江苏省常州市西夏墅中学高中英语Unit2FitforlifeReading2课件牛津译林版选修7

1、Reading 2Fit for life课件描述：课件描述： 本课件用于本课件用于Reading第二课时，第二课时，通过词汇填空，句子翻译，小组讨通过词汇填空，句子翻译，小组讨论以及小组报告的形式帮助学生掌论以及小组报告的形式帮助学生掌握本课阅读材料中的语言重点难点。握本课阅读材料中的语言重点难点。本课教学在教师讲解过程中穿插学本课教学在教师讲解过程中穿插学生活动达到教学效果。生活动达到教学效果。Unit 2 Reading 2Aspirin is a medicine that was _ in 1897. It has saved and brought relief to millio

2、ns of peoples lives. It is made from a chemical called _ and was first sold as a tablet in 1900. This was the first medicine to be sold as a standardized _. It works by reducing fever and pain. It is now _ for reducing potential heart attacks, strokes and cancer. Many reports have been _ about how a

3、spirin can improve peoples health.published; recommended; ASA; tablet; inventedinventedASAtabletrecommendedpublishedcontemporary; discovered; availablepenicillin is a chemical in mould that was first _ in 1928, but it was not until World War II that penicillin was purified to be used as a medicine.

4、It was needed as soon as it was _ because there were many people injured in the war. It was fundamental to saving many thousands of lives and is one of the most important medicines of _ society.discoveredavailablecontemporaryPhrases1.集中于集中于上上 L12.打开打开 L2 3.很有可能很有可能 L24.挽救挽救的生命的生命 L35. 建议做建议做 L76.由由制

5、成制成 L97.发生发生 L148.以粉末形式以粉末形式 L15focus onopen up There is a high probability thatrecommend doing /recommend sb. to do save ones lifebe made from take placein powder form9.被制成片剂被出售被制成片剂被出售L1610.标准片剂标准片剂L1811.最畅销的止痛药最畅销的止痛药L1912.减少心脏病的减少心脏病的发作发作L2313.进行一项研究进行一项研究L2614.延长人类延长人类寿命寿命L3115.被认为是被认为是L36be so

6、ld as a tabletstandardized tabletbest-selling painkillerreduce the risk of heart attackcarry out a studyincrease the length of peoples livesbe considered to be 16.在当代在当代L3717. 在在上试用某物上试用某物L4118.使使变纯变纯L4519.成功地做成某事成功地做成某事L4720.化学方法化学方法L4821.大量大量L4922. 由于被广由于被广泛使用泛使用L6023.梦想实现梦想实现L5124神奇的药片神奇的药片L59in

7、contemporary societytry sth. out on make it puremanage to do sth.chemical techniques in large quantities due to the widespread use ofa dream come truewonder drug Language points1.The article will focus on two drugs that started a revolution in medicine. focus on: to pay much attention to, focus ones

8、 attention/efforts/energy on / upon sb./sth. 集中（注意力、努力、精力等）于集中（注意力、努力、精力等）于；把；把集中在集中在上；上；focus ones mind/minds on / upon sb./sth 把思想把思想/心思集中在心思集中在上；上；focus ones eyes/gaze on 注视着注视着1. Each exercise_ a different grammar point. 2. In China, scientists have_（努力）（努力）cloning animals, as well as stem cells

9、 to be used in medical research.focuses onfocused on2. If you open up any medicine cupboard or go to medicine counter in the world, it is likely that you will find aspirin and penicillin.open up 打开（门、容器等）；营业，开业；开辟，打开（门、容器等）；营业，开业；开辟，开创，开拓开创，开拓The doorman _（打开）（打开） the school gate at six every mornin

10、g.In this way they _ a favourable situation. opens upopened upIts likely that sb./sth. is likely to do sth. 这趟火车很可能晚点。这趟火车很可能晚点。The train is likely to be late.It is likely that the train will be late.比较：比较：probable: adj. 很可能的，与很可能的，与likely意思意思相近，有时可以互换；相近，有时可以互换；possible的语气稍弱。他们各自的语气稍弱。他们各自的句型如下：的句型

11、如下：Its probable/possible for sb. to do sth.Its probable/possible that probability n. 1. The probability of getting all the answers correct is about one in ten.2. Theres a high/strong probability (that) (= It is very likely that) shell be here.3. Until yesterday, the project was just a possibility, b

12、ut now it has become a real probability.3.Both of these medicines have saved millions of peoples lives and have proved beneficial to mankind since they were invented.adv. 1. 有益的；有利的；有帮助的有益的；有利的；有帮助的(+for/to) 2. 【律律】有权益的；受益的有权益的；受益的 beneficial legacy 有权受益的遗产有权受益的遗产钙对我们的骨骼有益。钙对我们的骨骼有益。 Calcium is bene

13、ficial to our bones. CF: be advantageous to 对对有利有利 be beneficial to 对对有益有益 这两者的区别可以归结为advantageous和beneficial 的区别。advantageous 指在相对的位置上或成功的机会方面给予改善：提供优势的beneficial 意为增进健康，增长经验等；4. Nearly 3,500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves possessing a special chemical to

14、 reduce body pains and fever.vt. 1. 嚼嚼,咀嚼咀嚼,嚼碎嚼碎 He chews gum. 2. 深思深思,细想细想,熟虑熟虑(+over) Ill chew the problem over for a few days. He chewed over the problem for several days before making his decision. 他嚼口香糖。他嚼口香糖。这个问题我会仔细思考几天。这个问题我会仔细思考几天。他对这个问题详细考虑了好多天才作出决定。他对这个问题详细考虑了好多天才作出决定。chew on 1. 咀嚼咀嚼(+on)

15、He was chewing on his meat as he found it hard to swallow. 2. 斟酌，仔细考虑斟酌，仔细考虑He took my offer after chewing on it.仔细考虑后他接受了我的提议。仔细考虑后他接受了我的提议。及物动词及物动词 vt. 1. 拥有，持有；具有；占有拥有，持有；具有；占有W The country possesses rich mineral deposits. 这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。这个国家拥有丰富矿藏。 in the possession of和和in possession of和和take posses

16、sion of有什么区别呢？有什么区别呢？in the possession of 为物做主语，为物做主语， in possession of 为人做主语，为人做主语， take possession of 为人做主语，为人做主语， eg. We are in possession of those buildings. Those buildings are in the possession of us. eg The little boy takes possession of the firm.In the one-year trial, you must work hard and

17、prove your ability. trial (n.) try (v.): a test to see if something is effective or someone is suitable5. The first trials of this medicine took place in 1899 when the company Hoffmann worked for began distributing the medicine in powder form to physicians to use with patients. 1) Clinical trials sh

18、ould be done before a new drug can be put into use.2) The first trial flight has been a great success. 3) They let me have the computer on trial for three months.4) It was by/through trial and error that I learnt most of what I know about gardening.distribute vt. 分配分配; 分给分给; 分送；区分分送；区分; 分类；分布分类；分布;

19、散布散布习惯用语习惯用语distribute.over . 把把配给到（分配到配给到（分配到, , 散布于）散布于）distribute sth. to 把某物分（配把某物分（配, , 发）给发）给distribute sth. among 把某物分（配把某物分（配, , 发）给发）给distribute books among the students 把书分给学生把书分给学生distribute seeds over a field 在田间播种在田间播种distribute books to students 给学生发书给学生发书6.Not only has aspirin proved

20、vital for reducing fever and helping stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with.adv. 1. 生命的生命的;维持生命所必需的维持生命所必需的Growth and decay are vital processes. 生长和衰亡是生命过程。生长和衰亡是生命过程。 2. 充满活力的充满活力的,生气勃勃的生气勃勃的The Chinese I knew were trusting, open, and vital. 我所认识的中国人信赖别人我所认识的中国人信赖别人,坦

21、率坦率,充满活力。充满活力。 3. 极其重要的极其重要的,必不可少的必不可少的(+to/for)The questions put forward at the meeting are of vital importance. 会上提出的那些问题极其重要。会上提出的那些问题极其重要。 4. 致命的致命的;生死攸关的生死攸关的He committed a vital error. 他犯了一个致命的错误。他犯了一个致命的错误。 7. Lawrence Craven, a doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 that aspirin ha

22、d the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, because it helps the blood circulate better.potential潜在的潜在的,可能的可能的 The dispute has scared away potential investors. 这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者。这一争端吓走了潜在的投资者。可能性可能性;潜力潜力,潜能潜能(+for) She has acting potential, but she needs training.Circulate (1)vi. 流行，传播流行，传播Rumo

23、urs began to circulate that the chairman was going to resign.主席打算辞职的谣言开始流传。主席打算辞职的谣言开始流传。(2)散发，散布散发，散布The letter has been circulated to shareholders.这封信已经发到了各个股东手里。这封信已经发到了各个股东手里。(3) vt./vi. (使使)循环；循环；(使使)流通流通a machine designed to circulate warm air为使暖空气环流而设计的机器为使暖空气环流而设计的机器1) The train _ down to ha

24、lf its speed.2) The river _ at the point.3) I couldnt _ her.4) Please _ the milk.5) Nothing _ sooner than a tear.6) Dont _ your hands, children.7) He _ his voice not to wake her.slowednarrowscalmwarmdriesdirtyloweredquiet thin idle empty yellowbusy better wrong greyPlease make sentences with the fol

25、lowing words: 8. and in 1977, a study carried out in the USA showed that the chemical ASA in aspirin could prevent a stroke. Lines26-27carry out; carry away; carry on; carry through; carry off 9. aspirin could reduce the risk of some cancers by 40 per cent. Guess the meaning of each phrase.10. He no

26、ted that a dish in which he was trying to grow bacteria for an experiment looked abnormal. note: notice/write down1) Please note that this shop will be closed on Sundays.2) He keeps a diary to note what happens to him.Guess the meaning of “note (n.)” .11. He immediately thought that the mould might

27、have an application in treating illness caused by bacteria. application (n.)apply (v.)1) Genetic engineering has many applications in agriculture.2) Our university welcomes applications from overseas students.Fill in the blanks.1) Scientific discoveries are often applied _ industrial processes.2) I

28、want to apply _ the boss _ this task.toforto1) The _ of new scientific discoveries to industrial processes often makes jobs easier to do.2) He has developed a number of _ software.3) She put her knowledge of German to good _.4) I want to write a book on modern English _.applicationapplicationuseusag

29、e 12. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.effective 有效的有效的effective resistance 【电电】有效电阻有效电阻take effective measures 采取有效措施采取有效措施The description of the fire is very effective. 对大火的描述对大火的描述极其生动极其生动 efficient有效率的有效率的 ; 能胜任的能胜任的efficient methods 经

30、济而有效的方法经济而有效的方法an efficient manager 称职的经理称职的经理effectual 奏效的奏效的 Quinine is an effectual preventive for malaria. 奎宁是有效的疟疾预防药。奎宁是有效的疟疾预防药。13. And managed to make and test the new drugs in large quantities. Lines48-49Large quantities of goods _ been stored for the winter.large/small quantities of + n. +

31、 pred. pl.a quantity of + /u/ + pred. singLarge quantities of food _ been stored for the winter.A large quantity of beer _ been sold.14. the government approval process for penicillin was accelerated, and mass production was begun in 1944.approval正误用法正误用法人们都喜欢别人赞同自己所做的事情。人们都喜欢别人赞同自己所做的事情。误：We all like others to show approvals of what we do.正：We all like others to show approval of what we do.析：approval(批准，认可，赞同)是不可数名词。我们已得到他的允许可以使用他的汽车。我们已得到