初中英语单词表沪教牛津版

1、1. a balanced diet均衡饮食balance n. 平衡 keep balance保持平衡on a diet 节食2. a bit 有点，一点后接形容词时相当于a little ,可用于修饰形容词和副词的比较级；3. a bit of 小量 后接名词时用法与a little 一样，后接不可数名词4. a crowd of 一群 同义词：a group of5. a long time ago很早以前ago&before时间段+ago,常与一般过去式连用。before后可接状语从句，而ago五年前，我去了长城。我之前从没去过那儿。before+时间点，也可单独使用，表“以前

2、” 则不能。e.g. Five days ago, I went to the Great Wall. I have never been to there before.Please wash your hands before you have meals.饭前要洗手。6. a packet of 一袋 in packets 一袋袋地7. a series of一系歹U8. ability n. 才能；能力 同义词：capacity9. able adj. 能；能够disabled adj.有残疾的；丧失能力的10. (be) able to 能够 同义词：can(be) able to

3、do sth.能够做某事区别:can只有can和could两种形式，而(be) able to可用于任何时态11. above all 最重要的是；尤其是 同义词：what' s moreabove prep. 在.上方 反义词：below 在.下方并不一定在垂直的正上方或下方over 在.上方 under 在.的下方 指在垂直的正上方或下方12. abroad adv. 在国外；到国外 go abroad 去国外13. accept v. 接受(建议、邀请等) acception n. 接受；领受 acceptableadj.可接受的accept&receivereceive

4、指客观上的收到，并不代表接受了；而 accept则表示情感上的接受e.g. She received a present from a friend but she didn' t accept it. 她收到了一份朋友送的礼物，但她没有接受。14. accident n.(交通)事故 by accident 偶然地accident&incident accident指偶然发生的不幸事件；incident则指普通的小事件，也指暴力性的 政治事件。e.g. About ten people were killed in the car accident.在这次车祸中大约有10人丧

5、生。That was one of the strangest incidents in my life.刃 B是我生中最奇怪的事情之一。This book is about the July 7th Incident.这本书是关于七七事变的。15. according to 据( 所说)According to the local people, there was a big lake here before.据当地人所说，这儿之前有一个很大的湖。16. accuse v. 控告； 控诉 accuse ab. of sth.控某人某事17. （be ） accused of .被控告.；

6、被指责.e.g. He was accused of murder.他被控告谋杀。18. achieve v.（凭长期努力）达到（某目标、地位、标准）同义词： realize achieve one ' s dream=realize one ' s dream=make one' s dream come true19. achievement n. 成就； 成绩Because of his hard-working, he get such a big achievement.由于他的勤奋和努力，他才取得如此大的成就。20. across prep. 在.对面；在.

7、对过 across&throughacross横穿；从表面穿过 后常接街道、马路、桥等through指从立体空间穿过e.g. please be careful when you go across the street.过马路的时候要小心。The plane went through the clouds.飞机穿过了 云层。21. act v.扮演（戏剧、电影中的角色）active adj.积极的，活跃的，主动的 activity n. 活动22. act as 充当e.g. He acted as a policeman in his last film.在他的上部电影中，他扮演了

8、一名警察。23. act out 将.表演出来24. action n.（ 故事、戏剧等中的）情节n. 行动；活动25. actor n. 演员 actress n. 女演员26. *actually adv. 事实上 同义词 in fact27. add v. 增加；添加 add to 加入，力口到：增加add - up 把.加起来add up to 总和为.e.g. Some milk is added to this cup of coffee.这杯咖啡加了 牛奶。These numbers add up to 100.这些数字加起来是 100.28. add.to. 把.加入.plea

9、se add some sugar to this cup of coffee.请往这杯咖啡里面力口点糖。29. address n. 地址30. admit v. （常指勉强）承认admit doing sth 承认做某事The thief admitted stealing the woman ' s money. 小偷承认偷了这位女士 的钱。31. adult n. 成年动物；成年人；成熟的32. advantage n. 优势反义词：disadvantage 劣势This kind of products has some disadvantages.这种产品有些缺点。33.

10、adventure n. 冒险；冒险经历34. advertisement n. 广告advertise v.做广告； 为打广告35. advice n. 建议 同义词：suggestion区别：advice是不可数名词，而 suggestion 是可数名词Can you give me some advice on learning English?你可以给我一些学习英语的建议吗？36. advise v. 建议 同义词：suggestadvise/suggest doing sth.老师建议advise sb. to do sth.My teacher advise me to speak

11、 English as possible as I can.我尽可能说英语。37. afford v. 买得起afford to do sth.I can afford to buy this pair of shoes.38. Africa n.39. after a while after&later&in非洲 African adj.我买不起这双鞋。非洲的；非洲人过了一会儿 同义词： a moment laterafter+时间点/时间段，多与一般过去式连用；用于某个特定的时间之后，也可 用于将来时。时间段+later ,可与过去时或将来时连用。in+时间段，多与一般将来

12、时连用，提问时用how soon。e.g. After finishing myhomework, I started to help mymumwith housework.做完作业后，我开始帮妈妈做家务。clock.电影将在5点后上演 电影将在5分钟之后上演,0他昨天The film will be shown after 5 o The film will be shown in 5 minutes.He went to America yesterday, he will be back 5 days later.去了美国，五天之后会回来。40. after dark天黑后；黄昏后41

13、. against prep. 反对 play against士兵正在与敌军对抗。fight against 与 .对抗The soldiers are fighting against their enemies.在.的年纪42. age n. 年龄 at the age ofShe began playing the piano at the age of 4.43. ago adv. 以前ago&before时间段+ago,常与一般过去式连用。before+时间点，也可单独使用，表“以前” 则不能。e.g. Five days ago, I went to the Great W

14、all.I have never been to there before.她四岁开始弹钢琴。before后可接状语从句，而ago五年前，我去了长城。我之前从没去过那儿。饭前要洗手。Please wash your hands before you have meals.44. agree v. 同意 反义词：disagree 反对 agree to do sth.同意做某事agree on sth.Both of parties agree on that policy.两个党派都同意那项政策。45. agree with 同意； 赞成I can ' t agree with you

15、 more.我再同意不过了。46. agreement n. 同意；应允 反义词：disagreement 反对You' d better get your parents ' agreement before you do it. 在做那件 事之前，最好能得到你父母的同意。47. ahead of prep. 领先She was soon ahead of other contestants.彳艮，快她就领先了 其他选手。48. air conditioner 空调49. airport n. 机场She will arrive at the airport tomorrow

16、 morning.明早她会至 U达飞机场。50. *album n.相册；影集51. *alien n.外星人52. alive adj. 活着；在世alive&livingalive只能做表语，living 既可以做表语，也可以做定语。e.g. The dog is still alive.这只狗依然活着。He is one of the the greatest living writer.他是在世的最伟大的作家之一。53. all day and all night 夜以继日54. all over 遍及 同义词：all aroundMy dream is to travel a

17、ll over the world.我的梦想是环游世界。55. all the time （在某段时间）一直；始终56. all the way 一路上；至始至终57. allow v. 允许进入（或出去、通过） allow doing sth.允许做某事allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事It doesn ' t allow smoking here.这儿禁止吸烟。58. alone adv. 独自 adj. 独自的alone&lonelyalone做形容词时，意为“单独的，独自的”。强调一个人，只能做表语。它还 可以做副词，意为“独自地”，多与live连用

18、。lonely只做形容词，意为“孤单的；寂寞的”。强调心理上的孤独，不一定是 一个人，多与feel连用，做表语。它还可指“荒凉的”，做定语。e.g. I live alone, but I don ' t feel lonely.虽然我一个人住，但我并不感到孤独。59. aloud adv. 大声地：高声地 同义词：loudlyPlease speak aloud so that everyone can hear you.请大声点讲，这样另U人才能听见。60. already adv. 已经；早已通常用于现在完成时的肯定句中，既可以置于句中，也可以置于旬末。yet adv. 尚未；仍

19、未常用于现在完成时的否定和疑问句句末。-Have you finished your homework yet?你完成作业了 吗？-Yes, I have already finished my homework.是的，我已经做完作业了。61. although conj. 虽然；尽管 同义词：thoughalthough&though同：两都用于引导让步状语从句。注意：although和though不能包与but出现 在同一个句子中。区别：although语气比though更正式。though可用于倒装，although不可以。Young though he is, he can t

20、ake care of himself.虽然他彳艮小，但他能照顾自己。though还可以用作副词，放于句子末尾，表示转折，以为“可是，不过。” 通常前面用逗号隔开。Although不可以。It ' s hard work. I enjoy it, though.虽然工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。62. amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的 同义词：surprisingamazed adj. 感到惊奇的有一部分动词加上-ing或-ed变成形容词。-ing结尾的形容词通常用来修饰事 物，表示“令人.的”；而-ed结尾的形容词则通常修饰人，表示人“感到.It is amazing that a

21、nts can lift twice of their weight.蚂蚁能举起他们本身重量的两倍，太令人惊奇了。I am amazed that ants can lift twice of their weight.蚂蚁能举起他们本身重量的两倍，我感觉很惊奇。63. America n.美洲；美国64. American adj.美洲的；美国的；美国人65. among prep. 在.中among&betweenamonj旨三者或三者以上；between指两者之间，常与and连用。e.g. She is the tallest among the three girls.三个女孩

22、中，她最高。The girl standing between you and me is my sister.站在你和我中间的那个女孩是我妹妹。66. amount n. 数量；数额a large amount of 大量的 后接不可数名词 同义词：a great deal ofA large amount of water is wasted every day.每天都要大量的水被浪费。67. ancient adj. 古代的反义词：modern现代的68. and so on 等等同义词：etc. (etcetera)69. announcement n. 公告； 通告announce

23、v. 宣布；播报70. annoying adj.使恼怒的；使生气的annoyed adj. 感至U恼怒的The boy is so wicked that his mother feels annoyed.这个/、男孩太坏了,他的妈妈很生气。71. another pron. 又一；另一(事物或人) another&the other&other&others&the othersanother+名词单数，泛指三者或三者以上当中的“另一个” one another = each other 互相the other 指两者中的另一个。the other+名词复数

24、=the others 。特指“其余的，别的。”指余下的全部。other+名词复数=others。 "其他的，别的。”some, others .others指余下全体中的些。e.g. My bike is broken, so I need to buy another one.我的自行车坏了,所以我得再买一辆。She has two children. One is 4, the other is 7.她有 2 个小孩。一个4岁，另一个7岁。Some children are playing basketball, others are playing table tennis.

25、一些孩子在打篮球，其他的的在打乒乓球。（不一定是剩下所有的。）There are manyapples in the basket. Someare red, the others are green.篮子里有很大苹果。一些是红的，剩下的都是青的。72. ant n. 蚂蚁73. anybody pron. 任何人 同义词：anyone复合不定代词someonesomebodysomethinganyoneanybodyanythingeveryoneeverybodyeverythingno onenobodynothing复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。Is everyone

26、here?大家都在吗？复合不定代词接形容词时，要放在形容词前面。Could you tell me something interesting?你能告诉我一些有趣的事情吗?some.通常用于肯定句中，any-.用于否定句和疑问句中。但在表示请求、许可以及想得到别人肯定答复的疑问句中，要用soma桌上有些书。杯子里有水吗？你想要些喝的吗?e.g. There are some books on the table.Is there any water in the glass? Would you like something to drink?74. anyone pron. 任何人75. a

27、nything pron.任何东西；任何事物76. anytime adv.在任何时候；随便什么时候Sometime 某时 some time 些时间 some times 几次 sometimes 有时77. anyway adv.无论如何； 反正78. anywhere adv.在任何地方79. apologize v. 道歉 apologize to sb. for sth.因某事向某人道歉He apologized to her for misunderstanding.他为误解了 她而道歉。80. apology n. 道歉Please accept my apology for b

28、eing late.我迟至U了，彳艮抱歉，请原谅!81. appear v. 出现 反义词：disappearlink v. 显得；看来；似乎 同义词：seem她似乎很聪明。(1) appear/seem (to be) +adj.She appears/seems (to be) clever.(2) appear/seem +n.He appears/seems a teacher.他看起来像个老师。(3) it seems/appears that + 从旬It seems/appears that it will be rainy tomorrow.明天彳以乎会下雨。(4) appea

29、r/seem to do sth.They seem/appear to be lost.他们好像迷路了。82. appearance n. 外表appearance&expressionappearance 指整个的外表；expression 指人脸上的表情； 神情。止匕外，expression 还有表达的意思。e.g. Your whole appearance communicates things.你整个的外表在交流。Your expression is not so good.你的表情不够好。83. *applause n. 鼓掌；喝彩84. area n. 地域；地区The

30、re were many fishermen in this area before.这个地区之前有彳艮多渔夫。85. army n. 陆军部队 join the army 参军86. arrive at 至U达 同义词：reach, get toarrive at后接小地点 arrive in 后接大地点e.g. She will arrive at the airport at 4 this afternoon.她今天下午 4点会到机场。W川 they arrive in Shenzhen on time.他们会准时到吗？87. article n. 文章；商品This article i

31、s worth reading.这篇文章值得一读。88. artist n. 艺术家She wants to be an artist like her father.她想成为和她父亲一样的艺术89. *artistic adj.有艺术天赋的90. as as 像. 一样；如同可用于比较级原级，中间用形容词或副词的原级。Li hua runs as fast as Wang ming.华和王明跑得一样快。91. as a result of 由于 同义词：because ofAs a result of the accident, two people were killed.这个事故有两个人

32、丧生了。9. as soon as possible 尽快We will complete the task as soon as possible.我们会尽快完成这项任务。93. as well 也；除.之外 同义词：tooas well&too&also&eitheras well和too两者都用于肯定句句尾，too前常用逗号隔开，as well则不用。 also也用于肯定句中，置于主语之后，be动词，助动词，情态动词之后，行为 动词之前。either用于否定句句末，前面常有逗号。e.g. I like playing basketball. My brother

33、like it, too.我喜欢打篮球，我的弟弟也喜欢。I also like this film.我也喜欢这部电影。She didn ' t go to school yesterday. I didn ' t go to school, either.她昨天没有上学，我也是。94. as well as 也；还 同义词：andShe is a singer as well as a dancer.她是一名歌手，也是一位舞者。95. ashamed adj. 惭愧；羞愧 feel ashamed of感到羞愧的You should feel ashamed of yourse

34、lf to do that.那样做你应该为自己感到羞愧。96. Asia n.亚洲97. Asian adj. 亚洲的China is an Asian country.中国是一个亚洲国家。98. ask permission报请批准You should call your father to ask permission to travel.你应该打给你父亲让他批准你去旅行。99. *asteroid n. 小行星100. astronaut n.宇航员；航天员Yang liwei is a great astronaut. 禾伟是一名伟大的宇航员。101. astronomer n.天文学

35、家102. （not） at all 一点也（不）；完全（不）I don ' t want to go there at all.我再也不去那儿了。103. at birth 出生时Pandas weigh about 100-200 grams at birth.熊猫出生时大概 100 至U 200 斤。104. at first 起初；起先 同义词：at the beginningThe rabbit runs in front at first.起初兔子跑在前面。105. at last 终于；最终 同义词：in the end, finallyThey won the priz

36、e at last.最后他们终于赢得了奖品。106. at the front 在前面 同义词：in the frontat the front of =in the front ofin front of&in the front ofin front of指在围外的前面；in front of指在围里面的前面e.g There is a tree in front of the house.There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom.107. at the same time 同时 同义词：in the meanwhile

37、Don' t all speak at the same time.大家不要同时说话。108. atmosphere . 大气层109. attack v.袭击；攻击Some dogs even attack people.有些狗会攻击人。110. attend v.参力口attend&join&join in&take part injoin指参加团体、党派、军队等，也可接人或者具体的活动。join in参加某种活动，通常指正在进行着的活动，尤其指和其他人一起参加活动，有时可与take part in 互换。take part in指参加某种活动并在其中起积极

38、作用。attend常用于参加会议、宴会等比较正式的活动。e.g. He will never forget the day when he joined the party.他永远也忘不了他入党的那一天。We are playing games. Do you want to join us.我们正在玩游戏，你想来吗？May I join in the ball game?我可以参加这个游戏吗？A great number of students took part in the parade.彳艮多学生参力口了游行。Please attend the meeting on time.请准时参

39、力口会议。111. attention n.注意力；留心 pay attention to 注意；重视Please pay attention to my pronunciation.请注意我的发音。112. attract v.吸引；使喜爱 attraction n.有吸引力的人或事物 attractive adj. 有吸引力(be) attracted to 被.所吸弓II was soon attracted to the interesting story.我彳艮快被这个有趣的故事所吸引。113. audience n. 观众；听众 是一个集合名词，表示整体时谓语动词用单数 形式，表示

40、多批次的观众时后可加 SoThe audience applauded for his excellent performance.观众为他出色的表演鼓掌。114. Australia n.澳大利亚Australian adj.澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人The girl is from Australia.这个女孩来自澳大利亚。115. avoid v. 避免；避开avoid doing sth.避免做某事She locked the door to avoid being disturbed.为了避免被打扰，她把门116. awake v.(使)醒来adj.醒着的 只能作表语，不能作定语。Don

41、' t awake the sleeping baby up.不要把这个睡着的婴儿吵醒了。117. away adv. 去别处；朝另一个方向go away 走开 put away 整理； 收拾 far away from离.很远keep away from=get away from=be away from 远离118. awful adj. 很坏的；极讨厌的It is awful of you to laugh at disabled people.嘲笑残疾人，你太可恶B119. (be) bad for 对.有害的 同义词：(be) harmful to反义词：(be) good

42、 for对.有好处的Smoking is bad for your health.吸烟有害健康。120. badly adv.严重地；厉害地 比较级和最高级分别是 worse, worst。bad adj. 坏的；有害的She is coughing badly.她咳得很厉害。121. badminton n.羽毛球运动My favourite sport is badminton.我最喜欢的运动是羽毛球。122. *ballet n. 芭蕾舞123. bamboo n. 竹子；竹Pandas like eating bamboo.熊猫喜欢吃竹子。124. band n.乐队Children

43、can learn basic language knowledge by imitating. 通过模仿习得基本的语言知识。129. basket n. 篮；筐 basketball n. 篮球He can throw the basketball into the basket correctly.篮。130. battery n. 电池n. 带He set up a band when he was at college.125. bank n.银行n. 堤岸How can I get to the nearest bank?126. bark v. （狗）吠叫Nearly all do

44、gs bark at strangers.127. baseball n.棒球运动Baseball is very popular in the USA.128. basic adj.基本的；基础的上大学时，他组建过乐队。我怎样能到最近的银行？几乎所有的狗都会对陌生人大叫。棒球运动在美国非常流行。孩子们可以他可以准确地投In order to protect the environment, we should recycle the batteries.为了保护环境，我们应该对电池进行回收利用。131. bean n.豆；豆荚132. beat v. （beat, beaten） 赢;打败（

45、某人）win&beatwin “赢得”后接比赛、奖品、名词等；而 The blues beat the reds and won the prize. 133. beauty n. 美；美丽 beautiful adj.n. 美人Everyone is shocked by the beauty of the lake.震撼。beat指打败某个人或者某个队伍。蓝队打败了红队，获得了奖品。 美丽的，漂亮的每个人都被这个湖的美所134. because of 因为同义词：as a result ofbecause of&becausebecause后接句子，而 because of

46、 后接名词，代词或短语。e.g. He was late for school because he got up late.学迟到了。He was late for school because of getting up late.上学迟到了。135. bee n. 蜜蜂 honey n. 蜂蜜136. beef n. 牛肉 steak n. 牛排肉类都是不可数名词137. behavior n. （动植物的）活动方式n. 行为；习性Many parents find it hard to discourage bad behavior.孩子循规蹈矩是件很难的事情。138. believe

47、 v. 相信belief n. 相信；信赖；信仰他起晚了，所以上他起晚了，所以很多父母发现让believe in=trustWe ought not to believe anyone blindly.我们不应该盲目相信别人。139. bell n. 金中；铃 doorbell n. 门铃When the bell rang, I was watching TV. 门铃响的时候，我正在看电视。140. besides prep. 除.之外（还）同义词：in addition to besides&except&except for&butbeside"除. 之

48、外（还），”其宾语包括在。except”除. 之外”，其宾语不包括在，前后表示的是同类事物。except for”除. 之外”，前后表示的不是同类事物，通常是比较细节的事e.g. We went to the zoo besides you. 除了你之外，我们也去了动物园。Everyone attended the meeting except you. 除了你, 所有人者B参力口了会Your writing is very good except some punctuation.你的作文不错，除了一些标点符号。but ”除了 . ”，通常可与except互换使用，但but强调的是全体的整体

49、性, except则侧重全句中的例外情形。e.g. I have written all my letters but one.只差封就全写完了。I have written all my letters except one.还有封信没写。141. bill n. 账单142. birth n. 出生；诞生 at birth 出生时 be born 出生143. bit n. 有点；一点 a bit 少量后接形容词时相当于a little ,可用于修饰形容词和副词的比较级； a bit of 小量 后接名词时用法与a little 一样，后接不可数名词 144. blind adj. 瞎的；

50、失明的 deaf adj. 聋的 dumb adj. 哑的 145. blog n. 博客146. blow v. （blew, blown） 吹The wind is blowing heavily.风猛烈地吹着。147. board n. 木板 blackboard 黑板 keyboard 键盘148. body language身体语言；肢体语言Body language is very important.身体语言是非常重要的。149. bored adj.（对某人/某物）厌倦的；烦闷的150. boring adj.令人厌倦（或厌烦）的；乏味的The film is so borin

51、g, I fell bored.电影太无聊了，我觉得很烦闷。151. born v. （be born） 出生He was born in 2002. 他出生于 2002 年。152. boss n.老板153. bottom n. 底部 at the bottom of在. 的底部 反义词：at the topof在.的顶部There is a hat at the bottom of the box.箱子的底部有一顶帽子。154. bowl n.碗；盆I ' d like to a bowl of noodles.我要一碗面条。155. boxing n. 拳击（运动）156. *

52、braces n. pl. （儿童）牙箍157. brain n. 脑The old man died of brain cancer.这位老人死于脑癌。158. branch n.树枝The branches were broken because of the typhoon.由于台风的缘故， 树枝都折断了。159. brave adj. 勇敢的；无畏的Though he is young, he is very brave.虽然他还很小，但他很勇敢。160. break n. 休息 have a break=have a rest 休息一下v. 打破Let' s stop to

53、have a break. 让我们休息一下。The boy broke the window carelessly.这个小男孩不小心把窗户打破了。161. breathe v. 呼吸 breath n. 呼吸She opens the window to breathe the fresh air.她打开窗户,呼吸新鲜空162. bridge n.桥A bird is flying over the bridge.一只鸟从桥上飞过。163. bright adj.有希望的同义词：hopefulThe future is bright. 未来是充满希望的。164. brightly adv. 明

54、亮地The sun is shining brightly. 阳光明媚。165. British adj.英国的；英国人I am interested in British literature.我对英国文学很感兴趣。166. *bubble n. 泡；气泡167. build up 建立 同义词：set upHis dream is to build up a large company.他的梦想是创建一家大公司。168. building n. 建筑 build v. 建造The building was built 5 years ago. 这栋楼是 5 年前建的。169. *bulb

55、n. 电灯泡170. burn v. (burnt, burnt) 燃烧The forest was burnt in just one night.这个森林一夜间就被烧毁了。171. bush n.灌木172. business n. 商务； 公事 on business 出差 businessman 商人It ' s none of my business.刃B与我无关173. (be) busy with 忙于做 . =be busy doing sth.He is busy with his homework. 他正忙着写作业。174. butterfly n. 蝴蝶I wan

56、t to fly like a butterfly in the wind.我想像蝴蝶一样在风中飞舞。175. by heart单凭记忆；能背诵Can you learn these words by heart in 10 minutes?你能在 10 分钟之背下这些单词吗？176. by oneself 独自=on one' s own.He repaired the bike by himself.他独自修理了这辆自行车。C177. *cable n. 电缆178. cafe n.咖啡馆；小餐馆 coffee n. 咖啡The coffee served in this caf e taste