新概念英语第二册自学必备Lesson-56

1、Lesson 56 Faster than sound!【New words and expressions】sound n. 声音 excitement n. 激动，兴奋handsome adj. 漂亮的；美观的 Rolls-Royce 罗尔斯-罗伊斯Benz n. 奔驰 wheel n. 轮子explosion n. 爆炸，轰响 course n. 跑道；行程rival n. 对手 speed v. 疾驶downhill adv. 下坡sound n. 声音 n. 声音sound n. 任何声音都可以 voice n. 人的声音noise n. 和周围不和谐的声音, 躁音 v. 听起来 a

2、dj. 合理的（等于reasonable adj.合理的, 有道理的, 通情达理的, 讲道理的）I have a piece of sound advice. 我有一个合理的建议。soundly adj. 香甜的sleep soundlyexcitement n. 激动, 兴奋to one's excitement 令某人激动的是The most exciting thing is that 最令人激动的是The most surprising thing about it is that 最令人惊讶的事情是It excited me that 让我激动的是handsome adj.

3、漂亮的, 美观的handsome adj. 形容男孩, 英俊, 一般与男孩子连如handsome 与人连用有阳刚的美，与物相连表示美观大方，并表示制作精良；handsome跟女性连用的时候就表示这个女孩子有阳刚气，类似女侠的概念Your husband is handsome.beautiful 形容人的时候表示内在和外在美的统一, 完美的概念You look beautiful.Flowers are beautiful.Picture is beautiful.pretty adj. 美丽(用于女孩或小孩)，有柔美的意思pretty跟男性连用就表示没有阳刚气，女性化Your wife is

4、 pretty.pretty boy / pretty girl / pretty womannice adj. 美好的(人，天气, 食物, 物品的品质等)You are nice. 你长得不错lovely adj. 可爱的This is a lovely story. 这是一个可爱的故事good-looking adj. 很好看的smart adj. 小巧而美丽的(物)或时髦而美丽的(人)She is smart.cute adj.漂亮, 常用来形容小孩The baby is cute.What a cute baby! 多漂亮的宝宝啊!How cute you are! 你多漂亮啊!(可爱

5、啊!)explosion n. 爆炸, 轰响explosive n. 爆炸物,炸药；adj. 爆炸(性)的, 爆发(性)的, 暴露explode vt. 使爆炸；vi. 爆炸, 爆发, 破除, 推翻, 激发bomb n. 炸弹；vt. 投弹于, 轰炸The bomb exploded.course n. 跑道，行程 n. 跑道，行程on the course 按照轨道运行 off course 偏离轨道of course 当然 n. 课程This term, I took/take seven courses. 这学期我学了七门课rival n. 对手competition n. 竞争, 竞赛

6、The person who takes part in the petitor n. 竞争者, 对手opposite n. 相反的事物；adj. 相对的, 对面的, 对立的, 相反的, 对等的, 对应的 opponent n. 对手, 反对者(持反对意见的人, 如辩论赛上的和政治上的)enemy n. 敌人 rival adj. 势均力敌的；n. 势均力敌的对手speed（sped，sped） v. 疾驶 v. 疾驶，急行The police car sped past us.The two men sped out of the room. n. 速度at t

7、he speed of 以的速度The car goes at the speed of 40 miles an hour / at 40 miles an hour.在车后的3 speed/4 speed表示档位speed up 速度的增加, 加速； slow down 减速blow up 风力的增加downhill adv. 下坡downstairs 下楼； upstairs 上楼go down stairs下楼 go down hill 下山downtown n.&adj.&adv. 市中心的商业区（反意uptown远离商业区）I'll go to the dow

8、ntown.Once a year, a race is held for old cars. A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began. One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost. The most unusual car was a Benz which had only three wheels. Built in 1885, it wa

9、s the oldest car taking part. After a great many loud explosions, the race began. Many of the cars broke down on the course and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them! A few cars, however, completed the race. The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour - much faster th

10、an any of its rivals. It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had a lot of trouble trying to stop it. The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure. It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.【课文讲解】1、Once a year, a race is held for old cars.=Old car race is hel

11、d once a year.once +表示时间的名词每一次The postman calls once a day.be held for 比赛为而举行2、A lot of cars entered for this race last year and there was a great deal of excitement just before it began.enter for 报名参加a great deal of +不可数名词大量的There was/is a great deal of excitement. 人们非常激动a great number of +可数名词a gr

12、eat many +可数名词a large amount of +不可数名词just before =just 起强调作用3、One of the most handsome cars was a Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost.one of 直接作主语的时候, 它是做单数看待的One of the answers is ture.One of those people is good.如果在定语从句中出现了one of作为先行词，它后边的关系代词指代的是后面的复数名词；如果在one of前面还有一修饰词only，那么后边的关系代词将指代one这个词，才作单数看He is t

13、he only one of those rare people who believes in ancient myths.4、Built in 1885, it was the oldest car taking part.The car was built in 1885.taking part 理解为taking part (in the race)5、After a great many loud explosions, the race began.after explosions 许多爆炸声之后6、Many of the cars broke down on the course

14、 and some drivers spent more time under their cars than in them!many cars 许多车子；many of the cars 车子当中的许多many students许多学生；many of my students我教过的许多学生some pictures一些照片；some of the pictures 那些照片中的一些break down 车子抛锚，（机械等）出故障，出毛病This morning I was late for work, because my car broke down twice.under the c

15、ar 指在车下面修理；in the car 指正常驾驶。句中的under 和in都是斜体，英文中的斜体字起强调作用spent more time under their cars than in them.他们花在车下的时间比在车里的时间还多7、The winning car reached a speed of forty miles an hour - much faster than any of its rivals.the wining car 获胜车a speed of +数量词速度为You must have been driving at a speed of seventy

16、miles an hour.much faster 快得多；a little faster 快一点any of its rivalsany rival 任何一个any 在比较级中一旦出现, 它往往要加可数名词的单数Beijing is bigger than any other city. （注意“other不能丢）如果是不定代词, 可以说someone else, anyone else；如果不是不定代词, 要在名词前加other.any other competitor8、It sped downhill at the end of the race and its driver had

17、a lot of trouble trying to stop it.at the end of 在的末尾/最后部分He spoke a few words at the end of the meeting.have trouble (in) doing sth. 干有麻烦，做很困难（trouble 既可数又不可数）They had some trouble finding out the cause of the fire.9、The race gave everyone a great deal of pleasure.give sb.+n. 给某人 give sb. pleasureI

18、t will give sb. a great deal of pleasure.=There was a great deal of excitement.give sb. a fright 吓了某人一跳give sb. a surprise 给某人一个惊喜10、It was very different from modern car races but no less exciting.modern car race 现代车赛be different from 和不同no more 和no less都表示“和一样”, 相当于only, the sameThere are no more

19、than 100 students. 这个房间仅有一百个学生。no less exciting 一样的激动no more than you 和你一样表示“和不相同”用not more= more；not less= lessnot less exciting 更令人激动【Letter writing】常用开头语：I am sorry it has taken me so long to write, butI was glad to hear from you at last and to learn that【Key structures】比较关系的句型asas 和一样；the same (

20、) as 与相同/同样Youve made the same mistake as Tom.有时the same可以单独使用：My mother is much younger than yours.She isnt! Theyre about the same age.Those two dress are the same.not soas / not asas 不如；different from 与不同（different 前面可加very，much，a little等修饰语）Is French food very different from Italian food?A French

21、man could tell you better than I can!Were planning something different this year from what we did last year.litte和few在口语中多用not much，not many代替：There isnt much sugar/arent many sweets, but you can have a little/few.much 和many 通常用于否定句和疑问句（正式文体除外）。在日常谈话中，通常避免在肯定句中使用much和many，而用别的数量词。口语中用得最多的表示“许多”的数量词是

22、a lot of，它既可以与复数可数名词连用也可以与不可数名词连用，后面的动词用单数还是复数取决于名词。比a lot of正式一些的表达方式有：a great/good deal of+不可数名词，a great/good/large number of+复数名词，a great/good many of+复数名词。在 what 引导的感叹句中不用much/many： What a lot of sweets Toms bought! I am less lucky. 我还不如他们幸运.more exciting 更激动= not less exciting.【Special difficul

23、ties】Handsome, Beautiful, Pretty, Good-lookinghandsome adj. 漂亮的，英俊的，一般用来形容男子，也可以指东西的制作精良beautiful adj. 美丽的，给人美感的，令人愉悦的，完美的，强调内在和外在的结合，用来形容女子、孩童、花草、服饰等，一般不用来形容男子的长相pretty adj. 漂亮的，可爱的，令人怜爱的，强调女孩和小孩的外表美丽good-looking adj. 好看的，标致的，美貌的，男女均适用My furniture is good-looking.Reach and Arrive in/atreach vt. 到达，

24、达到（适用的范围比较广，不仅仅限于地点）When you reach my age, youll be able to understand it.Can you get that book down for me please? I cant reach it.arrive vi. 到达，抵达在表示到达某个较大的地方时用arrive in，到达某个较小的地方/场所用arrive atWhen I arrived at the station, the train had already gone.Take part and Take placetake part (in) 参加，参与I di

25、dnt take part in their conversation.It was the lodest car taking part.take placehappen 发生，进行，举行What happened? = What took place?All these took place before you were born.The Olympic Games will take place in our country in four years time.【Multiple choice questions】3 A lot of cars entered for this ra

26、ce. There were_c_ cars in it.a. much b. lot of c. lots of d. plentymuch 修饰不可数；lot of 不存在这种结构；plenty of 固定搭配lots of = a lot of4 _c_ in 1885, so it was the oldest car in the race.a. It built b. Built c. It was built d. Having built一个简单句只有一个主语+一个动词, 如果出现了两个动词, 那么用and，but，so等连接；变成带有从句和主句的复合句；留一个作主干, 剩下的

27、动词变为非谓语动词；有介词短语替代动词概念, 如: the boy in black5 It was the oldest car taking part. There wasn't _a_one.a. an older b. the oldest c. an elder d. the eldestelder 意为“年长的”，一般作定语用，不用作比较not +比较级=最高级6 It reached a speed of forty miles an hour. It c_forty miles an hour.a. ran b. ran with c. went at d. drove

28、 with用于“速度” 的介词只有“at”12 It went faster than any of its rivals. It went faster than its _c_.a. opponents b. enemies c. competitors d. partnersopponent 两个持相反观点的对手partner 伙伴, 搭档(合作关系的伙伴)从下玩到大的伙伴用: friend 或company 1. c 根据课文第一句和最后一句Once a year, a race is held for old cars. It was very different from mode

29、rn car races but no less exciting 可以推测只有c. All the cars were old是汽车比赛不寻常之处，其他3个选择虽然都是课文所提及的内容也与汽车比赛有关，但它们都不能清楚表明汽车比赛为什么不寻常。2. a 课文第8行A few cars, however, completed the race 只有a. but only a few completed the course 与课文相符，其他3个选择都与课文的实际情况不符。3. c 只有c. lots of 与前一句中的 A lot of (很多)的意思相同，所以应该选c。 a. much 不能

30、修饰可数名词；b. lot of 不是正确的表达方式，应该是a lot of 或者lots of ； d. plenty (充足)， plenty of 是一个短语，表示“足够的”，而且这个短语也不符合题目意思。4. c 选c. It was built 句子意思完整，符合语法，这是一个用连词so连接，表示结果的并列句，因此前半句就应该是一个有主谓结构的句子，只有c. It was built 是一个意思比较完整的并含有主谓的句子。 而其他3个选择意义都不完整，不能成为独立句。5. a 该句需要选一个同前一句中的形容词意思相同的比较级形式。b. the oldest 和 d. the eldest 都是最高级，可以排除；a. an older (较旧的)和c. an elder (较年长的)都是比较级，但只有a. an older 是前一句总的形容词的最高级the oldest 的比较级形式，所以选a.6. c 只有c. went at最符语法和习惯用法。因为表示“以什么速度运行”可以用to go at + some miles an hour. 所以went at forty miles an hour 与前一句中的r