高二英语__and_Reading课件_新人教版必修5

1、Great scientistsUnit 1 Read the new words and phrases on P91New words readingWarming upknow about 了解有关了解有关.的情况的情况know of 听说过听说过有些事我想了解一下有些事我想了解一下. There is something I want to know about .我听说过那件事我听说过那件事, 但不很清楚但不很清楚.I know of it , but I didnt know it well.1.词汇袋袋库词汇袋袋库2. characteristic adj. 独特的，特有的独特的

2、，特有的 n特征，特性特征，特性 eg. genetic characteristics 遗传特征遗传特征vcharacter n性格；特征；人物，角色；性格；特征；人物，角色；vcharacterize v是是的特征；描述的特征；描述的特的特征征vcharacterless adj.无特色的；平凡的无特色的；平凡的 区别区别future 和和characteristicvKindness is one of his _.vMy car doesnt have special _.characteristicsfutures3. put forward: bring up, come up w

3、ith eg: vHe put forward some useful advice at the meeting. vWe put forward Tom as monitor. 推荐推荐vThe meeting has been put forward to 2:00 pm. 提前提前提出提出vAn interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been _. Aput forwardBput down C. put up D. put aside 【解析解析】 有人提出一个有趣的建议有人提出一个有趣

4、的建议 【答案答案】 A考题练练看考题练练看vput aside _vput away _vput off _vput on _vput down _vput out _vput up _vput up with _ 储蓄储蓄备用备用把把收拾起来收拾起来 推迟推迟 穿上，戴上；上演，演出穿上，戴上；上演，演出 举起；粘贴；建立，建设举起；粘贴；建立，建设 忍受忍受 放下放下扑灭扑灭(火火)vConsidering your salary，you should be able to _ at least twenty dollars a week. Aput forward Bput up Cp

5、ut out Dput asidev【解析】句意为“就你的工资而言，每周你应至少存20美元”。put forward提出；put up张贴；put out扑灭；put aside储存。v【答案】D考题练练看考题练练看 When we talk about great scientists, who will come into your mind?BrainstormingFather of hybrid riceYuan Longping“The weak one sits and waits the opportunity; The powerhouse makes the opportu

6、nity. ”弱者坐待时机；强者制造时机。弱者坐待时机；强者制造时机。 She got two Nobel Prizes, one for physics and the other for chemistry.Madame Curie 居里夫人居里夫人“If I have seen further, it is by standing on the shoulders of gaints.”Isaac Newton艾萨克艾萨克牛顿牛顿“Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.” Thomas

7、 Edison 托马斯托马斯爱迪生爱迪生Match the scientists with their achievementsAlbert Einstein 1. evolution(进化论进化论)Charles Darwin 2. discovery of radiumMadame Curie 3. electric bulbThomas Edison 4. theory of relativityNicolaus Copernicus 5. a brief history of timeStephen Hawking 6. the earth moves around Yuan Long

8、ping the sun 7. father of hybrid ricePrevious knowledge Lets do a quiz about some scientists“Give me a place to stand on, and I will move the earth” fvForce n.u力量，效力，武力c部队，影响大的人或物，vt。强迫，迫使，强力促成。 固定搭配固定搭配 by force 靠武力，强行靠武力，强行bring sth into force开始生效开始生效come into force开始生效，开始实施开始生效，开始实施in force已生效，大批

9、的已生效，大批的force sb to do/into doing sth迫使某人做某事迫使某人做某事2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsThe Origin of Species3. Who invented the first steam engine? Thomas Newcomen 纽科门纽科门 Lets do a quiz about some scientistsW

10、att瓦特瓦特Thomas Edison托马斯托马斯 爱迪生爱迪生4. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsMadame Curie 居里夫人居里夫人5. Who discovered radium in 1898? She received two Nobel Prizes, one for physics and one for chemistry.Madame Cur

11、ie 居里夫人居里夫人 Lets do a quiz about some scientists 6. Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities? Lets do a quiz about some scientists 7. Who was the painter that studied dead bodies in order to improve his paintings of people? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsLeonardo

12、da Vinci达芬奇达芬奇8. Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground in 1815? Lets do a quiz about some scientistsSir Humphry Davy 大卫大卫汉弗莱汉弗莱Watt瓦特瓦特9. Who invented the first seismograph to indicate in the direction of an earthquake?Zhang Heng Lets do a quiz about some scientistsSeismograph saizmr:f

13、10. Who put forward a theory about black holes?Stephen Hawking 霍金霍金 Lets do a quiz about some scientistswise/smart/clever lazy friendly cruelhard-working warm-hearted meandevoted easy-going generousmodest selfless nice handsomedetermined brave famous calm enthusiastic lovely honest reliableunkind se

14、lfish stubborn What qualities do you think they have in common?vTry to get more information about great scientists.vPreview the reading passage “John Snow Defeats King Cholera”.vRemember the new words and phrases in this unit.HomeworkReadingTHINKWORK FINDHow do the scientists usually do scientific r

15、esearch?Find a problemMake a questionThink of a methodCollect results Analyse the resultsFind supporting evidenceDraw a conclusionSOLVEWhat infectious diseases do you know?Infectious diseases can be spread to other people. They have an unknown cause and need public healthcare to solve them. It is a

16、kind of terrible disease caused by drinking dirty water and it caused a lot of deaths in the old times and it was very difficult to defeat.What do you know about cholera?Do you know this person?vA well-known doctor in the 19th century in London. vA legendary figure in epidemiologyep,di:mi:ldi:(流行病学流

17、行病学) and anesthesiology (麻醉学麻醉学) nis,izildiJohn Snow ( 1813 1858)Number these events in the order that they happened.v John Snow began to test two theories.v An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.v John Snow marked the deaths on a map.v He announced that the water carried the disease.v John Snow

18、 investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.v King Cholera was defeated.v He found that most of the deaths were near a water pump.v He had the handle removed from the water pump.21473856Fast reading1. attend v be present at; take care of _ attend to sb/sth: to deal with sb/sth; to t

19、ake care of sb/sth _eg: vHe attended the meeting yesterday.vI have some urgent business to attend to.出席出席,参加参加;照顾照顾,护理护理处理处理,应付应付; 照顾照顾,护理护理vThe coach asked his staff to _ the large group of journalists waiting for him to announce his training plans. Aadapt to Battend to Crefer to Dappeal to 【解析解析】

20、adapt to意为“适应”，attend to 意为“注意，关心，料理”，refer to 意为“涉及”，appeal to 意为“向呼吁，求助于”。整句话意为“教练要求他的队员去照应一下那一大群等着他公布训练计划的新闻记者们”。考题练练看考题练练看【答案答案 】 B区别区别attend/join/join in/take part invWould you like to _ us in the basket game? A. attend B. join C. join in D. take part in考题练练看考题练练看【答案答案】 Bvattend正式用语，参加严肃的活动，如会议

21、，听课，演讲会议，听课，演讲。vjoin加入某一组织组织，成为其中成员。vjoin(sb.)in sth./doing和某人某人一起进行一项具体的活动，多指正在进行的正在进行的活动活动。vtake part in参加活动，是一般用语。思维袋袋库思维袋袋库2. expose vt. show sth hidden; tell the truth _ 曝光曝光; 暴露暴露; 揭露揭露expose sth/sb to sth _ 暴露；显露暴露；显露 expose sb as _ 揭露某人揭露某人eg: Dont expose yourself to the sun for too long. Yo

22、ull get sunburned.v_ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed【解析解析】 动名词的被动式做主语。动名词的被动式做主语。【答案答案】 C考题练练看考题练练看Sentence 1. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.人们既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治疗方法人们既不知道其起因，又不知道它的治疗方法。vneithe

23、r.nor.既不既不，也不，也不 ，连接句，连接句中两个相同成分中两个相同成分,表全部否定。表全部否定。vNeither my father nor I was there. 我父亲和我都不在那里。我父亲和我都不在那里。vneithernor, eitheror, not onlybut also 连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的数与离它最近的那个主语的数保持一致。符合主谓一致中的就近原则就近原则。vNeither he nor I am a student.vEither Mary or her brothers are to blame for the fault.vNot only the

24、 teacher but also his students like playing football.思维袋袋库思维袋袋库(2009年湖南卷年湖南卷)vEither you or your one of your students _ to attend the meeting. A. are B. is C. have D. be【答案答案】 B考题练练看考题练练看3. When I left hospital I was completed cured. Is there a certain cure for cancer yet? cure :_vt.治愈，治疗；治愈，治疗；n.疗法

25、，治疗药疗法，治疗药 cure sb. of 治好治好(病、恶习等病、恶习等)a cure for 治疗治疗的方法的方法v辨析：辨析：treat与与cure Has the doctor _ her illness? No，he _ her but didnt _ her. Acured; treated; treat Bcured; cured; treat Ctreated the old woman for; treated; cure Dcured the old woman of; treated; curev解析：cure “治愈治愈” 强调结果。强调结果。 cure sb of

26、sth treat “治疗治疗” 强调过程。强调过程。 treat sb for sthv答案：D思维袋袋库思维袋袋库Sentence 2. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. vevery time 在这里是连词，引导时间在这里是连词，引导时间状语从句，意为状语从句，意为“每次，每当每次，每当” ve.g. Every time I hear that song, I feel happy. 每次听到那首歌，我都感到非常开心。每次听到那首歌，我都感到非常开心。v(2009年云

27、南玉溪模拟年云南玉溪模拟)_you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others. AAt times BSome time CEvery time DThe time【解析】句意为：每次你与别人交谈或写信息，你都向别人展示你的技能。every time是名词词组用做连词，引导时间状语从句。【答案】C考题练练看考题练练看v注意注意: immediately, the moment/the minute, directly, instantly 等与等与 every time一样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从一

28、样，都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句，意为句，意为 “一一.就就”。如：。如：vI will give the letter to him immediately/ the moment /directly/instantly I see him.v另外另外the first time (第一次第一次)，next time( 下下次次)，last time (上次上次) 都可以引导时间状语都可以引导时间状语从句。从句。思维袋袋库思维袋袋库(2009年陕西卷)vThis is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family

29、. Asee Bhad seen Csaw Dhave seen【解析】“This/It is the序数词time +that 从句”为固定句型， 如果前面用is，从句动词用现在完成时；如果用was，则用过去完成时。 。【答案】D考题练练看考题练练看4. suggest v. 建议；暗示，表明 suggest+doing sth/ sth. / that-clausev 他建议我们参观长城。他建议我们参观长城。1.He suggested visiting the Great Wall.2.He suggested that we (should) visit the Great Wall.

30、 suggest (暗示，表明暗示，表明)+从句不用虚拟语从句不用虚拟语气。气。vThe smile on her face suggested that she agreed with me. 5. absorb vt. 吸收(液体、气体)；吸引，使 、专心vThe cream is easily absorbed into the skin.这种乳霜容易被皮肤吸收。这种乳霜容易被皮肤吸收。vI was so absorbed in this book that I didnt hear you come in.归纳总结：归纳总结：vIt is very quiet in the class

31、room. The students are all _reading books. Aabsorbed Babsorbed in Cabsorbing in Dabsorb 【解析解析】本题意为：教室里很安静，学生们在本题意为：教室里很安静，学生们在全心全意读书。全心全意读书。be absorbed in doing sth.专专心做某事。心做某事。 【答案答案】B考题练练看考题练练看vThe writer was so _ in her work that she didnt notice him enter the room. Aabandoned Bfocused Cabsorbed

32、Dcentered 【解析解析】 be absorbed in 全神贯在全神贯在； focus sb on sth 使使专注于专注于 【答案答案】 C考题练练看考题练练看6. suspect v. 认为、怀疑认为、怀疑eg: I suspected the truth of her statement.* suspect sb of doing sth 怀疑某人做怀疑某人做某事某事* suspect sbsth to be 怀疑怀疑是是eg: He had suspected her of telling a lie to me. 7. blame vt consider or say tha

33、t sb is responsible for sth _eg: Please dont blame me.vblame sb for sthdoing sth _vblame sth on sb _vbe to blame_责备、谴责责备、谴责 责备某人做某事责备某人做某事 把某事归咎于某人把某事归咎于某人 (某人某人/某物某物)该受指责该受指责 n 过失、责备过失、责备Its not fair that you should get the blame.vDont always _ your own failure _ others. Sometimes you yourself _. A

34、blame；on；are to be blamed Bblame；for；are to blame Cblame；on；are to blame Dblame；for；are to be blamed 【解析解析】句意为：不要总把失败归咎于他人。句意为：不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该责怪你自己。有时该责怪你自己。blame sth.on sb.把把归咎于某人；归咎于某人；be to blame该受责备，要用主该受责备，要用主动式表被动意义。动式表被动意义。 【答案答案】C考题练练看考题练练看vThe mother who lost her son insisted that the carel

35、ess driver _ for the traffic accident _ yesterday. Awas to blame; happening Bbe to blame; happening Cbe blamed; was happened Dwas to blame; had happened【解析】 本题意为：失去儿子的母亲本题意为：失去儿子的母亲坚持认为坚持认为粗心的司机应该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。粗心的司机应该为昨天发生的交通事故负责。【答案】 A考题练练看考题练练看v(2006年安徽卷年安徽卷)Mr Green stood up in defence of (为为辩护辩护)

36、the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one _. Ablamed Bblaming Cto blame Dto be blamed【解析解析】he was not the one to blame意为意为“他不是那个应该受责备的人他不是那个应该受责备的人”。【答案答案】C考题练练看考题练练看v(2006年福建卷年福建卷)_for the breakdown of the school computer network，Alice was in low spirits. ABlaming BBlamed CTo blame DTo be bl

37、amed【解析】本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：本题考查非谓语动词的用法。句意为：Alice因为电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。因为电脑网络故障被责备，情绪很低落。非谓语形式用做原因状语，主语是这个动作的非谓语形式用做原因状语，主语是这个动作的承受者，故用过去分词承受者，故用过去分词blamed。D项项to be blamed有将要的意味。有将要的意味。【答案】B考题练练看考题练练看Sentence 3It seemed that the water was to blame.看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。vbe+动词不定式，可以表示该做或不该做的动词不定式，可

38、以表示该做或不该做的事情，相当于事情，相当于must, should, ought to 等。等。vYou are not to be late again.8. look into调查，研究; vThe police are now looking into the matter.警方正在调查这件事。警方正在调查这件事。vlook back 回顾，回首回顾，回首vlook down upon 蔑视蔑视vlook over检查，查看检查，查看vlook on 旁观旁观vlook through匆匆浏览匆匆浏览vlook up 查阅，查找查阅，查找9. Handle vt deal with,

39、operate _ n. part of a tool, cup, bucket door etc, by which it may be held, carried or controlled_eg: vDo you know how to handle the computer?处理处理 操作操作把手把手10. link vt&n connect or put together two or more pieces连接；联系连接；联系 vlink to (常用被动常用被动,表状态表状态)= connect with _vlink up (with) _eg: Blood in hi

40、s shirt linked him to the crime. A new freeway(高速公路高速公路) will be built to link up our city with Wuhan.把把与与连接连接/联系起来联系起来 连接，结合连接，结合 11. announce vt make sth known publicly 宣布宣布 通告通告eg: vYao Ming announced in his hometown that he has retired from NBA.归纳总结：归纳总结： announce sth.宣布某事宣布某事 announcethat-claus

41、e辨析：announce与declarevThe result of this examination will be _ tomorrow. Apublished Bdeclared Cannounced Dopened【解析解析】 announce强调正式地强调正式地“公开、发表、宣布公开、发表、宣布”， 侧重预告人们所关心或感兴趣的事情；侧重预告人们所关心或感兴趣的事情； declare指正式而明确地向公众指正式而明确地向公众“宣布，宣告，宣布，宣告， 声明声明”，侧重当众发表，多用于宣判、会议、，侧重当众发表，多用于宣判、会议、宣宣 战等。战等。C思维袋袋库思维袋袋库【答案】12. i

42、nstruct v teach；order,direct 教，教，教授；指示，命令，吩咐教授；指示，命令，吩咐vinstruct sb in sth 教授某人教授某人vinstruct sb to do sth 命令命令/吩咐某人去做某事吩咐某人去做某事eg: vHe instructs a class in history.vIve been instructed to wait here until the lecturer arrives.vMr Smith decided to hire a teacher to _ his son in English. Ateach Bintrod

43、uce Cinstruct Ddirect【答案答案】：C考题练练看考题练练看13. contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐款；贡献；捐助捐助vcontributeto _eg: He contributed his life to helping the poor. He contributed his article to China Daily.vcontribute to _eg: Various factors contributed to his failure.捐助、捐献捐助、捐献; 投稿投稿导致，促成；有助于导致，促成；有助于 Practice: Many

44、 people _ money _ the poor boy, which _ his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and _ it _ a newspaper. contributedtocontributed tocontributedto考题练练看考题练练看 Practice: Many people _ money _ the poor boy, which _ his returning to school. A writer wrote a story about this and _ it _ a

45、newspaper. contributedtocontributed tocontributedto考题练练看考题练练看vn. contribution 贡献贡献vmake great contributions to 对对有贡献有贡献思维袋袋库思维袋袋库14. apart from 除除之外（既有相加又有之外（既有相加又有相减的含义）相减的含义）eg: vApart from my parents, I have no one to believe in. (相减相减)vApart from the cost, we need to think about how much time th

46、e job will take.、(相加相加)辨析辨析besides except apart fromexcept forv1. besides: “除了除了之外（还有）之外（还有）”(相加相加) There will be five of us for dinner, besides John.v2. except: “除除之外之外”; (相减相减) whenthatif I cycle to work, except when I rains.v3. except for 强调整体很好，就一点不好，强调强调整体很好，就一点不好，强调 前后名词性质不同前后名词性质不同。 His compo

47、sition is good except for a spelling mistake.思维袋袋库思维袋袋库vLi Long is a good student _ his laziness. A. except B. besides C. except for D. but【解析解析】 李红是个好学生，就是有点懒。李红是个好学生，就是有点懒。属于整体很好，就一点不好。属于整体很好，就一点不好。【答案答案】 C考题练练看考题练练看Using LanguageReading and Writing15. strict adj. 严厉的；严格的；严谨的严厉的；严格的；严谨的 Mr. Liu is

48、 a strict teacher.vbe strict with sb 对某人要求严格对某人要求严格vbe strict aboutin doing 对某事、做对某事、做某事要求严格某事要求严格eg: vThe Whites are very _ their children.vThe hospital is quite _visiting hours.strict withstrict about16. make sense 有意义、讲得通有意义、讲得通; 是明智作是明智作法。法。 (不及物动词短语不及物动词短语)eg: Your story doesnt make sense to me

49、.vIt makes sense for sb to do sth. 对某对某人来说做某事是明智的人来说做某事是明智的eg: It makes sense to save money while you can.vmake sense of 理解、明白理解、明白eg: Can you make sense of this poem?vIt doesnt make _ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. Asense Bopinion Cuse Ddifference 注意：注意： make n

50、o difference没有影响，没什么不没有影响，没什么不同同 make (full) use of (充分充分)利用利用 A 考题练练看考题练练看17. cautious adj. 谨慎的，小心的vbe cautious about sth/doing sth 对（做）某事非常小心谨慎对（做）某事非常小心谨慎eg. He is cautious about telling the truth.v区别区别 cautious 和和 carefulvcautious 指因为担心某事危险或不明智而缓慢指因为担心某事危险或不明智而缓慢行事或小心谨慎；行事或小心谨慎；vcareful 并非担心害怕，但

51、为确保万无一失而并非担心害怕，但为确保万无一失而做事小心。做事小心。vBe careful! vShe looked around cautiously and then walked away.18. reject vt. refuse to accept or consider sth _eg: to reject an offer/a suggestion/a decision She rejected his offer of marriage. refuse to accept sb for a job _eg: I have been rejected by all the uni

52、versity not use or publish _eg. Imperfect articles are rejected by our quality control. 质量差的文章都被我们质检质量差的文章都被我们质检人员拒绝了。人员拒绝了。拒绝接受，不予考虑拒绝接受，不予考虑拒收，不录用拒收，不录用(因质量差因质量差)不用，不出版不用，不出版辨析：辨析：reject与与refuse的区别的区别vrefuse一般用词，指拒绝别人的请求、帮一般用词，指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式。vreject正式用词，指拒绝申请，请求，建正式用词，指拒绝申请，

53、请求，建议，提议；不录用，不采纳；其后不能跟议，提议；不录用，不采纳；其后不能跟不定式。不定式。eg. He refused to discuss this matter. I politely refused their invitation. The proposal was firmly rejected.思维袋袋库思维袋袋库19. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. 只有你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中只有你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行

54、星的运动才能说得清楚。其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。v only if 只有；只要只有；只要, ,引导条件状语从句。引导条件状语从句。 Only if you work hard can you get high scores.v当以当以only引导的短语或状语从句放于句首时，引导的短语或状语从句放于句首时，为了加强语气，句子需要倒装。为了加强语气，句子需要倒装。 Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work. Only in this way can I solve the problem.v 但是但是only 放句首修饰

55、主语时不倒装。放句首修饰主语时不倒装。 Only you can help me finish the work.思维袋袋库思维袋袋库2. Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?A. Because cholera caused some deaths.B. Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.C. Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.D. Because it was defeated with the help of the king.3. Whats the main