(完整版)初中名词用法归纳与练习答案(可编辑修改word版)

1、初中名词用法归纳与练习知识网络名词的分类可数名词规则变化 不规则变化L不可数名词：不可数名词的量（所有格的构成名词所有格所有格的用法名词双重所有格名词的句法作用：作主语、宾语、处语等考点一名词的分类名词是表示人、事物J也点或抽彖概念的名称的词:名词可数名词个体名词:ChairJ）Ook I集体名词:PeOPle JaIlIily不可数名词物质名词:rain ice fc sunshine 抽象名词:IoVe, knowledge考点二名词的复数形式1规则变化构成方法例词在词尾加Sgirl girls Pen PenS以s , X , Ch , Sh结尾的名 词后加esbus buses box

2、 boxesWatCh WatCheS dish （IiSheS以f或fe结尾的名词，变f, fe为V ,再加esWife WiVeS half halves SheIf SheIVeS thief thieves某些以f结尾的词，aJn-Sroof roofs（屋顶） belief beliefs（信念）以辅音字母+ y结尾的名词 变y为i再加esCity CitieS COUntry COUntrieS family families Party PartieS以元音字母+ y结尾的名 词，直接MbSboy boys day days以。结尾的四个词（两菜、 两人）J-es ,其余的都加s

3、POtatO POtatOeS tomato tomatoes hero heroes NegrO NegrOeSZOO ZOOS PhOtO PhOtOS2 不规则变化构成方法例词形式不变 （单复数同形）SheeP SheeP deer deer ChineSe ChineSeJaPaneSe JaPImeSe变内部元音字母foot feet tooth teeth goose geese HIan Inen InOUSe IniCe词尾加-en-renChiId ChiIdren OX OXen3复合名词的复数形式有两种（1）将主体词变为复数,如：SiSterinlawsistersinl

4、aw（嫂子）boy CIaSSmate boy CIaSSInateS（2）将复合词中两入词都变为复数，此种复合词中第一个词须是man或Woman z如：man WOrkermen WOrkerSWOman teacherWOnIen teachers4. 特殊情况（1）有些名词目有复数形式，如：ClOtheS j ShOrtS ,PantS j SCiSSOrs（剪刀）# goods J EIaSSeS（眼镜）有些名词以 S结尾/但不是复数形式如:news # maths f PhySiCS , POIitiCS有些物质名词或抽象争词的单.复数形式表示不同的含义,如：roon（空间）一a r

5、oom（房间）WOrk（工作）WOrks（着作）（4）不可数名词的数量表达 不可数名词本身不可数，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量，如：a PieCe Of bread/IIeWS/paper 片面包/则新闻/张纸 还可用 much # IittIe # a IittIe # a Iarge amount Of f SOme f anv z no f IOtS Of f PIentV Of 等来修饰不可数名词，如：much InOneV # SOme Inilk（5）数词+茗词+形容词构成的复合形容词,中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式, 如：He is a fouryearold boy.

6、他是个 4 岁的男孩。（fouryearold 不能说成 fouryearsold）a fivefootdeep hole 个五英尺深的洞考点三名词所有格I. 表示有生命的人或物的名词所有格形式，在此名词词尾加S ,或直接加S单数名词MrS J如:MaryfS book以S结尾的复数名词只加,不以S结尾的复数名词要加1,如：the three girls1 father这三个女孩的父亲the ChiIdrenlS PreSentS 孩子们的礼物（3）表示几个人共有f仅在最后一个人的名字后加M ；表示各自所有时,需在各个名字后加1 , 如：Mary and Jaie,s car（她俩人共有的车）

7、MarVIS and .Jane,s cars（!各自的车）表示店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地点时，名词所有格后面的名词习惯上省略。如：the barberts = the barber,s ShOP 理发店to my aunts = to my aunt,s house 到我姑姑家有些指时臥距离.重龜价值.国彌城镇等无生命的名词，也可以加S构成所有格。 如：a Week,s time 周的时间ChinafS POPUlatiOn 中国的人口2. 表示无生命的东西的所有格形式:名词+ of +所有者，如：the Ilame Of the ZOO动物园的名字3. 双重所有格:即of+抵或of +名词性

8、物主代词，如：a book Of my daughters 我女儿的一本书The friend Of his is Very kind.他的朋友非常友好。考点四名词的句法功能名词在句中可以作主语.宾语宾语补足语.同位语.表语.状语定语等。名词作定语，一般用单数形式。如: 卄girl StUdents（女学生）PaPer flowers（纸花）名词作定语时，f别情况用复数形式。如:SPOrtS meeting （运动会）名词专练单项选择1. Read theCarefUily.They Wiil help you know how to USe the popper.A InStrUCtiOnS

9、 B decisions C results【解析】本题考查名词在语境中的运用。instruction 说明r ； decision共定；result 结 果。由后句它们会帮你知道如何使用这台爆米花机可判断本句为认真读说明”,故 instructions 符【答案】A2. CiCi enjoys dancing.Itvs One Of herA PriZeB PriZeSC hobbyD hobbies【解析】本题考查名词。OneOf啟名词的中的个，螂際A. C殛;PriZe 如 f IIobby 爱好,朋儘是一种訓,故选D项。 【答案】D3. FOr my homework I have t

10、o Write a(n)about the WOnderS Of the world.A musicB PiCtUreC COnIPOSitiOII D exam【解析】本题考查名词在语境中的运用。music 胡 ； PiCtUre ,图Ef ；composition 作 Jt JeXaIn亳试OmllSiC是不可数名词，不能FB不定冠词a/an修饰# 除A项；动 Write 不能和PiCtUre搭配，也应排除；家庭作业不可能是考试,D项也排除。故选Co【答案】C4. BOyS and girls f feeling PeaCefUl is the first SteP to becomein

11、 the exan.SoPIeaSe take a deep breath and Calln downA runnersB WinnerSC PIayerS【解析I本题考查名词在语境中的运用。runner 鯉渚；Winner 跚蜡；PIayer “运 动员。在考试中应成为获胜者.故MmerS符合句意。【答案】B5. I have greatin Iearning Inath and n SO WOrried.Could you help me?Sure.d be glad to.A. troubleB interestC JOyD fun【解析】本题考查名词的用法。have troubled

12、ifficultyPrObIeInS (in) doing sth.做某事有 困难O interest 兴趣”：joy 高兴，欣赏；fun 乐趣，均不符合题意。【答案】A6. MrS Black, COUId you give me SOme advice On how to Wrlte an application letter?With PIeaSUre.Remember that the Ietter ShOUId be Written in the formalA . VaIUe B StyIe C effect D mood【解析】本题考吉名词词义辨析。VahIe f价值0yle “

13、冈格，文体JeffeCt “影响， 濂；mood 停,心情 o由语境知写申離应用正式文体O【答案】B7. COUI(I you PIeaSe get Ine SOIne? m hungnrA apple B . WaterC bread D egg【解析】本题考查名词的用法。由第二句m hmgy(我饿了。)礎格处需填“吃的东西， 故H除濒B ；选项A. D均为可数名词，由题干中的Sonle判断需用可数名词复数或不可数 名词,故排除A. D两项。bread 面包，为不可数名词,符合题意。【答案】C8 一m going to the SUPennarket.Let me get you SOme

14、fruit.OK.Thanks for yourA Offer B informationC message D Order【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。Offer 提供提议；information 信息r; message 口 信；Order 顺序#订货，命令” O句意为甥淒去超市。让我为腰些水果吧。” “好O巴，谢 5Wo 故选 A。【答案】A9. TheSe IIatUral disasters have Warned US that everyone ShOUId Start to PrOteCt the innediatelv.A amusement B developmentC e

15、nvironment D government【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析O amusement； development发展；environment“坏境；Soverninent “政府O句意为“这些自然灾害已经告诫我IiJe个人应立刻开始保护 I ”【答案】C10. MrsAVang WaS Sent to teach EngliSh in a POOr mountain Vinage IaSt year.She Said She WOUkl HeVer forget SOme PIeaSantWhiIe WOrking thereA experiments B expressionsC

16、experiences D emotions【解诟】本题考查名词词义辨析。experiment； expression 表experience 经历JemOtiOn。空格所在句的句意为“她说她永远也不会忘记在工作时的些舸” Sco【答案】C11. m SOrry I Went OUt for a SmOkeJ WaS Very tired.Theres nofor this WhIIe you are at work.A CaUSe B excuseC Inatter D ChOiCe【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。CaUSe 原因IeXCUSe 理由#借口 Jnatter 事情Jchoice

17、选摩o由空格所在句的句意当你工作时这样做是没有理由的知选B。【答案】B12. JOhn WaIItS to be aj SO he Often IIeIPS SiCk PeOPIe in the hospital.A reporter B doctorC SCientiSt D CoOk【解析】本题名词义辨析。reporter 记者XIOCtOr 医生scientist 科学家XOOk“厨师 o由句意因此瞬常在完里帮肋病人”知约觥成为一名医生,故选Bo【答案】B13. I have trouble IearIIing Inath this tennYOU ShOUId Pay InOreto

18、your teacher,s advice.A InOneVB attentionC time【解析】本题考查名词的用法。Pay attention to.注意是固吾，故选B。【答案】B14. The two CitieS have reached anto develop SCienCe and technology.A educationB excitementC agreementD invention故选C。【解析】本题考查名词的用法。reaChana纠eemet 达成协议【答家】C15一COUId you tell me SOnIething about the boy WhO he

19、lped you just now? Sorry91 know nothing about him.We areA friendsB neighborsC CIaSSmateSD StrangerS解析】由答语前面的”对不起，我不认识他，RJm ”陌生人” o【答案】D16 I don,t think IOOking after ChiIdren is JUStwork.A WOmaIlB wonan,sC WOmeIlD womens解析】句意为少我认为照看孩子不仅仅是女人的工作。”由句意可判断此处应用名词所有格， 又因为WOmall的复数形式是WOlnen #故选Do【答案】D17一Why

20、 are you Stiil Waiting in line?ve missed mv.A PIaCeB OrderC turnD time【解析】句意 “你什么仍然在胛人？” 我融：mfi5-浏几会了。PIaCe哋方； Onkr 顺T ； turn “轮到的机会；time。通过句意可知,只有C项符合题意f故答棄为Co【答案】C18. I IIear you have to run for half an I)OUr every day.RightJt is One Of thein my SChOOLA ChOiCeS B PIanS C . IIObbieS D rules斤】 韓 Wf说

21、f5晦衣濒够半做L 幽Bi削蒯则Z-。” ChOiCeS询聖；PlanS 计如；hobbies 藏？ ； rules 规则o所以i癖答案DO【答案】D19. mothers can,t go to the meeting, because they have gone to NeW YOrk onbusiness.A. AIiCe and Lily,sB. Alice,s and Lilv,sVC. Alice,s and LiIy【解析】A选项是指她们共同的母亲；B选项表示她们各自的母亲；C选项没有这种表达形 式，首先排除。由后句的they RJffl ,这里指的是她们各自的母亲,因此答案为

22、BO【答案】B20一The Iand in the SOUthWeSt Of China is in great IIeed OfYes, it hasn,t rained for a IOng time there.A IniIkB teaC . COffeeD . Water【解析】根据答语可知西南很需要水,故答棄选DO【答案】D21. HOW far is your home from school? Its about twowalk.A hoursB IlOUrSC hours*【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。两小时的路程表达是FVOhOIIrSrallr # IIOUr需 要变复

23、数后加故选G【答案】C22. m IlOt SUre about the meaning Of the WOrdYou,d better IOOk it UP in aA IetterB dictionaryC POStCar(I D notice【解析】Ietter 书信；dictionary 字典、词典；POStCard 卡片；notice 布告#根 藤臆我冏範闻语6隽思 ”伽嗣典,”知S舷B。【答案】B23WhOSe COnIPUter doesn,t work?r I think.A . JOhIl has B JOhn doesC JOhn D Johns【解析】句意为溜计算机岀毛病

24、啦？” 摘的,我想.故答语应用名词所有格形式,所 以答案应选D。【答案】D24一Oh, Iny God! We have IniSSed the IaSt bus.VVhat ShaiI We do?n afraid We have nobut to take a taxi.A ChOiCe B decisionC reason D idea【備斤】IaVe missed the IaSt bus和but to take a taxi可知是S!l无选盘 句意是哎/ 天啊,珈BgQ了最后一班车,珈应该怎么办呢? ”除了乘*车另忧孵了。【答案】A25 GOOd InOrning9 madaLCan

25、 I help you?Sure, d Iikef PIeaSeA two CUPS Of COffeeSB. two CUP Of COffeeSC two CUPS Of COfTeeD. two CUP Of COffee【解析】COffee是不可数名词，不能加S,幷際A和B ；两杯应是two CUPS ,排除DO故选CO【答案】C26. DO you know the young Iady OVer there?Yes.She,smother.A Lily and LUCy B LiIytS and Lucy,sC Lilv,s and LUCV D LiIV and Lucv,s【解

26、析】根据空后的Inother可知是两人共有的，两人共有某物时，只需要在后一个词后加&句意是你认识丿La挪个年轻女士吗？” “是的，她是莉莉和雷西的妈妈。“【答案】D27 After WaIking for InOre than half an hour, We decided to takerest.A a few IninuteVS B a few IninUteSVC a IittIe IninUte,s D a IittIe IninUteSV【解析】IninUte是可数名词由a few来修饰且要用复数形式，名词以S结尾时,所有格直接 加；句意是“走了半个多M耐民我们*定休息几分钟故选B

27、。【答案】B28Where are the?They are PIayingbasketball On the PIaygrOUn(IA Inan teachers; the B Inen teachers; theC man teachers; / D Inen teachers; /【解析】Inan作定语时#两个名词都藪复数；球类运动语 ,球类之前不可用屜词，故选D。句意是“男老Ilfl哪儿？【答案】D29 )Betty has a SiIk,She Can Sing Very WelLA VOiCeB IOOkC SOUndD noise【解析】根据She CaiI Sing Very

28、well.可知她的声音很好,人的声音用VOiCe表示。句意 是“贝蒂的声音好i她可以唱得常好。【答案】A30. Oh, there isn,t enoughfor US on the bus.NO hurry.Let,s Wait for the IIeXtOne.A floor B groundC room D PIaCe【解析】棍据On the bus和答句可知是没有足够的空间够我们用了。句意是“哎呀，公共汽车上殳确iW7 ”另懵急，让我Ii芹FT1巴”【答案】C31 I SaW Inanyeating grasson the IIilLA horse B COW C deers D Sh

29、eeP【解析】many后跟名词复数，A , B都不是复数，deer和SheeP单复数相同，故答案选DO 【答案】D二、根据句意及所给汉语意思写岀所缺单词1. The Great Wall Of China is One Of the（奇迹）Of the world.【解析】奇迹为WOn（Ier , One Of后接复数名词。【答案】WOnderS2. MOre and more（外国人）come to ViSit China.【解析】外国人为foreigner : more是Inany的比较级，后接名词的复数。【答案】foreigners3. After three（星期）holiday, W

30、e Came back to work.【解析】本题考查名词所有格的用法。以S结尾的复数名词的所有格在S后加。【答棄】weeks14. TO Our great（惊讶），TOln failed to PaSS the graduation exam.【解析】to ones SUrPriSe 使某人惊讶的是。【答案】SUrPriSe5. He can,t See the blackboard clearly, SO Ile needs a Pair Of（眼镜）【解析】a Pair Of glasses 副眼镜。【答案】glasses6. VVe ShOUId Pay attention to

31、Our behavior and try to be good（公民）【解析】由主语We知，要填复数形式CitiZeIlSO【答案】CitiZenS7. They have PIante（I about five（千）trees in and around the town in the PaSt fewyears.【解析】英语中的hundred # thousand # IniniOn # billion等词如果前面有基数词修饰，一律 用单数f故填原形thousand0【答案】thousand& The CanIera WaS One Of the greatest（发明）in the 19

32、th century.【解析】根据空前的“one OfthegreateX可知用名词的复数。句意是黒相机是十九世纪 最伟大的发明之一。【答案】inventions9 HOW many times do you brush your（牙齿）every day?【解析ItOoth的复数形式是teetho【答案】teeth10 PIeaSe tell Ine the（胜利者）telephone number.I Want to interview him.fl“齡i嗣痢M电话嗣艇寤方他”winner ,其所有格在其后加S【答案】winners11. There are Inany fresh（土豆）

33、in the supermarket.【解析】因句中有many, many后接名词的复数，POtatO的复数是POtatOeSo【答案】POtatOeS12. Thank you Very InUCh for your（邀请） BUt m SO SOrry that I can,t COIne toyour Party tomorrow.【解析】空白处前有your修饰，故要用名词形式，而invite的名词是invitation.【答案】invitation13. Take a ShOrt rest after two（小时）hard work, and you won,t feel too t

34、ired.【解析】前面有two ,所以应该用hour的复数形式hours的名词所有格。【答案】hours14. Great（变化）have taken PlaCe in OUr hometown.【解析】句中的谓语动词是have taken PIaCe ,因此主语要用复数形式。【答案】ChangeS15. A POWerfUI earthquake hit VVenChUan in（西南方），China,s SiChUan PrOViIICeon May 12th.【解析】表示偏方向”时，先说南北，再说东西，故西南方为SoUthWeStO【答棄】SOUthWeSt三.根据句意及所给首字母补全单

35、词L Ais the fourth month Of the year.【解析】一年的第四个月份是APriIO【答案】APriI2. My his COneCting StanIPS.1 have COneCted thousands Of stamps.【解析】集邮是一种爰好,故填hobby0【答案】hobby3. Mark TWaill WaS born in the USA and EngIiSh WaS his InOther t.【解析】mother tongue 母语” O由句意“马克吐温岀生于美国，英语是他的母语。”可 知答案。【答案】tongue4 My InOther is a nurse.She WOrkS in a famous h【解析】由常识知护士工作的地点是医院。【答案】hospital5. If you are in danger, remember to dial（拨）the telephone n110 at once.【解析】句意为如果你遇到危险，记住立刻拨电话号码110。”故填number。【答案】nu