初2英语9-10单元复习

1、When was she born?她是什么时候出生的？ She was born in 1973.她出生于1973年。（1）when指什么时间，对时间状语提问。其结构为“When+助动词/系动词+主语+？”如：When did you go to the movies?你什么时候去看的电影？When does he come back?他什么时候回来？（2）born是bear的过去分词，仅用于被动词态，不与by连用。be born意为“出生，出世”。如：She was born in 1980.她出生于1980年。He was born in Canada.他出生在加拿大。2How long

2、 did Charles Smith hiccup? 查尔斯·史密斯打嗝打了多长时间？how long意思是“多长时间；多长（指长度）”，它表示“动作延续了多长时间”。如：How long did you do your homework? 你做作业用了多长时间？For about two hours. 大约两小时。How long is the river? 这条河有多长？知识拓展：how构成的一些疑问短语还有很多，主要有how often, how soon, how far等。（1）how often 表示时间，它强调“动作发生的频率”，意思是“多长时间一次”。如：How of

3、ten do you watch TV? 你多长时间看一次电视？I watch TV once a week. 我一个星期看一次电视。（2）how soon 也表示时间，它表示“动作将在多长时间之后才发生”，意思是“多久以后”。如：How soon will you come back home? 你多久才回家？In about two hours. 两个小时之后。（3）how far 表示距离，意思是“多远”。如：How far is it from your home? 它离你家有多远？3You are never too young to start doing things.你的年龄再

4、小也可以干一番事业。tooto 表示“太而不能”。如：She is too young to go to school. 她太小了，不能上学。但如果too前面，加上never，这个结构就变成了双重否定，译文就要成为肯定意义了。如：We are never too old to learn.我们活到老，学到老。(我们绝不至于太老而不能学习了。)too前面加only或but(相当于really)以加强语气。如：The girl is only too glad to come here. 这个女孩真是很高兴来这儿。4He spends all his free time with his gran

5、dchildren.他花所有的空闲时间和他的孙儿孙女们在一起。spend的用法：（1）spendn. 度过，消磨Come and spend the weekend with us.来和我们一块度周末吧。That man spent three years in prison.那个人在监狱里呆了三年。（2）spend n.onn. 花时间/金钱在方面He spent all his money on books.他把他所有的钱花在书上了。She spent twenty dollars on the dress.在这件长裙上她花了20美元。（3）spendn.(in)doing sth. 花时

6、间/金钱做Dont spend too much time (in) playing computer games!别花那么多时间打游戏！I spent two hours (in) doing my homework. 我花了两小时做家庭作业。5When still a small boy, he could hum songs and difficult pieces of music.当他还是小男孩时，他就会哼唱歌和有难度的音乐。（1）When still a small boy是When he was still a small boy的省略句，当when引导的时间状语从句中的主语和主

7、句中的主语一致，且谓语动词是be时，从句中的主语和be动词可以省去。如：When a child, I was very fat.当我小的时候，我很胖。（2）still是副词，意思是“还是，仍然”，一般放在be动词、情态动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。如：He still stays in bed though its late for school.虽然上学迟到了，但是他还躺在床上。My parents are still working in the factory.我父母还在厂里工作。6He began to learn the accordion at the age of four.

8、四岁时，他开始学手风琴。at the age of 意思是“在岁时”。如：At the age of two, my daughter could speak English.两岁时，我女儿就会说英语了。At the age of 7, she could go to school. 7岁时，她就能上学了。7Li Yundi took part in the 14th Chopin International Competition in Warsaw, Poland.李云迪参加了在波兰华沙举行的第十四届肖邦国际比赛。take part in 意思是“参加”，一般指参加活动。如：Ill tak

9、e part in an important meeting.我将参加一个重要的会议。Which sport would you like to take part in? 你想参加哪项运动？辨析：join, join in与take part in 三者都可译成“参加”，但意义和用法有异。join 意为“加入某一种组织，成为其中一员”，join后面还可接表示人的名词或代词，表示加入到某人或某些人的行列中去。如：My uncle joined the Party in 1978. 我叔叔是1978年入党的。We are going for a swim. Will you come and j

10、oin us？我们要去游泳，你和我们一起去好吗？join in 表示“加入”，“参加”某种活动，in之后可接名词或动词-ing形式，表示“参加某人的活动”，可以说join sb. in (doing) sth.如：He joined them in the work.他同他们一起工作。Will you join us in playing basketball? 你跟我们一起打篮球好吗？take part in 指参加会议或群众性活动，重在说明句子主语参加该项活动并在其中发挥作用。如：The teacher took part in our discussion yesterday.昨天老师参

11、加了我们的讨论。When will you take part in the meeting? 你将什么时候参加会议？注意：join in后面可以不跟宾语，take part in后面必须跟宾语。翻译：让我参加。误：Let me take part in.正：Let me join in.8He stopped playing football because of his sore back. 因为背痛，他停止了踢足球。because of是个介词短语，意思是“因为；由于”，后跟名词短语、代词等。如：He didnt come to school because of his illness

12、. 因为生病，所以他没有来上学。My father didnt buy me a birthday present because of business.因为忙，我爸爸没有给我买生日礼物。注意because后需接句子，如上面的两句可分别改写成：He didnt come to school because he was ill.My father didnt buy me a birthday present because he was busy.易混辨析：stop doing与stop to dostop doing意思是“停止正在做的事情”。其中stop是及物动词，-ing动词是“停止

13、”的对象。stop to do意思是“停下来去做某事”。也就是说，停下(原来做的事)去做另一件事情。例如：She stopped singing. 她停止了唱歌。(她不唱了。)She stopped to sing.她停下来去唱歌。(她将要唱歌。)9She goes to Tsinghua University, majors in English and management.她上了清华大学，主攻英语和管理学。major in 意思是“主攻；主修”。如：I want to major in English when I go to college. 当我上大学时，我想主攻英语。He like

14、s math very much, so he majors in it every day.他非常喜欢数学，因此他每天专学数学。What are you going to be when you grow up? 你打算长大后做什么？ Im going to be a computer programmer. 我打算成为一名电脑程序设计员。（1）这是一个be going to 用于特殊问句的句子，be going to用于疑问句中时将be放在主语前。如：Are you going to hike to the top of the mountain? 你们要徒步登上山顶吗？When are

15、you going to start? 你们什么时候出发？be going to表示将要发生的动作，含有“计划，打算”的意思，后跟动词原形，常跟表将来的时间连用，诸如：next Sunday下星期天，next month下个月，next year明年等。如：Im going to play football this afternoon. 我打算今天下午踢足球。Im not going to swim this Sunday. 这个星期天我不打算去游泳。（2）grow up 指人或动物长大；成年；成熟。如：Shes growing up fast. 她长得很快。A close friendsh

16、ip gradually grew up between them.他们之间的友谊关系日益亲密。2Paris sounds like a city that I could enjoy. 巴黎听起来像是一座我会喜欢的城市。（1）sound like意思是“听起来像”，sound作连系动词用，like是介词，作表语。如：That sounds like a good idea.听起来是一个好主意。（2）that I could enjoy是定语从句修饰city, that为关系代词，在从句中担任动词宾语，可以省去。如：I have a beautiful skirt (that) I like

17、very much.我有一条漂亮的裙子，我非常喜欢。Were going to help tourists who cant speak English.我们将帮助不会说英语的游客。3I want to be a reporter for a fashion magazine.我想做一名时尚杂志的记者。（1）want to be意思是“想成为；想做”，be是“成为；作为”之意。如：I want to be a computer engineer like Bill Gates.我想成为一个像比尔·盖茨那样的电脑工程师。（2）fashion意思是“时尚；时装”。如：The clothe

18、s are the fashion this year. 这种衣服今年非常流行。We will hold a fashion show. 我们将举办一场时装表演。4Im going to study French at the same time.同时我将要学习法语。at the same time 意思是“在同时”。如：I am doing my homework, at the same time my parents are cooking.我正在做功课，同时我父母正在烧饭。They came into classroom at the same time. 他们同时进的教室。5Im g

19、oing to buy a big house and Im going to travel all over the world.我打算买一所大房子，并打算周游全世界。all over the world 意思是“全世界”。如：There are 6.9 billion people all over the world. 全世界有69亿人。I think he is the tallest man all over the world. 我认为他是全世界最高的人。6Im going to write articles and send them to magazines and newsp

20、apers.我准备写文章，并把它们寄到杂志社和报社。send 意思是“送；派；递”，常用于sendto短语，意思是“把送到（某地）/送给（某人）”，当用于send sth. to sb.短语时，可换成send sb. sth.，但是如果“某物”是人称代词时，则只能用前面的结构；send for的意思是“派人去请”。如：Would you like to send these things to teachers office?你愿意把这些东西送到老师办公室吗？She sent me a present. =She sent a present to me. 她送给我一件礼物。She sent

21、for the doctor. 她派人去请医生。7Im going to move somewhere interesting. 我将要搬到有趣的地方去。somewhere“某处”，是不定代词，修饰不定代词的形容词应放在不定代词之后。如：something beautiful美丽的东西somewhere quiet安静的地方There is nothing interesting in todays paper.今天的报纸上没什么有趣的（新闻）。8Some girls are going to exercise more to keep fit.有些女孩子们将更多地锻炼以保持健康。（1）exe

22、rcise可以作名词用，意思是“运动，锻炼；体操；习题，练习题”。但是，作“运动；锻炼”解时，它是不可数名词，作“体操；习题；练习题”解时，它是可数名词。如：My grandfather often does exercise, so he is very healthy.我爷爷经常做锻炼，所以他的身体非常好。We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天都做早操。These exercises are too difficult for me. 这些习题对我来说太难了。exercise还可以作动词用，意思是“做运动；进行锻炼”。如：You should exe

23、rcise more so as to keep energetic.你应当多锻炼以保持精力充沛。You dont exercise enough. 你锻炼不够。（2）keep fit 意思是“保持健康”。如：If you want to keep fit, you must do more exercise and eat less food.如果你想保持健康，你必须做更多的锻炼，吃更少的食物。We must take good care of ourselves and keep fit.我们必须好好照顾自己以保持身体健康。9They want to communicate better

24、with their kids. 他们想更好地与孩子们交流。（1）communicate with sb. 意思是“交流思想，交换信息”。如：The police communicate with each other by radio.警察通过无线电互相联络。（2）better在这儿是副词well的比较级，修饰动词时应用副词，good是形容词。如：She is a good girl. 她是一个好女孩。She does well in maths. 她擅长数学。三、语法点拨be going to 句型1构成：be going to动词原形助动词be要随着主语的人称和数的变化而变成am, is

25、, are. 动词不定式的符号to后必须接动词原形。肯定式：主语am /is /are going to 动词原形。否定式：主语am /is /arenotgoing to动词原形。疑问式：Am /Is /Are 主语going to动词原形？肯定回答：Yes, 主语am /is /are.否定回答：No, 主语am /is /arenot.注意：一般疑问句是将be动词移到句首，特殊疑问句是将动词be放在疑问词后。否定句是在be动词后加“not”，可缩写成arent, isnt，但“I am not”只能缩写成“Im not”.2用法：表近期将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事，是一般将来时

26、的一种形式。与这一结构连用的时间状语有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning（afternoon, evening）, the day after tomorrow, next week (month, year), this afternoon (evening)等e.g. Are you going to see Uncle Wang next week？ 你下星期打算去看王叔叔吗？ The old man is going to hike to the top of the mountain. 这位老人将徒步登到山顶。 Is there going to be a new film this weekend? 这个周末会有一部新电影吗？ Im going to hold art exhibitions that will make me rich and famous. 我打算举办能让我成名和富有的艺术展览。 Is your brother going to move somewhere interesting? 你哥哥打算搬到某个有趣的地方去吗？ He isnt going to help her with her Chinese. 他不打算帮她学汉语。 Are you going to f