全新版大学英语综合教程4课后习题集答案解析

1、全新版大学英语综合教程4【第二版】习题答案主编：李荫华上海外语教育出版社Unit 1Part II Text Alexf OrganizationPartsPart OneParagraphsParas 1-2Main IdeasIntroduction Both Napoleon's and Hitler's military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part TwoParas 3-11Part ThreeParas 12-20Napoleon's military

2、campaign against RussiaHitler's military campaign against the SovietUnionPart FourPara 21Conclusion the elements of nature must berekoned with in any military campaign.2.SectionsSection OneParagraphsParas 12-13Main IdeasHitler's blitzkrieg against Russia and Stalin'sSection TwoParas 14-1

3、8scorched earth policythe battles fought at Leningrad, Moscow andStalingrad Section Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome ofthe warVocabulary1) 1. 1) alliance2) at the cost of3) stroke4) limp5) minus7) declarations9) raw11) have taken their toll6) regions8) siege10) bide hi

4、s time12) in the case of2. 1) is faced with3) is pressing on / pressed on5) get by2) get bogged down4) drag on6) dine out7) have cut back8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a h

5、alt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers' strike3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporter's question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic c

6、alculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainousregions to build up our bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organiz

7、ation. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tid

8、e in the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic

9、 fighting took place in the gloomy trenches of France and Belgium.2) Elizabeth made careful preparations for the interview and herefforts/ homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words .4) Pneumonia had severely weakened

10、 her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall 川 that we finally learn to appreciategood health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks anything about it.3) It's said he dropped dead from a heart attackand

11、 nobody knewwhen he was at work4) Don't sit too close to the fire to keep warm burned, especially if you fall asleepyou could easily get5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Comprehensive E

12、xercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion3. Conquest5. launching7. campaign9. reckon with(B)1. allow2. stand in the way4. catching. off his guard6. declaration8. drag on10. bringing.to a halt2. reckoned3. highly5. rapidly7. delivery9. observingII. Translation4. forecasts6. instant8. advantage10. Powerful1. Mr.

13、 Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate .4. Sam, as th

14、e project manager, is decisive, efficient , and accurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, theat the cost ofvillage neighborhood committee decided to close it down 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much gro

15、und. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get

16、bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take agamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather,

17、we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.Unit 2Text AVocabularyI. 1.1) expansion 2) automated5) hazards6) satellite9) bunched10) in the air12) approximately2. 1) send out 2

18、) stand up for5) starting up 6) went through3) vapor 4) take control of7) vibrated 8) magnetic11) got/was stuckin3) pass for 4) were closing in on7) f川 out8) fall into3. 1) incorporates all the latest safety features2) two trees ten feet apart3)awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site4)

19、 the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5) are correlated in all racial groups4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words Blend

20、sKilo kilogramMemo memorandumgym gymnasium satellite lib liberation doc doctor vet veterinarian prep preparatory auto automobile flu influenzaIII. 1. swimming poolMedicare email comsatnewscastskyjackEurodollar brunch telecastOxbridge2. drawing boardmedical care electronic mailcommunicationsnews broa

21、dcastsky hijackEuropean dollarbreakfast and lunch television broadcast Oxford and Cambridge3. enriched Middle English4. disturbing change5. fully developed prototype6. Cannedfoods 7. working population Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze8. puzzling differences1.1) computerized 2) start up5)hazards 6) mo

22、notonous10) decrease 11) calculate3) be poised to7) take control of12) eliminate4) alert8) steer 9) lane13) getting stuck in14) mounted 15) detect16) vapor1) generates enabledmanufacturing II. Translation2.2) related3) revolutionized4)5) opportunities 6) overall7)8) dependent 9) interact10) fataliti

23、es1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in socialproblem.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide

24、 levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transp

25、ortation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most o

26、f traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traff

27、ic jams.Unit 3 Text AContent questions1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was 川 prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore 川 qualified.4. Prepare to win.5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to

28、work on his weakness -backhand court.7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.9. His efforts to make a difference.10. He was offered a ride on a day when Minnesota was hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the internati

29、onal airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.12. Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants.Text Organization1.PartsP

30、aragraphsPart 1 eParas 1- 6Part 2 oParas 7-27Part 3 reeParas 28-31do.2.Main IdeasAn ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.Examples1) Michael Jordan2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the

31、Vietnam veteran.4) a New YorkMake your own tracks in whatever youSuggestions1) Prepare to win.2) Never stop learning.3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does4) Find a way to make a difference. cabdriver.Language Sense Enhancement(1) checked with(5) be right for1.(2) interview (3) gr川(4) cli

32、ppings(6) follow up (7) indicating (8) hand-delivered(9) prepared(10) prospectiveLanguage Focus1. 1.1) rude2) physically3) structure4) made adifference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling7) measurable 8)prospective9) preparations 10) sparkled11) took a crackat 12) partner2.1) go after2) look back at/on3)

33、be put up4) stood for5) build in6) follow up7) be hooked up to 8) closed up3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderella's wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the King s palace3) will be in readers ' hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interv

34、iew.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.4.1) applicants,veteran, the prospective2) From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. behave 2. used to avoid repetition3. Clean 4. get along5. perform/comple

35、te6. perform/complete 7. study 8. beenough 9. be acceptableIII. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, I'll talkabout myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer la

36、nguage can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. I'm going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar in Shanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now

37、, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back from Australia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze 1.(1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8)

38、Respond (9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint(11) make a difference (12) follow up2.(1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice (7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably(10) exhibitII. Translation1.1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency

39、landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we 'll have the

40、 future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the

41、 earthquake-stricken area.2.Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.I have a friend who is e

42、arning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective e

43、mployer as possible don't have much of a chance of success.Unit 4Text AText rganization 1.PartsParagraphsMain IdeasPart OneParas 1-3Introduction to Davos Man and the WorldEconomic ForumPart TwoParas 4-5Debate over the impact of globalization on current society and culturePart ThreeParas 6-8Histo

44、ry of globalization and its recent trends and future prospectsppppPllh Part FourParas. 9-11Globalization versus nationalism and the challenges it faces2.Main Events1. Davos man spends a lot of time in places other than his native country.2. Davos Man sees their identity as a mater of personal choice

45、, not an accident of birth.3. Davos Man believes that globalization, the unimpeded flows of capital, labor and technology across national borders, is both welcome and unstoppable.4. Davos Man sees the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected market-place in which corporations search for the mo

46、st advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services.Vocabulary1.1) advantageous 2) let alone3) witnessing/vanishing5) entitled7) Establishment9) contradictions11) divorced4) landmark6) displace8) patriotic/strengthen10) aspires12) pendulums2. 1) come to2) dozed off3. believed

47、 in4) was set apart5) take in6) sucks in7) clean up8) turn away3.1) For me, it makes no/little difference whether we go there by train or by bus.2)Toyata has overtaken General Motors as the world 's biggest car maker. 3)Shortly after their marriage, Mr. Chambers was at odds with his wife over mo

48、ney matters.4)Henry has been at the forefront of nanotechnology research.5)She doesn 't even know how to boil potatoes, let alone cook a meal.5. a) is increasingly/to accelerate/their investmentb) economy/make an earnest/domestic/strike a balance betweenc) a handful of/be endorsed by/on a large

49、scaleII. Word FormationWTOWorld Trade Organization世界贸易组织GDPGross domestic product国内生产总值ATMAutomated teller machine自动出纳机VATValue-added tax增值税CADComputer-aided design计算机辅助设计ITInformation technology信息技术IDDInternational direct dialing国际直拨 MTVMusic television音乐电视RadarRadio detecting and ranging雷达IOCInter

50、national Olympic Committee国际奥委会VIPVery important person贵宾,大人物LaserLight amplification by stimulated emission of radiation激光CPUCentral processing unit中央处理器111. Usage1. An unusual present, a book on ethics, was given to Henry for his birthday.2. The reason(he gave) that he didn't notice the car ti

51、ll too late wasunsatisfactory.3. Football, his only interest in life, has brought him many friends.4. Cloning had been raised as a possibility decades ago, then dismissed, something that serious scientists thought was simply not going to happen anytime soon.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. acade

52、mics3.a variety of5. vanish7. endorsing9. sweeping aside11. erasing(B)1. aided3.distances5. invested7. prevailing9. volume2. networking4. growth6. facilitate8. outlook10. patriotic12. strike a2.effects4. connected6. features8. qualitatively10. DistinguishingII. Translation1 .) Due to his pessimistic

53、 outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4) Why is it that a consi

54、derable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5) The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.2.Globalization has great implications for young Chinese. For example, young farmers are moving on a large scale to urban areas to look

55、 for jobs. And for those young people who aspire to study abroad or work in foreign-invested enterprises, English has become increasingly important. At the same time, a considerable number of overseas Chinese students have returned home in recent years, for they hold an optimistic outlook for the lo

56、ng-term growth of the Chinese economy. The internet has strengthened the links between Chinese young people and those elsewhere. They follow the latest trend and copy foreign fashions. Some of them don 't seem to care for traditional Chinese virtues, let alone carry them forward, which has given rise to worries that the traditional Chinese culture might one day vanish.Unit 5 TextAoganization 1.PartsPart OneParagraphsParas 1It is no easy to juMei'pedeas, for they aren't always whatthey appear to bePart TwoParas 2-3Kind a