高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题

1、动词不定式1 动词不定式的时态一般式进行式完成式完成进行式（not）to do(not) to be doing(not) to have done(not) to have been doing动词不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时（或几乎同时）发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后谓语动词的动作发生时，动词不定式的动作正在发生动词不定式的动作发生在谓语动词动作或特定时间之前动词不定式的动作在谓语动词动作之前，且一直在持续练习：1. Im very happy (hear) that the German team won the match.2. She is said (study) in Fran

2、ce.据说她正在法国留学。3. He pretended (sleep) when his younger brother came in.当他弟弟进来时，他假装在睡觉。4. When you called me up, I happened (prepare) dinner.你给我打电话时，我正好在做饭。5. You are lucky （get）tickets to the football match.你买到了足球赛门票，真幸运。6. He appears (wait) here for a long time.他似乎在这里等了很久。（仍然在等待）单选1. We agreed here

3、but so far she has not turned up yet.A. having met B. meetingC. to meet D. to have met2. Charles Babbage is generally considered the first computer.A. to invent B. inventingC. to have invented D. having invented3. Tom happened when they spoke ill of him.A. passing by B. to be passing byC. to passing

4、 by D. to having passed by4. The doctor warned the patient not to eat sugar. Im sorry told you about it.A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having5. The crowd cheered wildly at the sight of Li Na, who was said a miracle in the tennis.A. making B. having madeC. to have made D. make6.

5、The police are now searching for a woman who is reported to since the earthquake hit the area.A. have been missing B. missC. be missed D. have missed2 动词不定式的被动语态一般式完成式to be doneto have been done不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后或同时发生不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前1. She asked (send) to work in Tibet.她要求被派到西藏去工作。2. In general, people do

6、 not like (make fun of).一般说来，人们都不喜欢被他人取笑。3. The book is said (translate) into more than 30 languages.据说这本书已被翻译成了30多种语言。4. The company requires him (go) abroad for further study.5. The boy felt annoyed (interrupt) when he was playing games.注意：动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义的常见情形1. 名词/代词 + be + easy/ difficult/ fit +

7、 动词不定式2. There be + 名词 + to do这周有很多家庭作业要做。 3. Sb have/ get/ want/ need + 宾语+ to do我有一些椅子要修。 4. give / show/ buy/ lend sb sth to doHe will show you the way to take.Please lend him some books to read.5. be to blame forThe firm was to blame for the accident.单选1. The message is very important, so it is

8、supposed out as soon as possible.A. to be sent B. to sendC. being sent D. sending2. Do let your mother know all the truth. She appears Everything.A. to tell B. to be toldC. to be telling D. to have been told3. When elephants eat huge quantities of leaves and grasses, other animals have trouble findi

9、ng enough food .A. to be eaten B. eatingC. to eat D. being eaten4. In many peoples opinion, the CEO of the company, though relatively young, is pleasant .A. to deal with B. dealing withC. to be dealt with D. dealt with5. The flu is believed by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the h

10、uman nose and throat.A. cause B. being causedC. to be caused D. to have caused6. It is unclear whether faulty design or poor construction was for the collapse of the building.A. blaming B. blamedC. being blamed D. to blame3 动词不定式作主语1. It be +形容词（difficult/ easy/ hard/ important/ impossible/ interest

11、ing/ necessary）+ for sb + 不定式2. It be +形容词(careful/ clever/ wise/ impolite/ nice/ right/ wrong/ bad/ kind)+ of sb + 不定式3. It be + 名词(pleasure/ pity/ crime/ shame/ honour) + 不定式4. It takes (sb) time + 不定式练习：1. basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.A. Known B. Having

12、knownC. To know D. Being known2. According to the doctor, would be good for you to have a holiday.A. this B. that C. one D. it3. Its standard practice for a company like this one a security officer.A. employed B. employingC. to employ D. employs4. takes confidence to make a new starttheres a dark pe

13、riod in-between where youare neither one thing nor the other.A. That B. This C. One D. It5. It took a long time for the connection between body temperature and illness .A. to make B. to be madeC. making D. being made6. Although regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea too close to b

14、edtime.A. to exercising B. to exerciseC. exercising D. exercises四，动词不定式作宾语1. agree/ decline (谢绝，婉拒)/ refuse/ offer/ promise/ choose/ decide/ determine/ intend（打算）/ manage（设法）/ expect/ wish/ tend（趋向，倾向）/ mean（打算）/ pretend（假装）/ afford + 不定式2. 动词后接不定式和动名词的区别stop to do stop doing remember to doremember

15、doing forget to do forget doingtry to dotry doing go on to dogo on doing allow sb to doallow doingregret to doregret doingmean to do mean doing3. 有些动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意思差别不大，如like/ love / begin/ start/ prefer/ continue/ hate/ intend to do/ doing4. feel / find/ make/ think/ believe/ consider it + adj./

16、n. + 不定式5. advise/ decide/ discuss/ learn/ know/ show/ tell + 疑问词+不定式6. 介词but/ except/ besides + to do介词but/ except/ besides 前面有实义动词do及其各种形式时，but/ except/ besides + do (to 省略)The young man had no choice but (go) abroad for further study at that time.What can Mary do besides (try) to sell her house?H

17、e used to do nothing but (lie) in bed, listening to the radio.She wants nothing but (drink) a cup of tea.单选1. David threatened his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.A. to be reported B. reportingC. to report D. having reported2. The citizens were told firecrakers after the Spring

18、Festival.A. not set off B. dont set offC. not setting off D. not to set off3. In the west, people make a rule to send Christmas presents to their relatives and friends.A. this B. that C. it D. one4. We feel our duty to make our country a better place.A. it B. this C. that D. one5. The two girls are

19、so alike that strangers find difficult to tell one from the other.A. it B. them C. her D. that6. The teacher asked us so much noise.A. dont make B. not makeC. not making D. not to make7. The chairman thought necessary to invite Professor Smith to speak at the meeting.A. that B. it C. this D. what5 动

20、词不定式作表语（表示目的和结果）和定语1. 系动词+ 表语系动词：be seem、appear2. 动词不定式一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。(1) the first/ the second/ the last/ the best/ the only thing + 不定式（后置定语）（2）There is nothing to worry about.The city I chose to live in was Shenzhen.Please give me a knife to cut with.单选1. My five-year plan is into different m

21、arkets and open up an entity that focuses solely on nonprofit organisations.A. expand B. to expandC. to be expanding D. to have expanded2. There are still many problems before we are ready for a long stay on the Moon.A. solving B. solvedC. being solved D. to be solved3. That econimic boom led to Lua

22、nda being named the most expensive city in the world .A. to live in B. to liveC. living D. living in4. The last one pays the meal.Agreed!A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving6 动词不定式作状语1. 动词不定式作目的状语He drew a map to show us how to get to his house.To accomplish the task on time, we have to wo

23、rk day and night.为了加强语气，在动词不定式前面可以加in order/ so asHe ran very quickly so as to/ in order to catch the last bus.注意：so as to 引出的目的状语不能放在句首； in order to 引出的目的状语既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。2. 动词不定式作结果状语1. only/ never + 动词不定式：强调结果和失望的情绪。They hurried to the railway station, only to find that the train had left.He we

24、nt off to the war, never to return alive.2. Sb be + 对人进行表扬或批评的形容词（right/ polite/ crazy/ geneous/ kind/ nice/ greedy/ silly）+ 动词不定式练习：1. He rushed back to collect his camera after the quake, only that the building had collapsed.A. finding B. having foundC. found D. to find2. the difficult maths probl

25、em, I have consulted Professor Russell several times.A. Working out B. Worked outC. To work out D. Work out3. I hope to take the computer course.Good idea. more about it, visit our website.A. To find out B. Finding outC. To be finding out D. Having found out4. Anxiously, she took the dress out of th

26、e package and tried it on, only it didnt fit.A. to find B. foundC. finding D. having found5. Group activities will be organised after class the children develop the team spirit.A. helping B. having helpedC. helped D. to help6. When you are out in nature, it is important to speak softly frighten the

27、animals away.A. so not as to B. so as to notC. so as not to D. not so as to7 动词不定式作补足语1. allow/ ask/ advise/ beg/ cause/ drive/ encourage/ expect/ forbid/ force/ get/ order/ permit/ persuade/ teach/ tell/ want/ warn / wish sb to do sth2. 感官动词（feel/ hear/ watch/ see）、使役动词（let/ have/ make）sb do sthSb

28、be made to do sth练习1. Paul doesnt have to be made . He always works hard.A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning2. They knew her very well. They had seen her up from childhood.A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow8 疑问词（who/ whom/ what/ which/ when/ how/ where）+动词不定式注意：why后面不直接加动词不定式练习1. Hes

29、already anxious about to do if Amy leaves the company.A. what B. where C. which D. who2. Ive worked with children before, so I know what in my new job.A. expected B. to expectC. to be expecting D. expect3. Can you give us some advice on what next?Of course.A. does B. to do C. to be done D. doing4. A

30、ll I can think about is to get the money to save my daughters life.A. what B. why C. how D which5. Therere so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind to buy.A. what B. which C. how D. where6. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows .A. it what to

31、 do with B. what to do it withC. what to do with it D. to do what with it高考链接2015高考21. _the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A.Catching B.Caught C.To catch D.Catch2015模拟海淀一模29. Mike will become the first person in his family _ college education. A. finishedB. having finishedC. finishingD. to finish朝阳一模22. In order to keep fit, the old man makes it a rule _ for a walk after supper every day.A. goingB. to goC. goD. gone西城一模26My granny do