江苏高考英语秘籍宝典——各专项做题技巧

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1、 单项选择1、 考点定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、动词时态语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、虚拟语气、特殊句式（倒装、强调、省略、反意疑问句等）、情景交际、词汇辨析：名词、形容词、动词短语2、做题技巧（1）删除冗余信息命题人通过添加插入语、限定语、定语从句、同位语等成分，无疑增加了句子的复杂程度，造成学生的视觉差异，从而导致思维错位，产生误导。解答这类题通常采用的方法是“删除法”，去掉多余信息(插入语、限定语等)，答案就显而易见了。He hasn't come yet.What do you consider _ to him?Ahappens Bhas ha

2、ppenedChappening Dto happen（2） 补全省略成分省略句很容易影响学生对句子结构的准确把握。典型的省略句有：不定式的省略、状语从句的省略、句子谓语的省略、主谓语的省略及强调句型的省略等。解答此类题的较好方法是“补全法”。句子结构补充完整后，干扰因素也就随之消失，答案也就容易判断了。The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.Abegins Bhaving begunCbeginning Dbegun（3） 还原句子结构命题人可以利用强调句、被动句、疑问句、倒装句、感叹句

3、、拆分句等特殊结构来改变句子的正常词序，造成搭配上的假象，从而达到干扰的目的。这类题有相当大的迷惑性，极易导致学生上当。解此类题最可靠的方法是“还原法”。只要恢复了它的庐山真面目，答案就一目了然了。Which do you feel like _ time on the train, chatting with friends or just reading something?Ato kill Bto shareCkilling Dsharing（4）排除语境干扰设题者常通过变换句子的正常结构，利用词语的不同含义和用法，词形的变化，各种搭配，标点符号，转折词等设置干扰语境误导学生。碰上此类陷

4、阱题时，考生务必认真审题，弄清句子的基本结构，分析句子所处的语境，了解句子的真正含义，最后作出正确的选择。You _ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.A can't Bshould Cmust Dneedn't（5）识别相似表达英语中有些句式结构形相似而实不相同，命题者经常利用这一点来设计“陷阱”。此类题粗看起来非常类似某个熟悉的句式，极易造成学生思维错觉。做此类题不能粗心大意，要注重语境，理解句意，强化对易混句的辨析，有意识地改变思维定势。I'll go to Be

5、ijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing takenYou'll go to Beijing on business tomorrow.Do you have anything _ to your son studying in Beijing University?Ato be taken Bto takeCtaken Dbeing taken2、 完形填空完形填空做题技巧

6、一、高考完形填空命题趋势：选材特点: 以记叙文为主, 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主 纯议论文命题特点: (1) 设空特点: 实词为主、虚词为辅，单词为主、短语为辅 动词、名词、形容词、副词、代词等实词 80% 介词、连词、冠词等虚词则相对考得较少 (2) 考点层次分三部: 里边层次：(语篇层次30%以上)体现了突出语篇的命题思路句子层次：(占70%左右)单词层次：(只须读懂单词所在句子就能做,分数较少) (3)考查重点: 短文第一句不设问.高考完形填空题型特点1. 以叙为主, 叙议结合; 2. 篇章短小, 意义完整;3. 首句完整, 主题明确;4. 结构清晰, 层次分明;5. 考查语境, 侧重辨析

7、;6. 实词为主, 虚词为辅;7. 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇;8. 常识语法, 每年出现。完型填空 之能力训练目标：1.词语辨析能力2.语法结构分析能力3.语篇理解能力4.逻辑推理能力5.文化背景透析能力6.作者意图剖析能力8.生活常识综合运用能力二、考生易失分之处：1、忽视行文逻辑，断章取义，就题论题。2、脱离语境，滥用固定搭配。3、缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异。做题三忌：v 急于求成，未通读全文便忙于答题，不了解文意，无整体概念边读边填，两眼忙于空白与选项之间，欲速则不达。v 只抠字眼，语法，不顾文意，抓不住关键。v 断章取义，就题论题，不管前后联系，互不照应，前后矛盾。三、做题三

8、步法方法：四、巧解完形填空高分技巧九大方法巧解完形一、利用首句来解题，根据全文来选择 I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was   36   and when I was 14 he said, “Youre never going to be 37(anything) but a failure. ”   A. bright      B. useless   &#

9、160;    C. simple      D. hopeful二、根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Our father was a struggling lawyer, but I always knew he was  37 . He never criticized us, but used 38 to bring out our best.    37. A. strict      B. hone

10、st       C. special    D. learned 38. A. help B. peace C. smile D. praisePractice： His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T-shirt and trousers. Although his family often 43 about that, Ed refused to buy a 44 T-shirt or to lose weight. 43. A.

11、 cared B. forgot C. quarreled D. joked 44. A. clean B. straight C. larger D. darker三、利用语篇标志解题（三找）常见的标志性的词语有以下几种：结构层次:firstly, secondly, thirdly；逻辑关系：thus, therefore, so；递进关系：besides, whats more, further;转折关系：but, while, however, on the other hand等。She told the front-desk clerk she had had a(n) 41 va

12、cation, but was heart-broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed. A. disappointing B. wonderful C. uncomfortable D. important1、找逻辑关系题（转折、让步、解释、对立、因果、并列、总分、递进） 2、找NOT题（在原文中找not）句式结构：前面肯定后面否定、前面否定后面肯定，则选对立关系的词。考点：（以下条件缺一不可）考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系，空前后必须是独立的句子；出题位置在两个句子

13、之间或第二个句子的开头，不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间；选项中必须要有对立关系的词。 3、找AND题（在原文中找and）考点：and前后选同义词，词性一致；and前后选同一范围词；and前后句子对应成分相同；在文章中，并列关系词前后如果出题，利用已知关系解题。 4、找同现复现原则Liumei is among the _22_ ones. The Chinese University of Hong Kong granted (答应给）Liu a full scholarship - HK$500,000. Not all students are so fortunate. 22. A. po

14、or B. smart C. lucky D. silent Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language. Some of us like _2_ friends while others like different friends. Personally I prefer both. Having similar friends has many advantages. 2. A. true B. right C. same D. similar四、根据逻辑推理解题and the o

15、fficers then began to eat their meal , saying that the mushrooms had a very strange_quite pleasant taste.A. besides B. but C. and D. or 五、根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world. 36(Owning) springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in

16、 the 37 areas like the desert.                Adry       Bdistant        Cdeserted        Dwild 六、从语法角度来解题I went into a café and asked

17、for a coffee .   21   I was waiting for my drink, I realized that there were other people in the place , but I sensed  22 (loneliness). ABefore        BSince        CAlthough       DWhi

18、leHave you ever shouted at a teacher, told someone you were lonely, or said you were in love, and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut?23. A. wished B. hoped C. blamed D. shared解题思路：利用语法分析解题，选项中的动词都是过去式，其后句宾语从句had kept是过去完成时，故判断是虚拟。七、从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题 1) He was only fourteen and was not good at s

19、wimming_1_.So he shouldnt have gone into that place. 1.A.after all B. in all C.at all D. for all八、从词语辨析的角度来解题When, two weeks later, I 38 this same boy, I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society. I should 9(enjoy) this country as the son of a minister.A. ran after B. ran into C. ran over D.

20、 ran to 九、同义近义复现来解题I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous. One can _7_ from various sorts of friends in three aspects. First, frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks. Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy, making a _8_ of friends keep yo

21、u lively. Secondly, I have found that different friends can not only lead to new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life. 7. A. obtain B. benefit C. suffer D. earn8. A. range B. series C. quantity D. variety五、完型填空实战四招：抓首抓住首句,预测全文。完形填空所选短文多没有标题,但一般首句是一个不设空(或较简单)的完整的句子,往往用以点明短文的体裁,如

22、议论、说明或叙述等。因此,我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态、语态及表述方式为立足点来进行逻辑思维,判断文章体裁,找出文章中心。捕眼捕捉题眼,寻找契机所谓“题眼”,就是指那些在短文中起重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语境。捕捉题眼,就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系那些表示因果、递进、转折、指代等意义的连接词及动词、形容词、副词、同位语等,还有那些明确具体的事实(如时间、地点、人物、形状、色彩、顺序),以及它们之间的关系等。跳身避难就易,节省时间在解题过程中,我们应该遵循“先易后难”的原则,遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前。为了不影响做题速度,我们可以暂时跳过难点,去解决那

23、些靠上下文能确定的、比较直接具体的问题。或许在上文中难以判断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示,或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一空后会令你豁然开朗。一般说来,固定词组、习惯搭配、常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断。扫尾复读全文,解决残敌到了这时,借助已经补全的空白,我们应该对全文有了更清楚的理解,可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问题,如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法。对于实在无从下手的个别题目,我们则完全可以凭语感来确定：把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍,哪个念起来顺口、舒服就选哪个。注意：凭语感选定的答案不要轻易改动,因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的。在各空都已填出后,再复读全文。我们必须重视这最后

24、的弥补疏漏,改正错误的扫尾机会,以争取最好成绩。3、 阅读理解阅读理解做题技巧1、 阅读理解概览考纲对阅读理解的主要要求：（1） 掌握所读材料的主旨大意，以及用以说明主旨大意的事实和细节。（2） 既理解具体的事实，也理解抽象的概念。（3） 既理解字面意思，也理解深层含义，包括作者的意图态度等（4） 能理解某句某段的意义，并能把握全篇的文脉，即句与句，段与段之间的关系，并能据此进行推理和判断。（5） 能根据材料所提供的信息，结合中学生应有的常识正确判断生词的含义。阅读理解体裁特征：议论文（2010江苏B，2012江苏D，2013江苏B）说明文（2011江苏C,2008江苏A，2008江苏B，20

25、09江苏A，2009江苏D，2010江苏A，2010江苏D，2012江苏B，2012江苏C，2013江苏C）记叙文 （2011江苏D，2008江苏D，2009江苏B，2013江苏D）应用文（2010江苏C，2009江苏C，2008江苏C，2012江苏A， 2013江苏A）2 阅读指导1、 日常阅读指导.保证一定的阅读量，每天2-4篇。.有精读有泛读，不要篇篇都仔细看。.精读应以读近几年各地高考试题。.精读时应适当练习句子成分分析，长句难句增加，必然对学生分析句子结构的基本功要求越来越高。.精读时还要注意词义词性的辨别，后置定语，连接词语以及由动词形式变化反映的句意的变化。.考前练限时阅读，35

26、分钟完成5篇总词数约2400的各类文章。.注意总结四类问题的答题规律（事实细节题、主旨大意题、推理判断题、语义辨析题）。.除掌握高考词汇表上的单词外，还应掌握考纲要求的构词法知识（比如今年高考中对于A篇unsettled一词、C篇a turn-taking game等词语的理解）。2、 阅读理解做题指导（1）事实细节题A.正确答案的特点：与原文情节表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。B.干扰选项的特点：. 是原文信息，但与题目要求不符； . 符合常识，但不符合原文内容； . 与原文情节极为相似，只是在程度上有些变动； . 选项中所提供的信息部分正确，部分错误； . 在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全

27、相反。C.事实细节题: 主要考查学生 对阅读材料中的 某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解 能力,问题主要包询问人(who)、物(what)、时间(when)、地点(where)、原因(cause)、结果(effect)、数据(data)等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考具体细节。.直接事实题：先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围，然后利用略读的手法找出出处。.间接事实题：需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。D.常见问题形式有1.三正一误或三误一正.Which of the following is true/false except? .Which of the

28、following is mentioned except2.定义 3.年代与数字 4.比较 5.原因和结果（2）主旨大意题A.设题方式 .考查文章的中心思想 The main idea/key point of this passage is that_. The passage is mainly about _. From the passage we can learn/conclude that_. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? .考查文章标题的选择 The

29、 best title/headline for this passage is_. Which of the following is the best title? What would be the best title for the text? The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_. .考查作者的写作态度和意图 What is the authors main purpose in this passage? The writers purpose in writing this story is_.

30、In the passage the author wants to tell_. The writers attitude toward . is_. B.干扰项特点. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。 . 断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要观点。. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。. 张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项。考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。 . 无中生有或似是而非。有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中谈到了，但认

31、真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。C.解题指导1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。主题句是归纳表达文章中心思想的句子,它的出现有四种情况: 1）主题句在开头主题句出现在段落或文章的开头部分,起着开宗明义点明主题的作用,它可以使读者一开始就明白文章所讲的内容主旨而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字或具体的步骤来阐述或论证主题，常伴有 for example i.e. that is first second finally once another time for one thing 等词。2）主题句在结尾用归纳法写的文章,其结构是表述细节的句子放在前面,概述性的句子放在

32、后面,并以此而结尾,所以结尾的句子起着总结归纳画龙点睛的作用，多伴有so thereforethus in short as a resultthat is why 等词。3）考生可以快速浏览每段首尾两句来确定每段的主题句，从而确定文章的主题句。 4）值得注意的是:有些文章和段落无明显的主题句,只是暗示性地体现主题这就要求考生在阅读过程中,根据文章中所叙述的事实或提供的线索来概括和总结文章的大意 2.理清层次关系,，选出最佳标题（反推法）标题是文章中心思想的精练表达,多为一个名词词组，短小明了,函盖性强做这类题目时,要在阅读全文的基础上,把握好层次关系。注意选项的归纳范围要恰如其分,干扰项往往

33、是局部信息，是某一小节或文章里的某一句。所以我们在解题时要反复推敲，把概括范围过窄或过宽的选项过滤掉。 3.抓住关键词，判断作者意图 作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么,其观点和态度都不可避免地在文章中反映出来常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类词（approving, positive, optimistic,等），贬义类词(critical, pessimistic, doubtful, questioning)和中性类词(indifferent, serious, objective, concerned, neutral)。这就要求考生在阅读时应特别注意文章的措辞,尤其注意那些

34、表达感情色彩的形容词如improving, encouraging, disappointing, fail, ignore等，以及作者对人物语言行为和思想的描写,从中领悟作者的写作意图和态度 4.小结：总之，主旨大意类题虽然综合性强，对考生的能力要求较高，但只要我们掌握了一定的解题技巧，在读懂读透文章的基础上，仔细对比四个备选项之间的内涵与外延之间的差异，定能准确地找出正确答案。（3）推理判断题A.推理判断的题目中常含有infer、imply词汇等。B.干扰项的特点：. 将文章中的已知信息作为干扰项；. 将不符事实.逻辑的判断推理结果作为干扰项。C.解题方法： . 判断推理要以文中事实为依据

35、; . 不能将文中已经阐明的事实作自己的推断; . 杜绝仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。D.技巧：找出作者所陈述的细节、事实及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推理。 注意：不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点E.解推断题最主要的方法: 根据词义关系推断具体细节。 F.题干形式：.It can be inferred from the text that _. .From the text we know that _. .The story implies that _. . The writers attitude towardis _. .The paragraph followi

36、ng the passage will most probably be _.G.新题型： 1、文章的续写 2、把句子放回文中的哪个部分（4）猜测词义题词、短语、句子意思的猜测主要依据它所在段落的内容进行。如果该段落比较短，信息量不足，那么与之相邻的上下两个段落的内容则是猜词义的重要依据。A.词义猜测题常用的提问方式：.The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _.The word “” is most likely to mean _. .What do you think the expressio

37、n “” stands for? .The underlined word “” means _.B.猜测词义方法1).Definition 定义法： 一般通过定义、定语（从句）或同位语（从句）来确定词义.It will be very hard but very brittle that is, it will break easily. ( ).The herdsman, who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. ( )2).Contrast 对比法：利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。.Most of us ag

38、reed, however, Bill dissented. ( ).She is usually prompt for all her classes, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. A. on time B. late C. slowly D. quickly 3). Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。.Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the governm

39、ent may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes which have been polluted. ( )4). Cause and effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。 .One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. ( ).That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. ( )5). Example 例举

40、法：利用文中的举例猜测词义.常见的举例提示词: for instance/example, such as etc. .Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions. ( )6).Context 上下文：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。 .He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so

41、before I understand anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident.A. see clearly B. understand C. expect.The children are looking at an ape. Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of birdThe children are looking at an ape at the zoo Aa kind of

42、monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of birdThe children are looking at a large, hairy ape at the zoo Aa kind of monkey Ba kind of tree Ca kind of bird7).Common Sense 常识法：在阅读的过程中，如遇到生词，有时可以根据自身的直接或间接的经验，或运用自己已有的常识将其推测出来。比如了解一些英美国家的天文地理、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、政治结构、社会制度等，可以帮助加深对文章的理解，遇到生词时，猜测词义的能力自然就会增强。 .When a doctor

43、performs an operation on a patient，he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious，because he does not want his patient to feel pain or to know what is happening to him. 不成文的小技巧1、 内容相似都排除2、 内容相反选其一3、 过于绝对容易错（all /always /never等）4、 不确定的反而对（may /might /about /almost等）5、 文章一样需谨慎4、 任务型阅读任务型阅读做题技巧

44、一、任务型阅读概览任务型阅读占总分120分中的10分，共10题，也就是10个空格要求填写词语，答题参考时间为12分钟。10个空格可以分成以下三类。1.捕捉信息的能力-信息查找（属基础题）2.组织信息的能力-信息转换（属活用题）3.概括信息的能力-信息归纳（属综合概括题） 年份 信息查找题 信息转换题 信息归纳题文章长度 体裁 2013352422说明20127 2 1434科普 2011 5 2 3428说明 2010 6 2 2528科普 2009 4 5 1553说明 2008 3 5 2428议论 二任务型阅读解题指导1.观察图表 1）.是否有标题/ 是否需要填标题 注意利用所给标题了解

45、文章大意 2）.浏览表格,大致了解文章结构 注意利用已给信息了解文章主线3）.是否需要统一的形式2.阅读文章后进行填词(一) 通览全文,利用表格中的信息提示，准确地在文中找到答案的信息来源。(二) 选词要尽可能完整,准确地表达出文中信息先确定词意, 再确定词性，最后所选词的适当的词形变化动词: 要注意时态,语态名词: 要注意单复数形容词副词: 要注意各自不同的修饰功能连词: 要注意行文的逻辑关系3.填词后: 通读表格，检查 1). 再次确保答案与表格内容的一致性2). 注意语意是否流畅，确保语意和语法两方面都正确What should we pay attention to?1. 字迹端正,卷

46、面要整洁！ 2. 大小写，单复数，统一形式！三知识点整理1、信息转换技巧解题关键: 根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。常见的 转换方式(1). 前缀和后缀转换,词性转换(2). 同义词和反义词转换(3). 句子结构转换(4). 另选其它词来释义 （1）词性转换/前缀和后缀转换-Nowadays , a good education benefits more and more people. Nowadays , more and more people_ from a good education. Nowadays , a good education is of _

47、to more and more people.Nowadays , a good education is _ to more and more people. （2）同义词转换- I think my long and active life must lie in regular exercise. I think my long and active life must _ from regular exercise I think regular exercise must_ / _ _to my long and active life.I think my long and ac

48、tive life must be _ to regular exercise.（3）句子结构转换 -1). Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals.Animals_ /_ this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals.-2). Tom couldn't agree with his bosss decision more.Tom _/_ his bosss d

49、ecision.Tom _ of his bosss decision.Tom was in _ of his bosss decision.（4）另选其它词来释义-1). Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other persons view is wrong (2009江苏)we are always _ in communication with others. -2). We are continually picking up meanings from others behaviors and we ar

50、e constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them(2009江苏)We are constantly _meanings by what we do.转换类常用句型1by accident / chance= _(accidentally)2without accident = _(safely)3take sth into account/consideration = _ (consider)4in addition/whats more / apart from =_/_/_(besides/mo

51、reover/furthermore)5in all / in total = _(altogether / totally)6approve of /be in favor of/agree to= _ (favor)7attend on/upon /wait on / upon= _ (serve)8have faith/trust in; considerto be true= _(trust)9out of breath = _(breathlessly)10but for = _(without)11in any case / at any rate / at any price /

52、 at any cost /whatever happens= _(anyhow)12now that = _(since)13cope with / deal with / do with / try to find a solution to = _(handle)14deal with= _ (concern)15to ones delight / regret / sorrow / shame / surprise / astonishment= _ / _ /_ /_/_/_ (delightfully / regretfully / sorrowfully / shamefully / surprising