建筑专业英语词汇

1、建筑专业英语词汇a. DESIGNBAS超计依据b. DESIGNSTAGE计阶段c. CLIMATECONDITION象条件d. GENERALROOMNAME用房间名称e. ROOFING&CEILING面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)体(外墙板)g. FLOOR&TRENCH面及地沟h. DOORS、GLASS、WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)1、玻璃、窗及五金件I.STAIRCASE、LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR悌、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDING MATERIAL WORDS AND PHRA材料词汇及短语BricksandTile

2、sW和xxLime,SandandStoned、砂和石Cement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土FacingAndPlasteringMaterials面及粉刷材料Asphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉Timber木材35 / 35MetallicMaterials金属材料Non-FerrousMetal有色金属Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料BuildingHardware建五金Paint油漆k.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS建筑术语Discipline专业ConventionalTerms一般通用名词

3、ArchitecturalPhysics建筑物理NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称Drafting制图a. DESIGNBASHS计依据计划建议书planningproposals设计任务书designorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldata原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignb. STAGEOFDESIGN计阶段方案scheme,dra

4、ft草图sketch会谈纪要summaryofdiscussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图as-builtdrawingc. CLIMATECONDITION象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均)风速maximum(mean)windvelocity风荷载win

5、dload最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricanexxtyphoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall湿球温度wetbulbtemperature干球温度drybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地区regionwithoutheatingp

6、rovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressure相对湿度relativehumidityd. GENERALROOMNAME用房间名称办公室ofice服务用房serviceroom换班室shiftroom休息室restroom(breakroom)起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库garage清洁间cleaningroom会议室（

7、正式）conferenceroom会议室meetingroom衣柜间wardrobe暖风间H.V.A.Croom饭店restaurant餐厅canteen,dingroom厨房kitchenxxentrance接待处receptionarea会计室accountantroom秘书室secretaryroom电气室electricalroom控制室controlroom工长室foremanoffice开关柜室switchgear生产区productionareaxx控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室laboratoryroom经理室managerroom披屋(阁楼)pentho

8、use警卫室guardhousee. ROOFINGANDCEILING面及天棚女儿墙parapetxxcanopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsofbitumastic附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐沟eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof雨水管downspout,rainwaterpipe)(R.W.P)汇水面积catchmentarea泛水flashing内排水interiordrainage外排水exte

9、riordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平层levelingcourse卷材屋面built-uproofing天棚ceiling檩条purlin屋面板roofingboard天花板ceilingboard防水层water-proofcourse检查xxinspectionhole人孔manhole吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling檐板（窗帘盒）cornicef.WALL（CLADDIN堂体（外墙板西专墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙renderedwall石膏

10、板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwallxxbearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙longitudinalwall横墙transversewall外墙external(exterior)wall内墙internal(interior)wall填充墙fillerwall防火墙firewall窗间墙wallbetweenwindow空心墙cavitywall压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层damp-proofcourse(D.P.C遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony

11、伸缩缝expansionjoint沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墙板claddingpanel轻质隔断light-weightpartion牛腿bracket砖烟囱brickchimney勒脚(基座)plinthg. FLOORANDTRENCH面及地沟地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素土夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbackfill垫层beddingcourse,b

12、linding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcourse混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzoflooring硬木花地面hard-woodparqu

13、etflooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸地面acid-resistantfloor钢筋混凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslab(R.CSlab)乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2坡floorwith2%slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppitxxholeupstand电缆沟c

14、abletrenchh. DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden(steel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoor卷帘门rollershutterdoor弹簧门swingdoor推拉门slidingdoorxxside-hungdoor折叠门foldingdoor旋转门revolvingdoor玻璃门glazeddoor密闭门air-Tightdoor保温门thermalinsulatingdoor镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelw

15、iremeshdoor防火门firedoor（大门上的）小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞structuralopening单扇门singledoorxxdoubledoor疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门槛doorsill门过梁doorlintel上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樘侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗(通风为主)sun-bind,louver(louver,s

16、hutter,blind)塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindowxxside-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylightxx窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazing钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcretelintel钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇case

17、mentsash窗台windowsill窗台板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗xxmutin窗边木stile压缝条covermould窗帘盒curtainbox合页(铰链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚铰链parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floorcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wireglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃(磨

18、砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglas曲弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass着色玻璃pigmentedglassxxglasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE,LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair)吊车梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步s

19、tep扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)栏杆railing(balustrade)平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孔栏杆railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)平台landing(platform)操作平台operatingplatform装卸平台platformforloading&unloading楼梯平台stairlanding客梯pas

20、sengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯hydrauliclift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observationelevator电梯机房liftmortarroomliftpitj.xxliftshaftBUILDINGMATERIALWORDSANDPHRASES筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTilesW和xx红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心砖hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖cl

21、inkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,SandandSton歌、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marblexxwhitemarblexxgranite碎石crushedstonexxrubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand细砂finesandCement,

22、MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥（普通硅酸盐水泥）Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆limemortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-limemortar保温砂浆thermalmortar防水砂浆water-proofmortar耐酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar耐碱砂浆alkaline-resistantmortar沥青砂浆bituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemo

23、rtar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete细石混凝土fineaggregateconcrete沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete炉渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials面及粉刷材料水刷石graniticplaster斩假石artificialstone刷浆limewash可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsa

24、ndlimeasbase贲大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewash分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphaltfelt沥青填料asphaltfiller沥青胶泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼脂asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbestosfiberTimber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂sha

25、ke干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板boardxxredpinexxwhitepine落叶松deciduouspinexxsprucexxcypressxxwhitepoplar桦木birchxxfir栎木oak榴木willowxxelm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber胶合板plywood三(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminat

26、edplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢steelbBar方钢squaresteel扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel型钢steelsection(shape)槽钢channel角钢anglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI-beam丁(之)字钢T-bar(Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteel

27、shape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolledxxcold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈钢stainlesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate低碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending钢管steelpipe(tube)无缝钢管seamlesssteelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedste

28、elpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孔金属网expandedmetal锰钢managanesesteel高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteelNon-FerrousMetal有色金属xxgold白金platinum铜copperxxbrass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙ny

29、lon聚氯乙烯PVC(polyvinylchloride聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester橡胶内衬rubberling氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青xxbitumenpaint环氧树脂漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaint耐酸漆acid-resistantpaint耐碱漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilicate树脂砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树脂epoxyresinBuildingHar

30、dware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面钉spiral-threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板钉annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-headscrew螺栓bolt高强螺栓highstrengthbolt预埋螺栓insertbolt胀锚螺栓cinchbolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti-corrosionpaint调和漆mixedpaint无光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish银粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryi

31、ngoil稀释剂thinner焦油tar沥青xxasphaltpaint桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoilxxredlead铅油leadoil腻子puttyk.OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMS建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风H.V.A.C(heating、ventilationandairconditioning)电力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting热力供应heatpowersupply动力mech

32、anicalpower工艺processtechnology管道pingConventionalTerms一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics建筑形式architecturalstyle民用建筑civilarchitecture城市建筑urbanarchitecture农村建筑ruralarchitecture农业建筑farmbuilding工业建筑industrialbuildingheavyindustrial轻工业的lightindustrial古代建筑ancientarchitecture现代建筑modernarchitecture标准化建筑standardizedbuil

33、dings附属建筑auxiliarybuildings城市规划cityplanning厂区内withinsite厂区外offsite封闭式closedtype开敞式opentype半开敞式semi-opentype模数制modularsystem单位造价unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor现场site扩建extension改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic,quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘du

34、st-proof防锈rust-proof车流量trafficvolume货流量freighttrafficvolume人流量pedestrianvolume透视图perspectivedrawing建筑模型buildingmodel建筑物理ArchitecturalPhysics照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunshine天然采光naturallighting光强lightintensity侧光sidelight顶光toplight眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导cond

35、uctionxxsun-shade保温thermalinsulation恒温constanttemperature恒湿constanthumidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音soundabsorption露点dewpoint隔汽vapor-proofNameOfProfessionalrole职务名称项目经理projectmanager(PM)设计经理designmanager首席建筑师principalarchitect总工程师chiefengineer土木工程xxcivilengineer工艺工程师processengineer电气工程师electricalengine

36、er机械工程师mechanicalengineer计划工程师planningengineer助理工程师assistantengineer实习生probationer专家specialist,expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting制图总说明generalspecification工程说明projectspecification采用标准规范目录listofstandardsandspecificationadopted图纸目录listofdrawings平面图plan局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale平面示意图schematicplan

37、of.平剖面图sectionalplanof.留孔平面图planofprovisionofholes剖面section纵剖面longitudinalsection横剖面cross(transverse)section立面elevation正立面frontelevation透视图perspectivedrawing侧立面sideelevation背立面backelevation详图detaildrawings典型节点typicaldetail节点号detailNo.首页frontpage图纸目录及说明listofcontentsanddescription图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图loaddiagram流程示意图flowdiagram标准图standarddrawingxxlayoutof.地形图topographicalmap土方工程图earth-workdrawing展开图developeddrawing模板图formworkdrawing配筋arrangementofreinforcement表格tables工程进度表workingschedule技术经济指标technica