常用物理英语词汇

1、.'物理：移bounce反弹复系数absoluteacceleration绝对angular velocity角速度bound charge束缚电荷coefficientofsliding加速度anion负离子bound electron束缚电子friction 滑动摩擦系数absolute error绝对误差anisotropy各向异性branch circuit支路coefficient系数absolute motion绝对运动annihilation湮没breakdown击穿coherent light相干光源absolutetemperature绝对anode阳极brightn

2、ess亮度coil 线圈温度antenna天线buoyancy force浮力collision碰撞absolute velocity绝对速度applied physics应用物理学calorifics热学component force分力absolute zero绝对零度Archimedesprinciple阿 基camera照相机component velocity分速度absorption吸收米德原理capacitance电容compositionofforces 力的absorptivity吸收率area面积capacitor电容器合成acceleratedmotion加速运argum

3、entation论证capillarity毛细现象compositionofvelocities动argument辐角cathode ray阴极射线速度的合成acceleration of gravity重力astigmatoscope散光镜cathode-raytube阴极射线compression压缩加速度atomic nucleus原子核管concave lens凹透镜acceleration加速度atomic physics原子物理学cathode阴极concave mirror凹面镜accidental error偶然误差atomic spectrum原子 光谱cation 正离子c

4、oncurrent force共点力acoustics声学atomic structure原子结构cell 电池condensation凝结acting force作用力atom原子Celsius scale摄氏温标condenser电容器adjustment调节Atwood ' s machine阿特伍centre of gravity重心conductingmedium导电介aether以太德机centre of mass质心质air pump抽气机average power平均功率centrifugal force离心力conductor导体air table气垫桌average

5、 velocity平均速度centripetalacceleration向conservativeforcefield 保air track气垫导轨Avogadroconstant阿 伏 加心加速度守力场alternatingcurrentcircuit德罗常数centripetal force向心力conservative force保守力交流电路Avogadrolaw阿伏加德罗定chain reaction链式反应constant force恒力alternatingcurrent律chaos 混沌constant常量generator交流发电机balance天平characteristi

6、cspectrum特continuousspectrum连 续alternating current交流电ballistic galvanometer冲击征光谱谱altimeter测高仪电流计charged body带电体convergent lens会聚透镜ammeter安培计band spectrum带状谱charged particle带电粒子convex lens凸透镜amperemeter电流计barometer气压计charge 充电convex mirror凸面镜ampere安培basic quantity基本量circularholediffraction圆coordinate

7、 system坐标系Ampere'sexperiment安培basic units基本单位孔衍射coplanar force共面力实验battery charger电池充电器circular motion圆周运动Corolis force科里奥利力Ampere's force安培力battery,accumulator蓄 电classicalmechanics经典力corpuscularproperty粒 子Ampere's law安培定律池学性amperemeter安培计battery电池组classicalphysics经典物理corpuscular theory微

8、粒说amplitude振幅beam光束学Coulomb force库仑力angle of rotation自转角，转betatron电子感应加速器cloud chamber云室coulomb库仑动角Bohratommodel 玻尔原子coefficientofmaximumCoulomb's law库仑定律angularacceleration角 加模型static friction最大静摩摩系counter计数器速度boiling point沸点数creation产生angulardisplacement角位boiling沸腾coefficient of restitution恢cr

9、eepage漏电; .'crest波峰doubleslitdiffraction双缝spectrum电磁波谱eyepiece目镜critical angle临界角衍射electromagnetismfar sight远视critical resistance临界电阻driving force驱动力inductionphenomenon电Faradaycylinder法拉第圆criticaltemperature临界温dry cell干电池磁感应现象筒度echo 回声electromagnet电磁体Faradaylawofcrystal晶体eddy current涡流electromet

10、er静电计electromagneticinductioncurrent density电流密度effective value有效值electromotive force电动势法拉第电磁感应定律current element电流元elastic body弹性体electron电子Faraday'slawofcurrent source电流源elastic force弹性力electron beam电子束electromagneticinduct法current strength电流强度elasticity弹性electron cloud电子云拉第电磁感应定律curvilinear mo

11、tion曲线运动electric charge电荷electron microscope电子显farad 法拉 ( 电容的单位 )cyclotron回旋加速器electric circuit电路微镜film interference薄膜干涉damped vibration阻尼振动electric corona电晕electron volt电子伏特final velocity末速度damping阻尼electric energy电能electroscope验电器first cosmic velocity第一宇Daniell cell丹聂耳电池electric field电场electrostat

12、ic equilibrium静宙速度data processing数据处理electricfieldintensity电场电平衡fission裂变data 数据强度electrostatic induction静电fixed-axisrotation定 轴 转decay衰变electric field line电场线感应动definition of ampere安培的electric flux电通量electrostaticscreening静flotation balance浮力秤定义electric leakage漏电电屏蔽fluid流体defocusing散集electric neutr

13、ality电中性elementarycharge 基本 电focal length焦距density密度electric potential电位，电势荷，元电荷focusing调焦，聚焦derived quantity导出量electric potential differenceenergy能量focus焦点derived unit导出单位电位差，电势差energy level能级force力dielectric电介质electric potential energy电equilibrium平衡forced vibration受迫振动diffraction pattern衍射图样位能equi

14、libriumcondition平 衡fractal分形diffraction衍射electric power电功率条件free charge自由电荷diffuse reflection漫反射electric quantity电量equilibriumofforces力的free electron自由电子digital timer数字计时器electrification起电平衡free period自由周期dimensional exponent量纲electrification by friction摩equilibriumposition平衡位freezing point凝固点指数擦起电置

15、frequency频率dimension量纲electrified body带电体equilibrium state平衡态friction force摩擦力diode二级管electrode电极equivalent source theoremfusion聚变diopter屈光度electrolysis电解等效电源定理galvanometer电流计direct current, DC直流electrolyte电解质erect image正像gas 气体direct impact正碰electromagneticdampingerror误差general physics普通物理学directme

16、asurement直 接电磁阻尼ether以太generator发电机测量electromagneticinductionevaporation蒸发good conductor良导体discharge放电电磁感应excitation激发gravitation引力disorder无序electromagneticradiationexcitation state激发态gravity重力dispersion色散电磁辐射experiment实验gravitationalpotentialdisplacement位移electromagnetic wave电磁experimentalphysics实验

17、energy重力势能divergent lens发散透镜波物理学gravity field重力场Doppler effect多普勒效应electromagneticwaveexternal force外力ground earth接地; .'ground state基态时速度lawofconservationof感应通量ground wire地线instrument仪器angular momentum角动量magneticinduction磁感应hadron强子insulatedconductor绝缘导守恒定律强度half life period半衰期体lawofconservation

18、ofmagneticinductionline磁heat热insulatingmedium绝 缘 介energy 能量守恒定律感应线heat transfer传热质lawofconservationofmagnetic material磁性材料henry亨利insulator绝缘体mass质量守恒定律magnetic needle磁针hertz 赫兹 ( 频率的单位 )intensity of sound声强lawofconservationofmagnetic pole磁极Hooke law胡克定律interference干涉mechanicalenergy机械能magnetics磁学hum

19、idity湿度interferencefringe干 涉 条守恒定律magnetism磁学hydrogen氢原子纹lawofconservationofmagnetization磁化hypothesis假设interference pattern干涉图momentum动量守恒定律magnet磁体ice point冰点样lawofelectricchargemagnification放大率ideal gas理想气体interferometer干涉仪conservation电荷守恒定律magnifier放大镜，放大器image像internal energy内能Le Syst ème I

20、nternational dmanometer流体压强计image distance像距internal force内力 Unitès国际单位制 (SI)mass 质量image height像高internal resistance内阻lead导线mass defect质量亏损imaging成像intonation声调length长度mass-energyequation质imperfect inelastic collisioninverted image倒像lens透镜能方程非完全弹性碰撞invisible light不可见光lens formula透镜公式matter物质im

21、pulse冲量ion beam离子束Lenz's law楞次定律matter wave物质波incident angle入射角ionization电离lepton轻子Maxwell's equations麦克斯incident ray入射线irreversibleprocess不可逆Light ray光线韦方程组indirect measurement间接过程light source光源mean speed平均速率测量isobaric process等压过程light wave光波mean velocity平均速度induced electric current感isobar等

22、压线lightning rod避雷针measurement测量应电流isochoricprocess等体积过light光mechanical energy机械能inducedelectricfield感应程line spectrum线状谱mechanicalmotion机械运电场isothermal等温线lines of current电流线动induction current感应电流isothermalprocess等温过linesofforceof electricmechanicalvibration机 械inductionelectromotive程field电力线振动force感应电

23、动势isotope同位素liquefaction液化mechanics力学induction motor感应电动机isotropy 各向同性liquefaction point液化点medium介质inertia惯性joule焦耳（功的单位）liquid液体melting fusion熔化inertial force惯性力Joule heat焦耳热longitudinal wave纵波melting point熔点inertial system惯性系Joule law焦耳定律loop回路metre rule米尺infrared ray红外线Joule' law焦耳定律Lorentz f

24、orce洛仑兹力microdetector灵敏电流计infrasonic wave次声波Kepler law开普勒定律luminousintensity发 光 强micrometercaliper螺旋测initial phase初位相kinematics运动学度微器initial velocity初速度kinetic energy动能magnetic field磁场microscope显微镜input输入Laplace'sequation拉 普 拉magneticfieldintensity磁microscopic particle微观粒instantaneouspower瞬 时斯方程

25、场强度子功率laser激光，激光器magnetic field line磁场线mirror reflection镜面反射instantaneousvelocity瞬law 定律magneticinductionflux磁mirror镜; .mixedunitsystem混合单位制modern physics现代物理学molar volume摩尔体积molecular spectrum分子光谱molecularstructure分子结构moment of force力矩momentumofelectromagneticfield 电 磁场的动量momentum动量motor电动机multimet

26、er多用电表musical quality音色N pole北极natural frequency固有频率natural light自然光negative charge负电荷negative crystal负晶体negative ion负离子negative plate负极板network网络.'Oersted'sexperiment奥斯完全非弹性碰撞projector投影仪特实验periodicity周期性proton质子ohm欧姆period周期pulley滑轮Ohm law欧姆定律periscope潜望镜pulley block滑轮组ohmmeter欧姆计permanent

27、 magnet永磁体quantity of heat热量Ohm's law欧姆定律permittivityof vacuum 真quantization量子化open circuit开路空介电常数quantum量子optical bench光具座permittivity电容率quantum mechanics量子力opticalcentreoflens透镜phase位相学光心phenomenon现象quantum number量子数optical fiber光导纤维photocurrent光电流radar雷达optical glass光学玻璃photoelectric cell光电管r

28、adioactive source放射源optical instrument光学仪器photoelectriceffect光电效radius of gyration回旋半径optical lever光杠杆应random motion无规则运动optical path difference光程photoelectron光电子range量程差photography照相术rated voltage额定电压optical path光程 (路)photon光子reacting force反作用力opticallydensermediumphysical balance物理天平real image实像光密

29、介质physical quantity物理量real object实物opticallythinnermediumphysics物理学reasoning推理光疏介质piezometer压强计recoil反冲optics光学pitch音调rectilinear motion直线运动orbit轨道Planck constant普朗克常量reference frame参考系，坐order有序plasma等离子体标系neutralization中和oscillograph示波器point charge点电荷reference system参考系neutron中子output输出polarization

30、偏振reflected angle反射角newton牛顿（力的单位）overweight超重polarized light偏振光reflected ray反射线Newton first law牛顿第一定parallelconnectionofpolycrystal多晶体reflectioncoefficient反 射律condensers电容器的并联poor conductor不良导体系数Newtonsecondlaw牛顿第parallelogramrule平 行 四positive charge正电荷reflection law反射定律二定律边形定律positive crystal正晶体re

31、flectivity反射率Newtonthirdlaw 牛顿第三parallel-resonancecircuitpositive ion正离子refracted angle折射角定律并联谐振电路positive plate正极板refracted ray折射线nonequilibriumstate非 平parameter参量positron正电子refraction law折射定律衡态particle质点，粒子potential energy势能refractioncoefficient折 射north pole北极Pascal law帕斯卡定律potentiometer电位差计系数nucl

32、eus force核力path路程power 功率refractive index折射率nucleus of condensation凝peak峰值pressure压强，压力relative acceleration相对加结核pendulum摆primary coil原线圈速度object 物penumbra半影principleofconstancyofrelative error相对误差object distance物距perfect conductor理想导体light velocity光速不变原理relative motion相对运动object height物高perfectelas

33、tic collision完prism 棱镜relative velocity相对速度objective物镜全弹性碰撞projectile抛体relativity相对论observation观察perfectinelasticcollisionprojectile motion抛体运动resistance电阻; .resistance box电阻箱resistivity电阻率resistor电阻器resolution of force力的分解resolutionofvelocity速度的分解resonance共振，共鸣resonantfrequency共振频率resultant force合力

34、resultant velocity合速度reversibility of optical path光路可逆性reversible process可逆过程rheostat变阻器right-hand screw rule右手螺旋定则rocker 火箭rotatingmagneticfield旋转磁场rotation自转，转动Rutherfordscattering卢瑟福散射Rutherford-particlescattering experiment卢瑟福 散射实验S pole 南极saturation饱和scalar 标量scalar field标量场scanner扫描器second cos

35、mic velocity第二宇宙速度selective absorption选择吸收self-inducedelectromotive敏电流计sensitivity灵敏度sensitometer感光计sensor传感器seriesconnectionofcondensers电容器的串联series-resonance circuit串联谐振电路short circuit短路short sight近视shunt resistor分流电阻significant figure有效数字simpleharmonicmotion(SHM)简谐运动simple harmonic wave简谐波simple

36、pendulum单摆singlecrystal（ monocrystal ） 单晶体single slit diffraction单缝衍射sinusoidalalternatingcurrent简谐交流电sinusoidal current正弦式电流sliding friction滑动摩擦slit 狭缝solar cell太阳能电池solenoid螺线管solidification凝固solidifying point凝固点solid 固体solution溶液solvation溶解sonar声纳sound source声源.'论加定律specificheatcapacity比热supe

37、rsaturation过度饱和容supersonic speed超声速spectacles眼镜supersonic wave超声波spectral analysis光谱分析supplytransformer电源变spectral line光谱线压器spectrograph摄谱仪surface resistance表面电阻spectrography摄谱学switch开关spectroscopy光谱学systemofconcurrentspectrum光谱forces共点力系speed 速率system of particles质点系spherical mirror球面镜system of uni

38、ts单位制spontaneousradiation自systematic error系统误差发辐射telescope望远镜spring balance弹簧秤temperature温度stability稳定性tension张力stabilizedcurrentsupplythe law of gravity万有引力稳流电源定律stabilizedvoltagesupplytheorem原理稳压电源theoremofkineticenergystandardatmospheric动能定理pressure标准大气压theoremofmomentum动standard cell标准电池量定理stand

39、ing wave驻波theoreticalphysics理 论 物static friction静摩擦理学stationary state定态theory理论steady current恒定电流thermal capacity热容量steady current source恒流thermal equilibrium热平衡源thermal motion热运动steady voltage source恒压thermal transmission传热源thermodynamicscale ofsteam point汽点temperature 热力学温标stiffness劲度系数thermodynamicstimulated radiation受激辐temperature热力学温度射thermometer温度计stop watch停表thermometric scale温标force自感电动势self-inductance自感se