2012年四川外语学院翻译硕士英语真题试卷

1、2012 年四川外语学院翻译硕士英语真题试卷（ 总分： 162.00 ，做题时间： 90分钟 ）一、 Vocabulary（ 总题数：20 ，分数：40.00）1.The true test of a leader is whether his followers will adhere to his cause from their ownvolition , enduring the most hardships without being forced to do so, and remainingsteadfastin the moments of greatest peril.（分数

2、： 2.00 ）A.arduous VB.strenuousC.energeticD.assiduous解析：解析：句意：对领袖真正的考验在于他的追随者们是否是心甘情愿，在最困难的时候是否也毫不动摇，坚定地团结在他的身边。 arduous 艰巨的。 strenous 费劲的，费力的。 energetic 精力充沛的。 assiduous 刻苦的，勤勉的。2.It has been recognized that the causes of premature births are multifarious, and it has been speculated that environment

3、al, such as stress, fear, exile, and inadequate prenatalmaternal care, contribute to the rate of premature births.（分数： 2.00 ）A.elementsB.ingredientsC.factors VD.momentums解析：解析：句意：现在已经意识到早产的原因是多种多样的，而且据推测环境因素，例如压力，恐惧，流放，不充分的产前孕妇保健等是导致早产率上升的原因。 element 、 ingredient 、 factor 均有“组成成分”的意思： element 指元 素或某

4、特定类型的人或群体，分子。 ingredient 指原料、成分。 factor 指（产生特定结果或状态的） 因素，要素，侧重指原因。momentum1为"势头；动力"。结合语境，factor为最佳答案，因此选择C项。3 .The limited area was already full of exasperated engineers of various types, some looking ,some angry, and some staring into space as they tried to think.（分数： 2.00 ）A.rejectedB.ab

5、jectC.injectedD.dejected V解析： 解析： 句意： 狭小的空间挤满了愤怒的工程师， 有的看起来很沮丧， 有的很生气， 有的凝视着天空思考。 dejected 沮丧的，失望的。 rejected 被拒的。 abject 卑鄙的。 injected 充血的。4 .Research shows that having a supportive spouse or strong ties to co-workers can help job-related stress a good reason to make some office buddies.（分数： 2.00 ）A

6、.mitigate VB.decreaseC.deductD.diminish解析：解析：句意：研究显示拥有一个支持的配偶或者与同事建立紧密的联系有助于减轻工作压力，这是一个结交办公室朋友的很好的原因。 mitigate 使减轻。 decrease 使减少。 deduct 扣除。 diminish 减少； 减小。 5 .Music creates order out of chaos, for rhythm imposes unanimity upon the, melody imposescontinuity upon the disjointed, and harmony imposes

7、compatibility upon the incongruous.（分数： 2.00 ）A.distributorB.decencyC.divinityD.divergent V解析：解析：句意：音乐是在混乱中创造秩序，因为节奏。divergent相异的，分歧的。dis triutor分销商。decency体面；庄重。 divinity 神。6 .She raised her face to the rain, to the dark sky, rather than frightened by this suddenwildness coming up from nothing arou

8、nd her.（分数： 2.00 ） A.exhilarated VB.exhibitedC.exhortedD.excavated解析：解析：句意：她仰起脸对着雨水，对着黑暗的天空，对于这突然出现的原野她很兴奋而不是害怕。 exhilarated兴奋的。 exhibited 展示的。 exhort 劝告。 excavate 发掘。7 .Rather than painful memories, he prefers to devote his energy to bring warmth,confidenceand love to disadvantaged children.（分数： 2.

9、00 ）A.dwell in8 .dwell on VC.dwindle byD.dwindle with解析：解析：句意：他更喜欢把精力投入到为不幸儿童带来温暖，信心和爱而不是去细想那些痛苦的回忆。 dell in 居住。dell on 细想。dwindle by 减少了。dwindle with 随着减少。8 .Home currency was to be devalued or revalued only in the case of continuing deficits or surpluses,respectively, however, countries wereto any

10、 adjustment in the parity.（分数： 2.00 ）A.insistentB.resistant VC.persistentD.consistent解析：解析：句意：只有在持续的赤字或顺差的情况下本国货币将会相应的贬值或升值，但是每个国家拒绝作出相应的调整。 insistent 坚持的。 resistant 抵抗的，反抗的。 persistent 固执的。 consistent 始终如一的。9 .A full moon was beginning to rise andthrough the upper edges of the fog, and this increas

11、edtheir haste, for it was plain, before they came forth again, that all would be as bright as day, and their departure exposed to the eyes of any watchers.（分数： 2.00 ）A.peered VB.preenedC.peekedD.peeled解析：解析：句意：一轮满月开始升起，透过雾气上沿朦胧出现。 peer 隐退，若隐若现。 preen 洋洋自得。 剥皮。 peel窥视。 peek10 .Younger mothers may fee

12、l like the coolest room at nursery school, or they may feelfromher unencumbered college pals.（分数： 2.00 ）A.intangibleB.resilientC.estranged VD.fledgling解析：解析：句意：年轻的母亲会喜欢幼儿园里最棒的房间，否则她们就会感觉到与那些大学中没有差距的朋友们渐渐疏远了。 intangible 无形的。 resilient 有弹力的。 estranged 疏远的。 fledging 无经验的。11 .Language is not merely a ne

13、utral medium for the conveying of information; it can trigger emotional responses which mayprejudice, stereotyping or misunderstanding.（分数： 2.00 ）A.spring from VB.revert toC.get rid ofD.bump into解析： 解析： 句意： 语言不仅仅是传达信息的中间媒介， 它也能引发情绪化的反应， 而这种情绪化的反应可能来自偏见、墨守成规或误解。 spring from 来自；源于。 revert to 恢复为，还原成；归

14、还。 get rid of 摆脱，除去。 bump into 偶然遇到。12 .The vacuum of space, instead of being empty, actuallyparticles and their antimattercounterparts.（分数： 2.00 ）A.occupies with B.seethes with VC.fills inD.full of解析：解析：句意：真空的太空不是真的空着的，实际上充满了微粒子和反物质部分。 seethe with 充满着。该句话缺少谓语，所以空缺处应该出现谓语形式，故排除选项 Q选项A和选项C应该用被动形式。13

15、.There is no chance, no destiny, and no fate that canor hinder or control the firm resolveof a determined soul.（分数： 2.00 ）A.circulateB.circumspectC.circumvent VD.circumcise解析：解析：句意：对于下定决心的人来说，任何机遇、命运和运气都无法阻挠或控制他那坚定的决心。 circulate 使 循环。 circumspect 细心的。 circumvent 阻止。 circumcise 包围。14 .Clearly a tug o

16、f war over key policies continues between the and ideological camps.（分数： 2.00 ）A.pragmatic VB.practicableC.dogmaticD.feasible解析：解析：句意：很明显实用主义和意识形态这两大阵营对于关键政策的制定的拉锯战仍在继续。 pragmatic 实用主 义的。 practicable 可行的。 dogmatic 教条的。 feasible 可行的。15 .The identity of the American writers who establish themselves af

17、ter World Warn is collectivelyas well as individually.（分数： 2.00 ）A.manifestB.distinct VC.apparentD.evident解析：解析：句意：二战后美国作家身份的确立既有群体的独特性也有个人的独特性。 manifest 显然的。 distinct 独特的。 apparent 明显的。 evident 明显的。16 .His hands were white and small, his frame was, his voice was quiet and his manners wererefined.（分

18、数： 2.00 ）A.frailB.crispC.feebleD.fragile V解析：解析：句意：他长得单薄，一双手白皙而小巧，说起话来细声细气，一副文质彬彬的模样。frame “骨架；框架”。fragile 此处用来形容人（外表 ）精致的；精巧的。 frail 虚弱的；体虚的。 crisp 脆的；干冷的；易碎的。 feeble 微弱的；虚弱的。17 .When a scandal breaks, the discovery of an attempt to cover up orthe evidence ofwrongdoing is often regarded as even mor

19、e scandalous than the original deeds.（分数： 2.00 ）A.conceal VB.conceiveC.revealD.deceive解析：解析：句意：当谣言破灭后，我们就会发现努力去掩盖或者隐藏错事的证据会比事件本身显得更可耻。 conceal隐藏。 conceive 构想。 reveal 揭开。 deceive 欺骗。18 .This inequality cannot beby calls for greater equality among the sexes in the past years.It is also this truth that

20、 makes it difficult for society to change its general view that thewoman should accord priority to the family.（分数： 2.00 ）A.certifiedB.testifiedC.verifiedD.rectifiedV解析：解析：句意：这是多少年来所谓的平等，却仍存在的不平等，也是人们经常强调女性应以家庭为重的关键因素。certify 证明。testify作证；证明。 veilfy 已证实。 rectify 调整。19 .Vigorously challenged yet widel

21、y ignored, the theory had languished for half a century, primarily due to its lack of amechanism to support the hypothesis.（分数： 2.00 ） A.plausible V B.credulous C.eligible D.creditable解析：解析：句意：因受到有力的挑战进而广泛地遭遇冷淡，这个理论萧条了半个世纪，这主要是因为缺乏可信的漂移 机制来证明其论点。 plausible 貌似可信的。 credulous 轻信的。 eligible 合格的。 credita

22、ble 可信的。 20.Indeed it is not too much tothat fully to appreciate the spirit of any one of these greatepics of the world, the student must possess some acquaintance with its co-ordinate ones.（分数： 2.00 ）A.assertVB.affirm C.allege D.claimassert解析： 解析： 句意： 的确， 如果一个学生想要充分理解任何一部史诗的精髓， 他对别的同一类的史诗也得有所了解。 声称

23、。 affirm 肯定。 allege 宣称。 claim 声称。二、 Reading Comprehension（ 总题数：8 ，分数：80.00）A From the beginning of the 20th century, people abroad have been uncomfortable with the global impact of American culture. More recently, globalization has been the main enemy for academics, journalists, and political activi

24、sts who loathe what they see as the trend toward cultural uniformity. Still, they usually regard global culture and American culture as synonymous. And they continue to insist that Hollywood, McDonalds and Disneyland are eradicating regional and local eccentricities.B Despite those allegations, the

25、cultural relationship between the UnitedStates, and the rest of the world over the past 100 years has never been one-sided. On the contrary, the United States was, and continues to be, as much a consumer of foreign intellectual and artistic influences as it has been a shaper of the worlds entertainm

26、ent and tastes.Section ACIn fact, as a nation of immigrants from the 19th to 21st century, the United States has been a recipient as much as an exporter of global culture. Indeed, the influence of immigrants on the United States explains why its culture has been so popular for so long in so many pla

27、ces. American culture has spread throughout the world because it has incorporated foreign styles and ideas. What Americans have done more brilliantly than their competitors overseas is repackage the cultural products we receive from abroad and then retransmit them to the rest of the planet. That is

28、why a global mass culture has come to be identified, however simplistically, with the United States.D Americans, after all, did not invent fast food, amusement parks, or the movies. Before the Big Mac, there were fish and chips. Before Disneyland, there was Copenhagens Tivoli Gardens （which Walt Dis

29、ney used as a prototype for his first theme park in Anaheim, California a model later re-exported to Tokyo and Paris）. And in the first two decades of the 20th century the two largest exporters of movies around the world were France and Italy.Section BESo, the origins of todays international enterta

30、inment cannot be traced only to P. T. Barnums circuses or Buffalo BillsWild West Show. The roots of the new global culture lie as well in the European modernist assault, in the early 20th century, on 19th-century literature, music, painting, and architecture particularly in the modernist refusal to

31、honor the traditional boundaries between high and low culture. Modernism in the arts was improvisational, eclectic, and irreverent. Those traits have also been characteristic of American popular culture.FThe artists of the early 20th century also challenged the notion that culture was a means of int

32、ellectual or moral improvement. They did so by emphasizing style and craftsmanship at the expense of philosophy, religion, or ideology. They deliberately called attention to language in their novels, to optics in their paintings, to the materials in and function of their architecture, to the structu

33、re of music instead of its melodies.G Although modernism was mainly a European affair, it inadvertently accelerated the growth of mass culture in the U. S. Surrealism, with its dreamlike associations, easily lent itself to the wordplay and psychological symbolism of advertising, cartoons, and theme

34、parks. Dadaism ridiculed the snobbery of elite cultural institutions and reinforced an already-existing appetite (especially among the immigrant audiences in the United States) for low-class, disreputable nickelodeons and vaudeville shows. Stravinskys experiments with unorthodox, atonal music valida

35、ted the rhythmic innovations of American jazz. Modernism provided the foundations for a genuinely new culture. But the new culture turned out to be neither modernist nor European. Instead, American artists transformed an avant-garde Project into a global phenomenon.Section CH It is in popular cultur

36、e that the reciprocal relationship between America and the rest of the world can best be seen. There are many reasons for the ascendancy of American mass culture. Certainly , the ability of American-based media conglomerates to control the spreadworldwide the for stimulus major a been has products t

37、heir of distribution and production of American entertainment. But the power of American capitalism is not the only, or even the most important, explanation for the global popularity of Americas movies and television shows.I The effectiveness of English as a language of mass communications has been

38、essential to the acceptance of American culture: Unlike German, Russian, or Chinese, the simpler structure and grammar of English, along with its tendency to use shorter, less abstract words and more concise sentences, are all advantageous for the composers of song lyrics, ad slogans, cartoon captio

39、ns, newspaper headlines, and movie and TV dialogue. English is thus a language exceptionally well suited to the demands and spreed of American mass culture.JAnother factor is the international complexion of the American audience. The heterogeneity of Americas population its regional,ethnic, religiou

40、s, and racial diversity forced the media, from the early years of the 20th century,to experiment with messages, images, and story lines that had a broad multicultural appeal. The Hollywood studios, mass-circulation magazines, and the television networks have had to learn how to speak to a variety of

41、 groups and classes at home. This has given them the techniques to appeal to an equally diverse audience abroad.K One important way that the American media have succeeded in transcending internal social divisions, national borders, and language barriers is by mixing up cultural styles. American musi

42、cians and composers have followed the example of modernist artists like Picasso and Braque in drawing on elements from high and low culture. Aaron Copland, George Gershwin, and Leonard Bernstein incorporated folk melodies, religious hymns, blues and gospel songs, and jazz into their symphonies, conc

43、ertos, operas, and ballets. Indeed, an art form as quintessentially American as jazz evolved during the 20th century into an amalgam of African, Caribbean, Latin American, and modernist European music. This blending of forms in Americas mass culture has enhanced its appeal to multiethnic domestic an

44、d international audiences by capturing their different experiences and tastes.Section DL Finally, American culture has imitated not only the modernists visual flamboyance, but also their tendency to be apolitical andanti-ideological. The refusal to browbeat an audience with a social message has acco

45、unted, more than any other factor, for the worldwide popularity of American entertainment. American movies, in particular, have customarily focused on human relationships and Private feelings, not on the problems of a particular time and place. They tell tales about romance , intrigue, success, fail

46、ure, moral conflicts, and survival. The most memorable movies of the 1930s ( with the exception of The Grapes of Wrath) were comedies and musicals about mismatched people falling in love, not socially conscious films dealing with issues of poverty and unemployment. Similarly, the finest movies about

47、 World War II (like Casablanca) or the Vietnam War (like The Deer Hunter) linger in the mind long after those conflicts have ended because they explore their characters most intimate emotions rather than dwelling on headline events.MSuch intensely personal dilemmas are what people everywhere wrestle

48、 with. So Europeans, Asians, and Latin Americans flocked to Titanic, as they once did to Gone With the Wind, not because those films celebrated American values, but because people all over the world could see some part of their own lives reflected in the stories of love and loss.N Americas mass cult

49、ure has often been crude and intrusive, as its critics have always complained. But, American culture has never felt all that foreign to foreigners. And, at its best, it has transformed what it received from others into a culture everyone, everywhere, could embrace a culture that is both emotionally

50、and , on occasion, artistically compelling for millions of people throughout the world.O So, despite the current resurgence of anti-Americanism not only in the Middle East but in Europe and Latin America it is importantto recognize that Americas movie television shows, and theme parks have been less

51、 imperialistic than cosmopolitan. In the end, American mass culture has not transformed the world into a replica of the United States. Instead, Americas dependence on foreign cultures has made the United States a replica of the world.Choose the correct headings for the four sections A - D from the l

52、ist of headings below.Write the correct number, i - xi, in the parentheses on your AnswerSheet. i Major Stimuli for the Growth of American Culture ii American Entertainment Industry iii Globalization of American Culture iv Pop Culture Potpourri in the United States v Global Impact of American Cultur

53、e vi The Influence of Modernism on American Culture vii Americas Dependence on Foreign Cultures viii Human Relationships in American Mass Culture ix The Main Features of American Culture x American Culture and Global Culture: A Reciprocal Relationship xi The History of American Mass Culture (分数： 8.0

54、0 ) (1).Section A( ) (分数： 2.00 ) 填空项 1: (正确答案：正确答案：x)解析：解析： Section A 承接上一段，主要讲述了美国文化与全球文化之间的关系，该部分第一段第一句指出美国不 仅是全球文化的出口国也足全球文化的接受国，下文对此进行了论证。所以美国与全球文化的关系是相互作用，相互影 响的，因此最合适的标题是x。(2).Section B( ) (分数： 2.00 )填空项 1: (正确答案：正确答案： vi )解析：解析： Section B 主要介绍了现代主义对美国文化的影响。从第E 段可知世界娱乐并不是起源于美国的牛仔戏，而是欧洲的现代主义的攻击

55、。经过发展，现代主义的艺术特点体现在美国大众文化上。从第 G 段可知现代主义加速了美 国大众文化的发展，体现在以下几个方面，如超现实主义影响了美国的广告，卡通，主题公园的发展等。 (3).Section C( ) (分数： 2.00 ) 填空项 1: (正确答案：正确答案： iv )解析：解析：Section C主要介绍了美国的流行文化。从第H段的第一句话可知这一部分要介绍流行文化。然后介绍了美国流行文化的一些优势，如美国的综合性企业，英语的作用，美国人口的国际性组合等。（4）.Section D（ ） （分数： 2.00 ）填空项 1: （正确答案：正确答案： viii ）解析：解析：Sec

56、tion D主要介绍了人际关系在美国大众文化的体现。从第F段第一句话可知美国文化是不关心政治的，与意识形态无关的。美国的电影特别注重人际关系和个人的感受，而不是特殊时期的问题。Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1 ? Intheparentheses on your Answer Sheet, writeYES if the statement agrees with the claims of thewriterNO if the statement contr

57、adicts the claims of the writerNOT GIVEN if it is impossible tosay what the writer thinks about this. （分数： 10.00 ）（1） .European modernists approved of the traditional boundaries between high and low culture. （分数： 2.00 ）A.YESB.NO 7C.NOT GIVEN解析：解析：根据第E 段第二句话可知欧洲的现代主义者不赞成高低文化之间的传统界限，所以这句话是错误的。（2） .The

58、 artists of the early 20th century spotlighted style and craftsmanship. （分数： 2.00 ）A.YES 7B.NOC.NOT GIVEN解析：解析：根据第F 段第二句话可知二十世纪早期的艺术家以牺牲哲学，宗教，思想意识来强调风格和技艺，所以这句话是正确的。（3） .American mass culture is cosmopolitan rather than imperialistic. （分数： 2.00 ）A.YES 7B.NOC.NOT GIVEN解析：解析：O段出现了美国的电视节目，主题公园更加的世界性而不是帝国主义性，所以这句话正确。（4） .American culture penetrates worldwide through economic an