work和career的区别英语ppt课件

1、Unit 4Work and CareerHow many occupations can you name? -ist (e.g. artist) -er (e.g. worker) -man (e.g. policeman) -or/-ess (e.g. actor/actress) -ian (e.g. musician) Other (e.g nurse)Five questions: what is my occupation?- game Do you work in transport/ education/ business/ law/ tourism/ entertainme

2、nt/ trades/ agriculture/ commerce? Is your job a blue-collar/ white-collar job? Do you work indoors/ outdoors/ both? Do you work only in the day time/ also at night? Is your work individual/ done with other people? Do you use any machinery? Do you stay in one place/ travel to other places in your jo

3、b?Choosing a careerdiscussion: What kind of job do you think will be suitable for you? What factors will you consider when you choose a job?Directions: When selecting a career or occupation, you have to consider many factors. Now work in pairs or groups to put the following factors in sequence from

4、the most important to the least, and try to justify yourself by providing convincing arguments.work placevaluessalaryparental influenceinterestsabilitiesThe most important -The least importantideal jobrealitycompromiseRole-play: Suppose you are a consultant in a career planning company. A customer c

5、omes to you for advices.Every group will act both roles.As a consultant, ask your customer about the basic information, then work out a plan for him/her.As a customer, you will be allotted a role card with information on it. Tell your consultant your current situation and hopes to the future. Case 1

6、:Zhang Jing, 34a research worker in ; wife and daughter (5-year-old) in hometown, Shenyang; no house in .Case 2:Li Zhiping, 32Teacher in poor village school; primitive conditions; low pay; poor attendance rate (上学率); promise for improvement uncertainCase 3:Xue Li, 27Actress in film studioHave acted

7、in 7 minor rolesHave had no chance to show talentNot marrying till career succeedsCase 4:Huang Chunlin, 22Universtiy studentMajor in computer scienceWill graduate this yearConcerned about parents in the country, both illCase 5:Xue Jie, 20Reserve (后备) football player on national team for 2 yearsTeam

8、not doing well in international matchesCoach seems no goodCase 6:Zhang Rong, 36Office worker,bored with workLove travelling and taking photoes of sceneryParticipated in 5 photo contestsHave not won any award yetCase 7:Deng Cong, 33Got PhD in US and came back to work in China last monthWant own car a

9、nd houseFind work efficiency low and colleague relationships complicated in work unitText AWork, Labor, and playparts Paras.Main ideas11-3The author explains his understanding of work, labor, and play. 24In the authors eyes, the majority of people in a modern technological society are labourers rath

10、er than workers. 35The author stresses the two negative aspects of technology and the division of labor. Work Labor Play 1231212Whether a job can be classified as work depends on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it. Work has nothing to do with the division between a manual and a mental jo

11、b. Whether a mans job can be viewed as work depends on his attitude toward leisure. A job can be classified as labor if a person has no interest in it. One is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family. Play is a private activity that one enjoys doing as a pa

12、stime. Whether one plays or not is a matter of the least concern to society. Directions: Summarize the authors explanation of his understanding of “work, “labor and “play.To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, free and, secondly, important.1. How can one feel free and important in his work?One can f

13、eel free if he enjoys what he is doing and one can feel important if what he is doing is valued by society.Para. 11. Why does the author call a laborer a wage slave?In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, whether what a man does has social value depends on whether he is pa

14、id money to do it, but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave. The author calls a laborer a wage slave because a laborers social value depends on the money he is paid. To a laborer, the job that society offers him is of no interest to him. He is compelled to take it because he has to ear

15、n a living and support his family.2. What is the implied meaning of this sentence?Just like slaves in the past, laborers are compelled to do jobs that they dont really enjoy. As a result, the only difference between a laborer and a slave is that one is paid while the other is not. Para.11. What does

16、 “voluntary play refer to in this context?what from the point of view of society is necessary labour is from his own point of view voluntary play.Para.3“Voluntary play in the context means the job one enjoys doing.2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.从社会角度看是必需的劳动，在他本人看来却是从社会角度看是必需的劳动，在他本人看来却是自愿的玩耍

17、。自愿的玩耍。According to the author, when can we define a gardener or a cobbler as a worker, while a bank clerk a laborer?The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.Para. 3According

18、to the author, whether one is a worker or a laborer does not depend on the kind of job he or she does but on whether he or she really enjoys doing the job. Therefore, a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker if he is interested in his job, while a bank clerk is a laborer if he is bored with his job.

19、in the strict sense: in the most limited meaningIn the strict sense, it is not a piece of classical music.In the strict sense, the help-the-poor program was put forward on a large scale only after the initiation of the reform and opening-up. Collocations:in a sense 在某种意义上in the literal sense 就字面而言in

20、 the full sense 就全面的角度而言in the broad sense 从广义的角度而言abolish: vt. bring to an end by law; stopSlavery was abolished in England in the 19th century.Modern educators have for the most part abolished corporal punishment.我们应该废止种族隔离一事愈来愈遭到注重。我们应该废止种族隔离一事愈来愈遭到注重。There is growing recognition that we should a

21、bolish segregation.这些动词均含这些动词均含“取消、废除之意取消、废除之意 正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或风俗。正式用词，指彻底废除某种制度、规章或风俗。 用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、竞赛、游览、方案用法广泛，多指取消债务、合同、证书、竞赛、游览、方案或约会等。或约会等。 书面用词，指撤销立法机关经过的协议、法案或法律等。如：书面用词，指撤销立法机关经过的协议、法案或法律等。如：CF: abolish, cancel & repealabolishcancelrepealIn my opinion, such corrupt practices shou

22、ld be abolished. 依我看，这些陋习该当废除。依我看，这些陋习该当废除。If it rains, let our engagement be cancelled.假设下雨，就取消我们的约会吧。假设下雨，就取消我们的约会吧。The legislation was repealed five months later.classify: vt. arrange in classes or groupsWhales are classified as mammals, not fish.人们将油腻的薯条、洋芋片以及汉堡归类为渣滓食物。人们将油腻的薯条、洋芋片以及汉堡归类为渣滓食物。Pe

23、ople classify greasy French fries, potato chips and hamburgers as junk food.We usually classify types of character as good or bad. Local government is actively taking measures to collect, classify and dispose garbage left in scenic spots to prevent pollution. 1. The books in the library are by subje

24、cts. 2. Please out the things you want to keep and throw everything else away. 3. He was as a trouble-maker. 4.Natural resources can be as renewable and nonrenewable ones. CF: categorize, classify & sort categorize强调贴标签于某物上并将其分类，或分列入目录中。分类规范比较personal和specific,可以是本人设定的规范。 classify指按照事物类型、质量或类似点进

25、展分类。规范不是分类者本人设的，而是自然已构成的分类。 sort通常指根据类型或分类进展挑选。 Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.classified_sort_classified_categorized_这些动词均含这些动词均含“按一定规那么加以组织、分类之意。按一定规那么加以组织、分类之意。undertake: vt. make oneself responsible for; agree; promiseDuring her husbands pres

26、idency, Jacqueline Kennedy undertook the coordination of the White House restoration.量力而行。量力而行。Undertake no more than you can perform.We undertake to replace any product not up to the specifications. I had rather undertake some purposeful labour than stay pulsion: n. force or strong influence; stron

27、g unreasonable desire她忽然感到一种难以抗拒的激动她忽然感到一种难以抗拒的激动,想要揍他。想要揍他。 Everybody acts not only under external compulsion, but also in accordance with inner necessity.对他们只能压服，不能压服。对他们只能压服，不能压服。Persuasion, not compulsion, is the only way to convince them.Pattern:under compulsionShe felt a sudden compulsion to h

28、it him The development of technology and the division of labor have turned a large amount of enjoyable work into boring labor. Because of the development of technology and the division of labor, the need for special strength or skill in many fields has been eliminated. We are very happy to imagine a

29、 world in future where the majority of the workforce have as much time for play as the upper classes used to have in the past. The prospect is not cheerful that in future the majority of the workforce ordinary people have as much time for play as the upper classes used to have in the past.F( )T( )1.

30、2.Unlike the aristocracy who used to repeat the same ceremonies in certain seasons, laborers are likely to spend their leisure time in dangerous driving, drug-taking, and senseless acts of violence. Workers seldom commit acts of violence at home, because they do it in their work.Workers seldom commi

31、t acts of violence, because they enjoy what they are doing, so they are willing to spend most of their time and energy on their jobs. As they are bent on their work, the aggressiveness inside themselves, if any, would naturally turn into the motivation and determination to do their jobs well. F( )T(

32、 )3.4.eliminate: vt. remove; take away; get rid ofTo fight and eliminate poverty is a major task facing the world today.The doctors helped him to eliminate waste material from the body.我们能消灭癌症以减少死亡率吗？我们能消灭癌症以减少死亡率吗？Can we eliminate cancer so as to reduce death rate?Eliminate the false and retain the

33、 true.去伪存真。去伪存真。Collocations:eliminate sex barriers 消除男女差别eliminate errors 消除错误eliminate illiteracy 扫盲eliminate pornography 扫黄1. The case against Robert Jones was for lack of evidence. 2. Six American diplomats have already been . 3. The servant was for being lazy and dishonest. 4. Please your bag f

34、rom the seat so that I can sit down. 5. She once again went through her composition carefully to all spelling mistakes. remove普通用词，不带任何感情颜色。eliminate指例行公事的排除某物,也指有系统的摧毁某物. dismiss指解雇、开除某人或驳回某事。expel多指强行解除公职或驱出居住地。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.di

35、smissed_eliminate_expelled_remove_dismissed_CF: remove, eliminate, dismiss & expel这些动词均有这些动词均有“开除、驱出、去掉之意。开除、驱出、去掉之意。recall: vt.The government recalled its ambassador when the war was declared.The sight recalled the days of childhood to her.2) remember; recollectI dont recall ever meeting her.1)

36、 order to return; summon backremind指经某人或某事的提示而回想起某件已遗忘之事。CF: remember, recall, recollect & remindI often remember the pleasant holiday we had with you.我时常忆起我们与他共度的愉快假日。我时常忆起我们与他共度的愉快假日。She listlessly recalled her passed youth.她怅惘地回想她曾经逝去的青春。她怅惘地回想她曾经逝去的青春。 Beasts and babies remember, that is, re

37、cognize; man alone recollects. 动物和婴儿能记住或者说能识别东西，只需成人才干回想起事情。动物和婴儿能记住或者说能识别东西，只需成人才干回想起事情。The film reminded him of what he had seen in Germany. 这部电影使他回想起在德国所看到的情况。这部电影使他回想起在德国所看到的情况。均有均有“记忆、记住、回想之意。记忆、记住、回想之意。remember含义较广，多指无认识地回想起往事，也可指经过客观努力去记忆。例如：recall比remember文雅，指自愿的对过去的回想。recollect指在记忆中搜索，设法想起一

38、时想不起的事情或人，强调过程。 prospect: n. From the top of the hill theres a beautiful prospect of the lake.The prospects of finding gold in California were good in the 1840s.2) expectation; hopeThe prospects for a peaceful solution to the crisis are quite dim.我看他没有什么痊愈的希望。我看他没有什么痊愈的希望。I see little prospect of hi

39、s recovery. 1) wide view of a landscape go in for:I didnt go in for the crossword competition.2) have an interest in, have as a hobbyI dont go in for sport very much.We dont go in for that sort of thing in the new society. 1) take, enter (an examination or competition)新社会不兴这一套了。新社会不兴这一套了。 Useful expressions1. 从严厉意义上说从严厉意义上说in the strict sense2. 谋生谋生earn a living3. 膂力劳动膂力劳动manual job4. 脑力劳动脑力劳动 mental job5. 与与一致，相符一致，相符coincide with6. 心脏病心脏病heart attacks7. 摆脱强迫摆脱强迫freedom from compulsion8. 据推测据推测at a