汽车专业英语(第6章)《汽车专业英语 》王锦俞主编

1、汽车专业英语Unit 6 Electricity and Electronics第六单元 电器和电子设备 6-1 Battery 蓄电池 v1- cell partition 单元电池隔板v2- terminal post 端子，极桩v3- cell connecting bar 单元电池连接条v4- vent (ilation) plug （蓄电池）通气孔v5- one-piece cover 整体式盖v6- electrolyte level mark 电解液液面标记v7- plate strap 极板连接条v8- negative plate 负极板v9- positive plate

2、正极板v10- sediment chamber 沉淀室v11- separator 隔板v12- element rest （极板）元件支承台v13- battery case（box） 蓄电池壳体 BatteryvThe purpose of the battery is provide sufficient electrical energy to crank the starter and operate the ignition system, computer, solenoids, lights, and other electrical components.vBatterie

3、s are made by putting together a number of cells. In its simplest form, a battery sell consists of three components: a positive plate, a negative plate, and a electrolyte, an acidic solution. 6-2 Alternator 发电机v1- end frame 后端盖v2- heat sink （整流器）散热板v3- power diode 功率二极管v4- exciter diode 激励二极管v5- dri

4、ve end frame 前端盖v6- pulley 带轮v7- fan 风扇v8- stator 定子vstator assembly 定子总成 v9- rotor 转子vclaw pole 爪极v10- carbon brush 碳刷，电刷v11- voltage regulator 电压调节器vIC（integrated circuit） regulator 集成电路调节器vtransistor regulator 晶体管调节器 AlternatorvTodays vehicles use an alternator to charge the battery and operated

5、the electrical circuits. The alternator is much more efficient than a generator. Alternators are much smaller, lighter in weight, and produce more current then generator. vThe alternator is made of a stator, rotor and slip ring and brush assembly. Many modern alternators have the regulator built int

6、o the housings as a complete unit. 6-3 Starter 起动机 v1- drive pinion 驱动齿轮v2- over running clutch 单向离合器v3- brake disc 制动盘v4- meshing spring 啮合弹簧v5- shift lever 拨叉v6- plunger 活动铁心v7- return spring 复位弹簧v8- holding winding 保持线圈v9- pulling winding 吸引线圈v10- solenoid switch 电磁开关v11- contact 触点v12- battery t

7、erminal 电源端子v13- moving contact 活动触板v14- terminal stud 端子螺栓v15- commutator end frame 换向器端端盖v16- brush spring 电刷弹簧v17- commutator 换向器v18- carbon brush 碳刷v19- starter frame 起动机壳体v20- pole shoe 极靴v21- armature 电枢v22- excitation winding 磁场绕组 v23- guide ring 导环v24- stop 止推盘v25- drive end housing 驱动端端盖v26

8、- armature shaft with spiral spline 螺旋花键电枢轴StartervWhen the ignition switch is closed, current causes the solenoid to engage the starter. At the same time, the mechanical linkage engages the pinion gear with the ring gear. When the engine starts, the pinion gear is pushed away from the ring gear. Wh

9、en the ignition switch is released, the solenoid also releases. The starter circuit is now ready to operate again when the switch is turned to the crank position.6-4 Lamp System 照明系v1- width ( indicator) lamp 示宽灯v2- windshield washer 风窗洗涤器v3- wiper 刮水器v4- mirror 后视镜v5- roof lamp 顶灯v11- side turn sig

10、nal lamp 侧转向信号灯v12- front fog lamp 前雾灯v13- front turn signal lamp 前转向灯v14- headlamp 前照灯v15- electronic horn 电喇叭v6- center stop lamp 中央制动灯v7- antenna 天线v8- reverse lamp 倒车灯v9- rear combination lamp 组合后灯v10- license plate lamp 牌照灯v16- wiring 线路v17- seat heater 座椅加热器v18- speaker 扬声器v19- combination swi

11、tch 组合开关v20- cruise control 巡航控制器v21- air bag ECM（electronic control module） 安全气囊电子控制模块v22- radio and tape player 收放机和磁带放音机v23- conlight scanner 照明自动控制装置Lamp SystemvTo ensure that vehicles traveling at night security, and to improve its speed, the car is equipped with various lighting equipment and

12、lighting signal devices, commonly known as the department of lights, it has become an indispensable vehicle part. According to the Department of car lights installed location and use different, can be divided into: external lighting devices; internal lighting and automotive signal lighting devices.6

13、-5 Air Conditioning System空调系统vCCTEV=cycling clutch thermostatic expansion valve system 循环离合器恒温膨胀阀系统v1- compressor 压缩机v2- cycling clutch 循环离合器v3- condenser 冷凝器v4- condenser fan 冷凝器风扇v5- high-pressure switch 高压开关v6- receiver-dryer 储液干燥器v7- lower-pressure switch 低压开关v8- temperature switch 温度开关v9- temp

14、erature sensor (蒸发器)温度传感器v10- condensate drip pan 冷凝滴水盘v11- evaporator 蒸发器v12- blower 鼓风机，吹风机,v13- blower switch 风机开关v14- expansion valve 膨胀阀v1- AUTO= automatic control button 自动控制按钮v2- blower switch 鼓风机开关v3- recirculation air 循环空气v4- fresh air 新鲜空气v5- front defroster button 前风窗除霜器按钮v6- air flow mod

15、e display 气流模式显示v7- rear defroster button 后风窗除霜器按钮v8- air conditionning switch 空调开关v9- dual button 双重按钮v10- passenger temperature control switch 乘客温度控制开关v11- air flow mode control buttons 气流模式控制按钮v12- air flow mode (control) dial 气流模式调节旋钮v13- blower speed control button 风机转速控制按钮v14- DTC display 诊断故障

16、码显示v DTC=diagnostic trouble code 诊断故障码v15- driver temperature control switch 驾驶员温度控制开关v16- up switch （温度）升高开关Air ConditioningvMany automobiles today have air conditioning. Air conditioning removes the warm air inside the passenger compartment to the outside .A refrigerant (abbreviated as “R”) is use

17、d to transfer heat from inside the vehicle to the outside air. v Today there are two major types of refrigerants used in automobiles. One is called R12 and the other is called R134a.v The accumulator orifice tube system uses an additional accumulator and a tube for the expansion valve. Another type

18、of air-conditioning system uses a receive filter-dryer along with a thermostatically controlled clutch.6-6 Combination Meter（Instrument）组合仪表v1- temperature gauge 温度表vECT gauge = engine coolant temperature gauge 发动机冷却液温度表vwater temperature gauge (indicator) 水温表vH=heated 热vC= cool 冷v2-tachometer （发动机）

19、转速表v3-trip meter或 trip odometer 旅程表v4-speedometer 车速表v5-cruise control 巡航控制v6-fuel level indicator或fuel gauge 燃油表 vgasoline gauge 汽油表vF=full 满vE=empty 空v7-trip meter reset button 旅程表归零按钮v8- odometer 路程表vmileometer, mileage meter （英制单位）路程表v9-maintenance required 维护提醒显示vreminder light 提醒灯TachometervA

20、tachometer is an instrument that measures the speed of rotation of a shaft or disk, as in a motor or other machine. The device usually displays the rate of revolutions per minute on a calibrated analog dial, but digital displays are increasingly common. 6-7 Electrical Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviati

21、ons 电路图颜色缩写v英语导线颜色缩写vB=Black 黑色 BL=Blue 蓝色 BLK=Black 黑色 BR=Brown 棕色 BRN=Brown 棕色 BU=Blue 蓝色 D=Dark 深色的 DK=Dark 深色的 G=Green 绿色 GN=Green 绿色 GR=Green 绿色Grey 灰色 GRA=Green 绿色GY=Gray灰色 L=Light浅色的，淡色的 LG=Light Green 浅绿 O=Orange 橙色 OG=Orange 橙色 OR=Orange 橙色 ORN=Orange 橙色 ORG=Orange 橙色 P=Pink 粉红色 PK=Pink粉红色

22、PP=Purple 紫红色 PPL= Purple紫红色 R=Red 红色 SB=Sky Blue 天蓝色 TN=Tan 褐色 V= Violet 紫色 W= White白色 WT= White白色 Y=Yellow 黄色v德语导线颜色缩写v bl=blau 蓝色 br=braun 棕色 ge=gelb 黄色 gn=grun 绿色 gr=grau灰色 li=lila 紫色 or=orange 橙色 ro=rot 红色 sw=Schwarz 黑色 ws=wei白色v1- data transportation terminal 数据传输终端v2- EFI( electronic fuel inj

23、ection system) ECU 发动机电控单元v3- ECT( electronic control transmission ) ECU 自动变速器电控单元 v4- CAN-H （数据总线）高位线v5- CAN-L （数据总线）低位线v6- CAN= controller area network 控制器局域网Electrical SchematicvElectrical schematics are used to troubleshoot the electrical circuits on vehicles. Schematics subdivide vehicle electr

24、ical systems down into individual parts and circuits. Schematics show only the parts and how electrical current flows.vSchematics do not show the actual position or physical appearance of the parts.v Several numbers and identifying characteristics are also shown on schematics.vThe color of wire is r

25、epresented by letters such as PNK(pink),YEL(yellow),BLU (blue),PPL(purple) ,ORN(orange),GRY(gray),DK GRN(dark green),and so on .6-8 SRS=Supplemental Restraint System 辅助约束系统 v1- rear impact headrest inflator 后部碰撞头枕充气器v2- combination side-impact head and roll-over (air) bag 侧面碰撞头与翻滚组合式安全气囊v2a- curtain

26、 air bag 帘式安全气囊v3- driver air bag 驾驶员安全气囊v4- knee bag 膝部安全气囊v5- impact sensing unit 碰撞感知模块v6- seat position sensor 座椅位置传感器v7- pyrotechnic seat belt tightener 烟火式安全带收紧器vbuckle pretensioner 带扣预收紧器v8- front passenger airbag 前乘客安全气囊v9- airbag warning light 安全气囊指示（报警）灯 Air bagvAir bag systems also called

27、 passive restraint systems or SIR ( Supplemental inflatable restraint ) or SRS (supplemental restraint system), are now used on all new vehicles.vTheir purpose is to supplement seat belts during an accident . Drivers side air bags are designed to inflate through the steering column when the vehicle

28、is involved in a front end accident of sufficient force. The result is that the driver is protected from serious injury. 6-9 Graphical Symbols of Automotive 汽车图形符号v1- resistor 电阻器v2- variable(load) resistor 可变电阻器v3- electrically operated valve 电动阀v4- spark plug 火花塞v5- fuse 熔断器，熔断丝v6- light bulb 灯泡v7

29、- heating element 加热元件v8- mechanically operated switch 机械操纵式元件v9- meter或gauge 仪表v10- detachable wire connector 可拆式导线插接器v11- semiconductor diode 半导体二极管v12- electro-magnetic relay 电磁继电器v13- alternator 交流发电机v14- motor 电动机v15- detachable wire junction 可拆式导线接头v16- wire crossing 导线交叉v17- permanent wire ju

30、nction 永久性导线接头v18- battery 蓄电池v19- shielded conductor 屏蔽导线v20- soldered wire splice 焊接的导线接头v21- wiring cross section 导线横断面v22- toggle switch 扳钮开关v23- hydraulically operated switch 液动开关v24- solid-state relay 固态继电器v25- thermally operated switch 热敏(双金属)开关v26- manually operated multi-position switch 手动多

31、位开关v27- solid-state circuitry 固体电路v28- manually operated switch 手动开关v29- horn 喇叭v30- connector 插接器v30a- male connector 插头,阳插接件v30b- female connector 插座, 阴插接件Symbols of Meter and Indicator仪表和指示器符号 v1- low oil pressure indicator 机油压力低指示灯v2- charging system indicator 充电系统指示灯v battery voltage warning light 蓄电池电压警报灯v3- check engine (warning) light 发动机检查指示灯v4- ABS indicator= anti-lock brake system 防抱死制动系统指示灯v5- fuel 燃油v5a- low fuel indicator 低燃油液面指示灯v6-