英语倒装句语法素材教学文稿

1、InversionInversion第一页，共36页。 在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语是主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了语法结构的需要，或者是为了强调法结构的需要，或者是为了强调(qing (qing dio)dio)，谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语，谓语的全部或一部分却提到主语前面，这种语序叫做倒装。前面，这种语序叫做倒装。 倒装可分为倒装可分为a.a.全部倒装全部倒装 b. b.部分倒装部分倒装 倒装倒装(do zhun) (do zhun) (Inversion):(Inversion):第二页，共36页。、部分谓语（情态动词、

2、助动词、连系、部分谓语（情态动词、助动词、连系动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语动词）在前，谓语的主体部分仍在主语(zhy)之之后的句子，叫部分倒装句。后的句子，叫部分倒装句。Only then did he realize that he was wrong.英语英语(yn y)倒装句分为两倒装句分为两种：种：、整个谓语在前的句子，、整个谓语在前的句子，叫完全倒装。叫完全倒装。Here comes the car.第三页，共36页。Inversion(倒装句倒装句)若有主从句，哪句倒装。部分(b fen)倒装还是完全倒装。第四页，共36页。A. 完全完全(wnqun)倒装倒装There be

3、 +There be +主语主语(zhy)(zhy)There livedThere lived an old man in the mountain. an old man in the mountain.There stoodThere stood an old tree front of the house an old tree front of the houseThereThere still still existexist some problems some problems 1.第五页，共36页。2. here/there/now/then + vi. +主语主语(zhy)

4、 out/in/up/down/away 在句首，表强调在句首，表强调eg: 1. Here comes the bus. There goes the bell. Now comes your turn. Out went the children.注：代词做主语注：代词做主语(zhy)时，主谓语序不变时，主谓语序不变Here you are.Here it is.In he comes. 副词副词 + 动词动词(dngc)+ 主语主语 副词副词 + 代词代词+ 动词动词第六页，共36页。3. 句首状语为表示句首状语为表示(biosh)地点的介词词组。地点的介词词组。eg: From the

5、 valley came a frightening sound. South of the city lies a big steel factory. 介词介词(jic)短语短语 + 谓语谓语 + 主语主语谓语谓语(wiy)通常是通常是be , stand, sit , lie 等动词。等动词。4. 直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。直接引语的全部或一部分在句首时。l“Do you think my clothes fit well?” asked the emperor. Mr smith said Mary,“ May I borrow your pen?注意：注意：主语是代词时，不用倒

6、装。主语是代词时，不用倒装。“Where are you going?” he asked.第七页，共36页。5. 表语表语(bioy)置于句首。置于句首。 形容词形容词+系动词系动词(dngc)+主语主语 Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests. 2) 过去分词过去分词+系动词系动词(dngc)+主语主语 Gone are the days. 3) 介词短语介词短语+be+主语主语 Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers and toys.第八页，共3

7、6页。6. 为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，为为了保持句子平衡或为了强调表语或状语，为 了使上下文紧密了使上下文紧密(jnm)衔接。衔接。a. Inside the Pyramids are the burial rooms for the kings and queens.b. They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of which sat a small boy.第九页，共36页。B. 部分部分(b fen)倒倒装装用于疑问句用于疑问句 Do you understand it?2. 用于省略用于省略if的虚拟语气条件的虚拟语气条件(tiojin

8、)状语从句。状语从句。 Had you received your lessons, you might have passed the exam. Were I to do the work, I should do it some other way. Should I be free tomorrow, I could go with you.第十页，共36页。3. adj./n./v. +as 引导引导(yndo)的让步状语从句的让步状语从句Try as he would, he might fail again.Pretty as she is, she is not clever.

9、=Though she is pretty, she is not clever.Child as he was, he had to make a living.= Though he was a child, he had to make a living.4. So, Nor, Neither开头开头(ki tu)的句子，表示重复前句部分的句子，表示重复前句部分 内容，谓语时态，形式与前句一致。内容，谓语时态，形式与前句一致。He has been to Beijing. So have I .Peter cant answer the question. Neither can I .

10、 so / nor / neither + 助动词助动词/情态情态(qngti)动词动词/ 系动词系动词+ 主语主语单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词单数可数名词作表语提前不用冠词第十一页，共36页。当前面的句子中主语、谓语当前面的句子中主语、谓语(wiy)或肯否定形式不同或肯否定形式不同时，时， 则用则用so it is with.句型来表示。句型来表示。 Tom likes singing, but he doesnt like dancing. So it is with Mary.Tom is clever and he studies hard. So it is with Mary.如

11、果后一个如果后一个(y )句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的句子只是单纯的重复前面句子的意思，则不倒装。意思，则不倒装。“It is hot today.” “So it is.”“He finished it on time.” “So he did.”第十二页，共36页。5.用于用于no soonerthan; hardlywhen（只倒主句，主句一般用过去完成时而从句（只倒主句，主句一般用过去完成时而从句(cn j)用过去时。）用过去时。）,not until （只倒主句）（只倒主句） 句型中。句型中。 Not until the teacher came did he finish his

12、work. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang. Hardly had I sat when he stepped in.第十三页，共36页。6. never, hardly, seldom, scarcely(几乎几乎(jh)不不), barely, little, often, at no time, not only （只倒前面）（只倒前面）等词放在句首。等词放在句首。Little did he know who the woman was.Never shall I do this again.Not only is b

13、etter education important for improving ourselves but also it is important for developing our society.但是当连接但是当连接(linji)主语时不倒装主语时不倒装 Not only he but also I have kept the secret.第十四页，共36页。7. 用于用于only开头的句子；开头的句子；(修饰副词，介词短语或修饰副词，介词短语或 状语从句）状语从句）,主句主句(zh j)要倒装。要倒装。Only this afternoon did I finish the nov

14、el.Only in this way can you master English.Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.注：注：only 修饰修饰(xish)主语时，不倒主语时，不倒装装. Only he can do this work.第十五页，共36页。8.sothat/ suchthat中中 so+ adj./adv或或such提提前前(tqin)到句首时，此部分用倒装语序到句首时，此部分用倒装语序. So loudly did he speak that even people in the next

15、room could hear him. In such a hurry did he leave that he forget to lock the door.9.9.在以在以often, always, once, many a time, often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every other day, now and then, every other day, 等作状语等作状语(zhungy)(zhungy)的频度副词位于句首时。的频度副词位于句首时。Often did I speak of him before.Ma

16、ny a time has he helped me with my experiment.第十六页，共36页。Look at the following sentences 1. We will not be able to improve the situation until we know more. - Not until we know more will we be able to improve the situation. 2. Chinas then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fai

17、rness in the world was among the speakers. - Among the speakers was Chinas then Premier Zhu Rongji, who stressed the need for equality and fairness in the world. 第十七页，共36页。3.We wont have enough drinking water until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers.4. Sustainable development can be possible onl

18、y with international cooperation. 5. We seldom think of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference. - Not until we stop polluting our lakes and rivers will we have enough drinking water. - Only with international cooperation can sustainable development be possible. - Seldom do we thin

19、k of the small changes that we can do to make a big difference. 第十八页，共36页。 6. We can save the earth only by changing the way we live. Only by changing the way we live can we save the earth. 7. The Earth Summit is not only a place to talk about problems, but also a place to find solutions for the fut

20、ure. Not only is the Earth Summit a place to talk about problems, but also a place to find solutions for the future.第十九页，共36页。 强强 化化 练练 习习 1 _the plane.A Down flying B Down was flying C Down flew D Flew down 2 Under a big tree _,half asleep.A did sat a fat man B a fat man sat C did a fat man sat D s

21、at a fat manCD第二十页，共36页。3. She plays the piano very well._. A So every one of us does B Every one of us does C So does every one of us D So do every one of us 4. Never _such a wonderful place as Hangzhou. A are hanging B had I seen C I have seen D have I seen CD第二十一页，共36页。5. Not only _a promise, but

22、 also he kept it. A has he made B does he make C he made D did he make6. Not until he got off the bus _that he had got his wallet stolen.A he found B did he find C he had found D had he found7. Only in this way _progress in your English. A you make B can you make C you be able to make D will you abl

23、e to makeDBB第二十二页，共36页。8. _and caught the mouse. A Up the cat jumped B The cat up jumped C Up jumped the cat D Jumped up the cat9. -Where is your father? -Oh,_. A here he comes B he here comes C here does he come D here comes heCA第二十三页，共36页。10._in which they had came to the island. A Nearby were two

24、 canoes B Nearby two canoes were C Were two canoes nearby D Two canoes nearby were 11. The door opened and there _. A enters an old man B entered an old man C did an old man enter D an old man enteredAB第二十四页，共36页。12. Little _ when I took the trip and _ did my brother.A have I known; so B had I know;

25、neitherC do I know; so D did I know; neither13. Was it not _ you arrived at his house _ you discovered that he was on holiday?A when; that B until; did C until; that D when;didDC第二十五页，共36页。14. Many a time _ to see me while _ in hospital.A did he come; was I B did he come; I wasC he came; was I D he

26、was; I was15 .Now and then _ up to see what happened.A did he wake B he wake C he wakes D he did wake16. She is not fond of cooking,_ I. A so am B nor am C neither do I D nor do17. Early in the morning _ the news _ the Chinese Team defeated the Japanese Team.A comes; what B. came; thatC comes; that

27、D came; whatBABB第二十六页，共36页。18. At the foot of the mountain_.A lie a beautiful lake B does a beautiful lake lieC lies a beautiful lake D do a beautiful lake lie19. At no time _ his personal interest first.A should a communist placeB. a communist should placeC a communist placeD does a communist place

28、CA第二十七页，共36页。20. On the wall _two large portraits. A are hanging B hanged C hang D hangs 21.Not once _their plan. A did they change B they changed C changed they D they did changed 22. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _so happy! (NMET2000春季春季(chnj) A.did I feel B.I felt C.I ha

29、d felt D.had I feltCAD第二十八页，共36页。23.Little _about his own safety,though he was in great danger himself.(上海上海1994) A. does he care B. did he care C. he cares D. he cared24. Not only _ polluted but _ crowded. (上海上海1991) A. was the city;were the streets B.the city was;were the streetsC.was the city;the

30、 streets were D.the city was;the streets wereBC第二十九页，共36页。25._ for the free tickets,I would not have gone to the films so often.(上海上海1995) AIf it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not26.So _ that no fish can live in it.(上海上海1992) A.the lake is shallow B.shallow the lake is C.shal

31、low is the lake D.is the lake shallow27. Not a single song _at yesterdays party.(上海上海2000) A she sang B sang she C did she singCCC第三十页，共36页。28.Hardly_ when it began to rain.A had he arrived B arrived heC he had arrived D did he arrive29.Mr. Smith promised to help me and_ the next day.A neither he di

32、d B so he didC neither did he D so did heAB30.Not until the bell rang_in.A do they come B came theyC did they come D they cameC第三十一页，共36页。31. Only in this way _ this Maths problem. A. you can work out B. can you work out C. you will be able to work D. will you can work out 32. My wife is a teacher, and _. A. so am I B. so I am C. also I am D. too I am 33. _, the boy knows a lo