建筑专业英语词汇

1、建筑专业英语词汇a. DESIGNBASIS设计依据b. DESIGNSTAGE设计阶段c. CLIMATECONDITION气象条件d. GENERALROOMNAME用房间名称e. ROOFING&CEILING屋面及天棚f. WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)g. FLOOR&TRENCH地面及地沟h.DOORS、GLASSWINDOWS&IRONMONGERYArchitecturalPhysicsTimber木材MetallicMaterials金属材料Non-FerrousMetal有色金属Anti-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料Bu

2、ildingHardware建五金Paint油漆k. OTHERARCHITECTURALTERMSB建筑术提Discipline专业ConventionalTerms一般通用名词建筑物理(HARDWARE*、玻璃、窗及五金件l. STAIRCASE>LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATO襁梯、休息平台及电梯j.BUILDINGMATERIALWORDANDPHRASESt筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦Lime,SandandStone灰、砂和石Cement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土FacingAndPlasteringMater

3、ials饰面及粉刷材料Asphalt(Bitumen)andAsbestos沥青和石棉NameOfProfessionalrole职务名称Drafting制图a. DESIGNBASIS设计依据计戈惬议书planningproposals设计任务书designorder标准规范standardsandcodes条件图informationdrawing设计基础资料basicdatafordesign工艺流程图processflowchart工程地质资料engineeringgeologicaldat原始资料originaldata设计进度scheduleofdesignb. STAGEOFDE

4、SIGN设计阶段方案scheme,draft草图sketch会谈2己要summaryofdiscussion谈判negotiation可行性研究feasibilitystudy初步设计preliminarydesign基础设计basicdesign详细设计detaildesign询价图enquirydrawing施工图workingdrawing,constructiondrawing竣工图as-builtdrawingc. CLIMATECONDITION气象条件日照sunshine风玫瑰windrose主导风向prevailingwinddirection最大(平均)风速maximum(m

5、ean)windvelocity风荷载windload最大(平均)降雨量maximum(mean)rainfall雷击及闪电thunderandlightning飓风hurricane台风typhoon旋风cyclone降雨强度rainfallintensity年降雨量annualrainfall湿球温度wetbulbtemperature干球温度drybulbtemperature冰冻期frostperiod冰冻线frostline冰冻区frostzone室外计算温度calculatingoutdoortemperature采暖地区regionwithheatingprovision不采暖地

6、区regionwithoutheatingprovision绝对大气压absoluteatmosphericpressur相对湿度relativehumidityd. GENERALROOMNAME用房间名称办公室office月艮务用房serviceroom换班室shiftroom休息室restroom(breakroom)起居室livingroom浴室bathroom淋浴间shower更衣室lockerroom厕所lavatory门厅lobby诊室clinic工作间workshop电气开关室switchroom走廊corridor档案室archive电梯机房liftmotorroom车库ga

7、rage清洁间cleaningroom会议室（正式）conferenceroom会议室meetingroom衣柜间wardrobe暖风间饭店restaurant餐厅canteen,diningroom厨房kitchen入口entrance接待处receptionarea会计室accountantroom秘书室secretaryroom电气室electricalroom控制室controlroom工长室foremanoffice开关柜室switchgear前室antecabinet（Ante.）生产区productionarea马达控制中心Mcc多功能用房utilityroom化验室labora

8、toryroom经理室managerroom披屋（阁楼）penthouse警卫室guardhousee. ROOFINGANDCEILING屋面及天棚女儿墙parapet雨蓬canopy屋脊roofridge坡度slope坡跨比pitch分水线water-shed二毡三油2layersoffelt&3coatsof检查孔inspectionholebitumastic附加油毡一层extraplyoffelt檐口eave挑檐overhangingeave檐沟eavegutter平屋面flatroof坡屋面pitchedroof雨水管汇水面积catchmentarea泛水flashing内

9、排水interiordrainage夕卜排水exteriordrainage滴水drip屋面排水roofdrainage找平层levelingcourse卷材屋面built-uproofing天棚ceiling橡条purlin屋面板roofingboard天花板ceilingboard防水层water-proofcourse人孔manhole吊顶suspendedceiling,falseceiling檐板(窗帘盒)cornicef. WALL(CLADDING)墙体(外墙板)砖墙brickwall砌块墙blockwall清水砖墙brickwallwithoutplastering抹灰墙ren

10、deredwall石膏板墙gypsumboard,plasterboard空心砖墙hollowbrickwall承重墙bearingwall非承重墙non-bearingwall纵墙longitudinalwall横墙transversewall外墙external(exterior)wall内墙internal(interior)wall填充墙fillerwall防火墙firewall窗间墙wallbetweenwindow空心墙cavitywall压顶coping圈梁gird,girt,girth玻璃隔断glazedwall防潮层遮阳板sunshade阳台balcony伸缩缝expansi

11、onjoint沉降缝settlementjoint抗震缝seismicjoint复合夹心板sandwichboard压型单板corrugatedsinglesteelplate外墙板claddingpanel复合板compositepanel轻质隔断light-weightpartition牛腿bracket砖烟囱brickchimney勒脚(基座)plinthg. FLOORANDTRENCH面及地沟emerysand金冈U砂地坪grade地面和楼面groundandfloor素士夯实rammedearth炉渣夯实tampedcinder填土filledearth回填土夯实tampedbac

12、kfill垫层beddingcourse,blinding面层covering,finish结合层bonding(binding)course找平层levelingcourse素水泥浆结合层neatcementbindingcours混凝土地面concretefloor水泥地面cementfloor机器磨平混凝土地面machinetrowelledconcretefloor水磨石地面terrazzoflooring马赛克地面mosaicflooring瓷砖地面ceramictileflooring油地毡地面linoleumflooring预制水磨石地面precastterrazzofloori

13、n硬木花地面hard-woodparquetflooring搁栅joist硬木毛地面hard-woodroughflooring企口板地面tonguedandgroovedflooring防酸地面acid-resistantfloor钢筋?昆凝土楼板reinforcedconcreteslabSlab)乙烯基地面vinylflooring水磨石嵌条dividerstripforterrazzo地面做2%坡floorwith2%slope集水沟gully集水口gulley排水沟drainagetrench沟盖板trenchcover活动盖板removablecoverplate集水坑sumppi

14、t孔翻边holeupstand电缆沟cabletrenchh.DOORS,GLASS,WINDOWS&IRONMONGERY(HARDWARE)玻璃、窗及五金件木(钢)门wooden(steel)door镶板门panelleddoor夹板门plywooddoor铝合金门aluminumalloydoor卷帘门rollershutterdoor弹簧门swingdoor推拉门slidingdoor平开门side-hungdoor折叠门foldingdoor旋转门revolvingdoor玻璃门glazeddoor密闭门air-Tightdoor保温门thermalinsulatingdoo

15、r镀锌铁丝网门galvanizedsteelwiremeshdoor防火门firedoor(大门上的)小门wicket门框doorframe门扇doorleaf门洞dooropening结构开洞structuralopening单扇门singledoor双扇门doubledoor疏散门emergencydoor纱门screendoor门槛doorsill门过梁doorlintel上冒头toprail下冒头bottomrail门边木stile门樟侧料sidejumb槽口notch木窗woodenwindow钢窗steelwindow铝合金窗aluminumalloywindow百叶窗(通风为主)

16、sun-bind,louver(louver,shutter,blind)塑钢窗plasticsteelwindow空腹钢窗hollowsteelwindow固定窗fixedwindow平开窗side-hungwindow推拉窗slidingwindow气窗transom上悬窗top-hungwindow中悬窗center-pivotedwindow下悬窗hopperwindow活动百叶窗adjustablelouver天窗skylight老虎窗dormerwindow密封双层玻璃sealeddoubleglazinglintel钢筋砖过梁reinforcedbricklintel窗扇case

17、mentsash窗台windowsill窗台板windowboard窗中梃mullion窗横木mutin窗边木stile压缝条covermould窗帘盒curtainbox合页(钱链)hinge(butts)转轴pivot长脚钱链parliamenthinge闭门器doorcloser地弹簧floorcloser插销bolt门锁doorlock拉手pull链条chain门钩doorhanger碰球balllatch钢筋混凝土过梁reinforcedconcrete窗钩windowcatch暗插销insertbolt电动开关器electricopener平板玻璃plateglass夹丝玻璃wir

18、eglass透明玻璃clearglass毛玻璃(磨砂玻璃)groundglass(frostedglass)防弹玻璃bullet-proofglass石英玻璃quartzglass吸热玻璃heatabsorbingglass磨光玻璃polishedglass着色玻璃pigmentedglass玻璃瓦glasstile玻璃砖glassblock有机玻璃organicglassI.STAIRCASE,LANDING&LIFT(ELEVATOR)楼梯、休息平台及电梯楼梯stair楼梯间staircase疏散梯emergencystair旋转梯spiralstair(circularstair

19、)吊车梯craneladder直爬梯verticalladder踏步step扇形踏步winder(wheelstep)踏步板tread档步板riser踏步宽度treadwidth防滑条non-slipinsert(strips)栏杆railing(balustrade)平台栏杆platformrailing吊装孑L栏杆railingaroundmountinghole扶手handrail梯段高度heightofflight防护梯笼protectingcage(safetycage)平台landing(platform)操作平台operatingplatform装隹平台platformforlo

20、ading&unloadin楼梯平台stairlanding客梯passengerlift货梯goodslift客/货两用梯goods/passengerlift液压电梯hydrauliclift自动扶梯escalator观光电梯observationelevator电梯机房liftmortarroom电梯坑liftpit电梯井道liftshaftj. BUILDINGMATERIALWORDANDPHRASE强筑材料词汇及短语BricksandTiles砖和瓦红砖redbrick粘土砖claybrick瓷砖glazedbrick(ceramictile)防火砖firebrick空心石

21、专hollowbrick面砖facingbrick地板砖flooringtile缸砖clinkerybrick马赛克mosaic陶粒混凝土ceramsiteconcrete琉璃瓦glazedtile脊瓦ridgetile石棉瓦asbestostile(shingle)波形石棉水泥瓦corrugatedasbestoscementsheetLime,SandandStone灰、砂和石石膏gypsum大理石marble汉白玉whitemarble花岗岩granite碎石crushedstone毛石rubble蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩pearlite水磨石terrazzo卵石cobble砾石

22、gravel粗砂coursesand中砂mediumsand名田砂finesandCement,MortarandConcrete水泥、砂浆和混凝土波特兰水泥(普通硅酸盐水泥)Portlandcement硅酸盐水泥silicatecement火山灰水泥pozzolanacement白水泥whitecement水泥砂浆cementmortar石灰砂浆limemortar水泥石灰砂浆（混合砂浆）cement-limemortar保温砂浆thermalmortar防水砂浆water-proofmortar而寸酸砂浆acid-resistantmortar而寸碱砂浆alkaline-resistant

23、mortar沥青砂浆bituminousmortar纸筋灰paperstripmixedlimemortar麻刀灰hempcutlimemortar灰缝mortarjoint素混凝土plainconcrete钢筋混凝土reinforcedconcrete轻质混凝土lightweightconcrete2田石?昆凝土fineaggregateconcrete沥青混凝土asphaltconcrete泡沫混凝土foamedconcrete炉渣混凝土cinderconcreteFacingAndPlasteringMaterials饰面及粉刷材料斩（石artificialstone刷浆limewash

24、可赛银casein大白浆whitewash麻刀灰打底hempcutsandlimeasbase喷大白浆两道sprayedtwicewithwhitewa分格抹水泥砂浆cementmortarplastersectioned板条抹灰lathandplasterAsphalt（Bitumen）andAsbestos沥青和石棉沥青卷材asphaltfelt沥青填料asphaltfiller沥青胶泥asphaltgrout冷底子油adhesivebitumenprimer沥青玛啼月旨asphalticmastic沥青麻丝bitumasticoakum石棉板asbestossheet石棉纤维asbest

25、osfiberTimber木材裂缝crack透裂split环裂shake水刷石graniticplaster干缩shrinkage翘曲warping原木log圆木roundtimber方木squaretimber板材plank木条batten板条lath木板board红松redpine白松whitepine落叶松deciduouspine云杉spruce柏木cypress白杨whitepoplar桦木birch冷杉fir栋木oak榴木willow榆木elm杉木cedar柚木teak樟木camphorwood防腐处理的木材preservative-treatedlumber胶合板plywood三

26、(五)合板3(5)-plywood企口板tonguedandgroovedboard层夹板laminatedplank胶合层夹木材glue-laminatedlumber纤维板fiber-board竹子bambooMetallicMaterials金属材料黑色金属ferrousmetal圆钢steelbBar方钢squaresteel扁钢steelstrap,flatsteel型钢steelsection(shape)槽钢channel角钢anglesteel等边角钢equal-legangle不等边角钢unequal-legangle工字钢I-beam宽翼缘工字钢wideflangeI-be

27、am丁(之)字钢T-bar(Z-bar)冷弯薄壁型钢lightgaugecold-formedsteelshape热轧hot-rolled冷轧cold-rolled冷拉cold-drawn冷压cold-pressed合金钢alloysteel钛合金titaniumalloy不锈车Wstainlesssteel竹节钢筋corrugatedsteelbar变形钢筋deformedbar光圆钢筋plainroundbar钢板steelplate薄钢板thinsteelplate彳氐碳钢lowcarbonsteel冷弯coldbending钢管steelpipe(tube)无缝钢管seamlessst

28、eelpipe焊接钢管weldedsteelpipe黑铁管ironpipe镀锌钢管galvanizedsteelpipe铸铁castiron生铁pigiron熟铁wroughtiron镀锌铁皮galvanizedsteelsheet镀锌铁丝galvanizedsteelwire钢丝网steelwiremesh多孔金属网expandedmetal镒钢managanesesteel高强度合金钢highstrengthalloysteelNon-FerrousMetal有色金属金gold白金platinum铜copper黄铜brass青铜bronze银silver铝aluminum铅leadAnti

29、-CorrosionMaterials防腐蚀材料聚乙烯polythene,polyethylene尼龙nylon聚氯乙烯PVC(polyvinylchloride)螺栓bolt普通螺栓commercialbolt高强螺栓highstrengthbolt预埋螺栓insertbolt胀锚螺栓cinchbolt垫片washerPaint油漆底漆primer防锈底漆rust-inhibitiveprimer防腐漆anti-corrosionpaint调和漆mixedpaint无光漆flatpaint透明漆varnish车艮粉漆aluminumpaint磁漆enamelpaint干性油dryingoil

30、稀释齐Uthinner焦油tar沥青漆asphaltpaint桐油tungoil,Chinesewoodoil红丹redlead铅油leadoil聚碳酸酯polycarbonate聚苯乙烯polystyrene丙烯酸树酯acrylicresin乙烯基酯vinylester橡胶内衬rubberlining氯丁橡胶neoprene沥青漆bitumenpaint环氧树月旨漆epoxyresinpaint氧化锌底漆zincoxideprimer防锈漆anti-rustpaint而寸酸漆acid-resistantpaint而寸碱漆alkali-resistantpaint水玻璃sodiumsilica

31、te树月旨砂浆resin-bondedmortar环氧树月旨epoxyresinBuildingHardware建筑五金钉子nails螺纹屋面车丁spiral-threadedroofingnail环纹石膏板车丁annular-ringgypsumboardnail螺丝screws平头螺丝flat-headscrew腻子puttyk. OTHERARCHITECTURALTER飕它建筑术语Discipline专业建筑architecture土木civil给排水watersupplyanddrainage总图plotplan采暖通风、ventilationandairconditioning)电

32、力供应electricpowersupply电气照明electriclighting电讯telecommunication仪表instrument热力供应heatpowersupply动力mechanicalpower工艺processtechnology管道pipingConventionalTerms一般通用名词建筑原理architectonics城市建筑urbanarchitecture农村建筑ruralarchitecture农业建筑farmbuilding工业建筑industrialbuilding重工业的heavyindustrial轻工业的lightindustrial古代建筑a

33、ncientarchitecture现代建筑modernarchitecture标准化建筑standardizedbuildings附属建筑auxiliarybuildings城市规戈Ucityplanning厂区内withinsite厂区外offsite封闭式closedtype开敞式opentype半开敞式semi-opentype模数制modularsystem单位造价unitcost概算preliminaryestimate承包商constructor,contractor建筑形式architecturalstyle现场site民用建筑civilarchitecture扩建extens

34、ion改建reconstruction防火fire-prevention防震aseismatic,quake-proof防腐anti-corrosion防潮dump-proof防水water-proof防尘dust-proof防锈rust-proof车流量trafficvolume货流量freighttrafficvolume人流量pedestrianvolume透视图perspectivedrawing建筑模型buildingmodel建筑物理ArchitecturalPhysics照明illumination照度degreeofillumination亮度brightness日照sunsh

35、ine天然采光naturallighting光强lightintensity侧光sidelight顶光toplight眩光glaze方位角azimuth辐射radiation对流convection传导conduction遮阳sun-shade保温thermalinsulation恒温constanttemperature恒湿constanthumidity噪音noise隔音sound-proof吸音soundabsorption露点dewpoint隔汽vapor-proofNameOfProfessionalrole职务名称项目经理projectmanager(PM)设计经理designma

36、nager首席建筑师principalarchitect总工程师chiefengineer土木工程师civilengineer工艺工程师processengineer电气工程师electricalengineer机械工程师mechanicalengineer计戈ij工程师planningengineer助理工程师assistantengineer实习生probationer专家specialist,expert制图员draftsman技术员technicianDrafting制图总说明generalspecification工程说明projectspecification采用标准规范目录lis

37、tofstandardsandspecificationadopted图纸目录listofdrawings平面图plan局部放大图detailwithenlargedscale.平面示意图schematicplanof.平剖面图sectionalplanof.留孑L平面图planofprovisionofholes剖面section纵剖面longitudinalsection横剖面cross(transverse)section立面elevation正立面frontelevation透视图perspectivedrawing侧立面sideelevation背立面backelevation详图d

38、etaildrawings典型节点typicaldetail节点号detailNo.首页frontpage图纸目录及说明listofcontentsanddescription图例legend示意图diagram草图sketch荷载简图loaddiagram流程示意图flowdiagram标准图standarddrawing.布置图layoutof.地形图topographicalmap土方工程图earth-workdrawing展开图developeddrawing模板图formworkdrawing酉己筋arrangementofreinforcement抛物线parabola切线tangentLine尺寸线dimensionLine园形