水利英语词汇..

1、水利水电工程技术术语标准（七）由WESTBANK根据中华人民共和国水利部能源部联合发布的水利水电工程技术术语标准整理施工总平面布置Constructiongenerallayout施工总平面布置（施工总体布置）constructiongenerallayout施工组织ConsructionProgramming施工组织设计constructionplanning施工坐标系（建筑坐标系）constructioncoordinatesystem湿化变形soakingdeformation湿润比percentageofwettedarea湿润灌溉wettingirrigation湿室型泵房wet-p

2、ittypepumphouse湿陷变形系数soakingdeformationcoefficient湿陷起始压力initialcollapsepressure湿陷系数（湿陷变形系数）coefficientofcollapsibility湿周wettedperimeter十字板剪切试验vanesheartest石袋honeycomb时均流速timeaveragevelocity时均能量timeaverageenergy时效硬化（老化）agehardening（ageing）时针式喷灌系统（中心支轴自走式系统）centralpivotsprinklersystem实测放大图surveyedampl

3、ificationmap实腹柱solidcolumn实际材料图primitivedatamap实时接线分析realtimeconnectionanalysis实时控制real-timecontrol实时数据和实时信息realtimedataandrealtimeinformation实体坝soliddike实体重力坝solidgravitydam实物工程量realworkquantity实验站experimentalstation实用堰practicalweir示流信号器liquid-flowannunciator示坡线slopeindicationline示误三角形errortriangle

4、示踪模型tracermodel事故failure（accident）事故备用容量reservecapacityforaccident事故低油压trippingloweroilpressure事故音响信号emergencysignal（alarmsignal）事故运行方式accidentoperationmode事故闸门emergencygate事故照明accidentlighting事故照明切换屏accidentlightingchange-overpanel势波potentialwave势流potentialflow势能potentialenergy势涡（自由涡）potentialvorte

5、x视差parallax视差法测距（基线横尺视差法）subtensemethodwithhorizontalstaff视差角parallacticangle视准线法collimationlinemethod视准轴（照准轴）coolimationaxis试验处理treatmentofexperiment试验端子testterminal试验项目Testingitem试验小区experimentalblock试运行testrun收敛测量convergencemeasurement收敛约束法convergence-confinementmethod收缩断面vena-contracta收缩缝（温度缝）co

6、ntractionjoint（temperaturejoint）收缩水深contracteddepth手动自动复归manualautomaticreset手动自动准同期manualautomaticprecisesynchronization手动调节manualregulation手动控制manualcontrol手动运行manualoperation手工电弧焊manualarcwelding首曲线（基本等高线）standardcontour首子午线（本初子午线，起始子午线）primemeridian受油器oilhead枢纽布置layoutofhydroproject疏浚dredging输电系

7、统transmissionsystem输电线transmissionline输入功率试验inputtest输沙量sedimentrunoff输沙率sedimentdischarge输水钢管steelpipeforwaterconveyance输水沟conveyanceditch输水建筑物waterconveyancestructure输水渠道waterconveyancecanal鼠道moledrains鼠道犁moleplough鼠笼型感应电动机squirrelcageinductionmotor竖井定向测量shaftorientationsurveyreverse竖井贯流式水轮机pittur

8、bine竖井联系测量shaftconnectionsurvey竖井排水drainagewell竖井式进水口shaftintake竖轴弧形闸门radialgatewithverticalaxes数字地面模型digitalterrainmodel（DTM）数字化测图digitizedmapping数字通信digitalcommunication数字图像处理digitalimageprocessing数字仪表digitalinstrument甩负荷loaddump（loadrejection,loadshutdown）甩负荷试验load-rejectiontest（load-shutdowntest

9、）双层布置doublestoreylayout双调节调速器dual-regulationgovernor双扉闸门double-leafgate双回线double-circuitline双击式水轮机crossflowturbine,Bankiturbine双极高压直流系统bipolarHVDCsystem双金属标bimetalbenchmark双列布置doublerowlayout双母线接线double-busconnection双曲拱坝doublecurvaturearchdam双曲拱渡槽doublecurvaturearchaqueduct双室式调压室double-chambersurges

10、haft双吸式离心泵double-suctionpump双向挡水人字闸门bidirectionalretainingmitregate水泵水泵水轮机的水泵工况的反向最大稳态飞逸转速steadystaterunawayspeedofpump水泵比转速specificspeedofpump水泵并联扬程曲线headcurveofparallelpumpingsystem水泵参数与特性Parametersandcharacteristicsofpump水泵串联扬程曲线headcurveofseriespumpingsystem水泵的最大最小输入功率maximumminimuminputpowerofp

11、ump水泵电动机机组Motor-pumpunit水泵反常运行pumpabnormaloperating水泵工况（抽水工况）pumpoperation水泵工作点（水泵工况点）pumpoperatingpoint水泵供水waterfeedbypump水泵机械效率mechanicalefficiencyofpump水泵机组pumpunit水泵类型Classificationofpumps水泵零部件Componentsofpumps水泵流量pumpdischarge水泵容积效率volumetricefficiencyofpump水泵输出功率outputpowerofpump水泵输入功率（水泵轴功率）i

12、nputpowerofpump水泵水力效率hydraulicefficiencyofpump水泵水轮机Pump-turbine水泵无流量输入功率no-dischargepowerofpump水泵效率pumpefficiency水泵扬程（水泵总扬程）totalheadofpump水泵站PumpingStation水泵装置pumpsystem水锤（水击）waterhammer水锤泵站hydraulicrampumpstation水锤波（水击波）waveofwaterhammer水锤波波速wavevelocityofwaterhammer水电站HydroelectricStation水电站（水力发电

13、站）Hydroelectricstation（hydroelectricpowerstation）水电站保证出力firmpower,firmoutput水电站厂房（发电厂房）powerhouse水电站厂房的类型Typesofpowerhouseofhydroelectricstation水电站出力poweroutputofhydropowerstation水电站出力和发电量Powerandenergyoutputofhydropowerstation水电站的水头、流量、水位Waterhead,discharge,waterleverofhydropowerstation水电站发电成本gener

14、ationcostofhydropowerstation水电站发电量energyoutputofhydropowerstation水电站建筑物hydroelectricstationstructure水电站经济指标Economieindexofhydropowerstation水电站类型Typesofhydroelectricstation水电站引用流量quotativedischargeofhydropowerstation水电站装机容量installedcapacityofhydropowerstation水电站自动化automationofhydroelectricstation水跌hy

15、draulicdrop水动力学Hydrodynamics水斗bucket水斗式水轮机（贝尔顿式水轮机）peltonturbine水工建筑物hydraulicstructure水工建筑物的类别及荷载Classificationandloadofhydraulicstructures水工建筑物级别gradeofhydraulicstructure水工金属结构及安装MetalStructuresandTheirInstallation水工隧洞hydraulictunnel水工隧洞Hydraulictunnels水工隧洞构造Componentsofhydraulictunnel水工隧洞类型Classi

16、ficationofhydraulictunnels水管冷却pipecooling水柜waterpool水环真空泵liquidringpump水灰比water-cementratio水窖（旱井）watercallar（drywall）水静力学Hydrostatics水库并联运用operationofparallel-connectedresertvoir水库测量reservoirsurvey水库串联运用operationofserial-connectedreservoirs水库调度reservoiroperation水库调度图graphofreservoiroperation水库回水变动区f

17、luctuatingbackwaterzoneofreservoir水库浸没reservoirimmersion水库控制缓洪controlledfloodretarding水库库底清理cleaningofreservoirzone水库泥沙Reservoirsediment水库泥沙防治Preventionofsediment水库年限ultimatelifeofreservoir水库渗漏reservoirleakage水库水文测验reservoirhydrometry水库塌岸bankruinofreservoir水库特征库容Characteristiccapacityofreservoir水库特征

18、水位Characteristiclevelofreservoir水库泄空排沙sedimentreleasingbyemptyingreservoir水库蓄清排浑clearwaterimpoundingandmuddyflowreleasing水库淹没补偿compensationforreservoirinundation水库淹没处理Treatmentofreservoirinundation水库淹没处理范围treatmentzoneofreservoirinundation水库淹没界线测量reservoirinundationlinesurvey水库淹没区zoneofreservoirinun

19、dation水库淹没实物指标materialindexofreservoirinundation水库异重流densitycurrentinreservoir水库异重流排沙sedimentreleasingbydensitycurrent水库诱发地震reservoirinducedearthquake水库淤积Sedimentdepositioninreservoir水库淤积测量reservoiraccretionsurvey水库淤积极限limitstateofsedimentdepositioninreservoir水库淤积平衡比降equilibriumslopeofsedimentdeposi

20、tioninreservoir水库淤积上延（翘尾巴）upwardextensionofreservoirdeposition水库淤积纵剖面longitudinalprofileofdepositinreservoir水库滞洪排沙floodretardingandsedimentreleasing水库自然滞洪freefloodretarding水冷式空压机water-cooledcompressor水力半径hydraulicradius水力冲填hydraulicexcavationandfilling水力冲填坝hydraulicfilldam水力冲洗式沉沙池hydraulicflushingse

21、dimentationbasin水力粗糙度hydraulicroughness水力粗糙区hydraulicroughnessregion水力共振hydraulicresonance水力光滑区hydraulicsmooth水力机械HydraulicMachinery水力机械与电气设备HYDRAULICMACHINERYANDELECTRICEQUIPMENT水力机组hydropowerunit水力机组测试Measurementandtestforhydropowerunit水力机组的安装和试运行Installationandstartingoperationofhydropowerunit水力机

22、组调节系统Regulatingsystemofhydropowerunit水力机组辅助系统Auxiliarysystemforhydropowerunit水力开挖hydraulicexcavation水力坡降（水力比降）hydraulicslope（energygradient）水力破裂法（水力致裂法）hydrofracturingmethod水力侵蚀（水蚀）watererosion水力学Hydraulics水力要素（水力参数）hydraulicelements水力指数hydraulicexponent水力自动闸门hydraulicoperatinggate水力最优断面optimalhydra

23、uliccrosssection水利工程经营管理managementandadministrationofwaterproject水利计算Computationofwaterconservancy水利区划zoningofwaterconservancy水利枢纽hydroproject水利水电工程等别rankofhydroproject水利水电工程规划PLANNINGOFHYDROENGINEERING水利水电工程技术术语标准StandardofTechnicalTermsonHydroengineering水利水电工程勘测SURVEYANDINVESTIGATIONFORHYDROENGINE

24、ERING水利水电工程施工CONSTRUCTIONOFHYDRAULICENGINEERING水量分布曲线waterdistributioncurve水流动力轴线（主流线）dynamicaxisofflow水流连续方程continuityequationofflow水流流态Stateofflow水流阻力和能头损失Flowresistanceandheadloss水轮泵站turbine-pumpstation水轮发电机Hydraulicgenerator水轮发电机hydraulicturbine-drivensynchronousgenerator（hydro-generator）水轮发电机组H

25、ydraulicturbine-generatorunit水轮发电机组hydraulicturbine-generatorunit水轮机hydraulicturbine,waterturbine水轮机水泵额定流量rateddischargeofturbinepump水轮机安装Installationofhydraulicturbine水轮机安装高程settingofturbine水轮机保证出力guaranteedoutputofturbine水轮机比转速specificspeedofturbine水轮机参数和特性Turbineparametersandturbinecharacteristic

26、s水轮机层turbinestorey（turbinefloor）水轮机的机械效率mechanicalefficiencyofturbine水轮机的容积效率volumetricefficiencyofturbine水轮机的水力效率hydraulicefficiencyofturbine水轮机调节系统turbineregulatingsystem水轮机调节系统静特性试验staticcharacteristictestofregulationsystemofhydraulicturbine水轮机调速器turbinegovernor水轮机额定输出功率（水轮机额定出力）ratedoutputofturb

27、ine水轮机飞逸转速runawayspeedofturbine水轮机工况（发电工况）turbineoperation水轮机空载流量no-loaddischargeofturbine水轮机类型Classificationofturbines水轮机零、部件Componentsofhydraulicturbine水轮机流量turbinedischarge水轮机模型试验modeltestofturbine水轮机磨蚀与振动Erosionandvibrationofhydraulicturbine水轮机气蚀系数cavitationfactorofturbine,cavitationcoefficiento

28、fturbine水轮机设计水头designheadofturbine水轮机试运行Testrunofhydraulicturbine水轮机室turbinecasing水轮机输出功率（水轮机出力）turbineoutput水轮机输入功率turbineinputpower水轮机水头（水轮机净水头）turbinenethead水轮机吸出水头损失suctionheadlossofturbine水轮机效率turbineefficiency水轮机压力管道（高压管道）penstock水轮机引水室turbineflume水轮机主轴turbinemainshaft水轮机最大输出功率（水轮机最大出力）maximum

29、outputofturbine水轮机最高效率maximumefficiencyofturbine水面曲线watersurfaceprofile水面蒸发量evaporationfromwatersurface水能waterpower,hydropower水能计算hydropowercomputation水能开发方式Typesofhydropowerdevelopment水能利用Waterpowerutilization水能利用规划waterpowerutilizationplanning水能资源（水力资源）waterpowerresources,hydropowerresources水泥比表面积

30、specificsurfaceofcement水泥罐cementsilo水泥水化热hydrationheatofcement水泥体积安定性soundnessofcement水平底坡horizontalslope水平地质剖面图geologicalplan水平度levelness水平沟horizontalditches水平阶地horizontalterraces水平位移工作点operativemarkofhorizontaldisplacement水平位移观测horizontaldisplacementobservation水平位移基点datummarkofhorizontaldisplaceme

31、nt水生态学hydrobiology水头waterhead水头损失headloss水头预想出力expectedpower,expectedoutput水土保持soilandwaterconservation水土保持工程措施Soilandwaterconservationworks水土保持规划Planningofsoilandwaterconservation水土保持林业措施Afforestationmeasuresforsoilandwaterconservation水土流失Soilandwaterloss水土流失(土壤侵蚀)soilerosion(soilandwaterloss)水位wat

32、erstage(waterlevel)水位、流速、流量Waterstage,flowvelocity,flowdischarge水位传导系数coefficientofwaterlevelconductivity水位调节装置waterlevelregulator水位计water-levelgauge水位流量关系曲线stage-dischargerelationcurve水位信号water-levelindicatingsignal水位站waterstagegaugingstation水文测验hydrometry水文测站hydrometricalstation水文测站和站网Hydrometrica

33、lstationandnetwork水文地质Hydrogeology水文地质基础Basichydrogeology水文地质试验Hydrogeologicaltest水文地质图hydrogeologicalmap水文调查hydrologicalinvestigation水文分析计算Hydrologicalanalysisandcomputation水文观测hydrologicalobservation水文观测Hydrologicalobservationandmeasurement水文过程线hydrograph水文核技术nucleartechnologyinhydrology水文计算Hydrol

34、ogiccomputation水文计算及水文预报HydrologicalComputationandForecasing水文空间技术spacetechnologyinhydrology水文模型hydrologicalmodel水文年鉴hydrologicalalmanac(hydrologicalyearbook)水文频率曲线hydrologicalfrequencycurve水文手册hydrologicalhandbook水文统计hydrologicalstatistics水文图集hydrologicalatlas水文遥测技术hydrologicaltelemeteringtechnolog

35、y水文要素hydrologicaldata水文预报Hydrologicalforecast水文站hydrometricalstation水文站网hydrologicalnetwork水文资料整编hydrologicaldataprocessing水系(河系,河网)hydrographicnet(riversystem)水下爆破underwaterblasting水下地形测量undergroundtopographicsurvey水下混凝土浇筑underwaterconcreting水下接地网underwaterearthednetwork水压力hydraulicpressure水跃hydrau

36、licjump水跃长度lengthofhydraulicjump水跃高度heightofhydraulicjump水跃函数hydraulicjumpfunction水跃消能率coefficientofenergydissipationofhydraulicjump水运动学Hydrokinematics水运动学及水动力学Hydrokinematicsandhydrodynamics水闸sluice(barrage)水闸类型Classificationofsluices水闸组成部分Componentsofsluice水质waterquality水质标准waterqualitystandard水质监

37、测站waterqualitymonitoringstation水质评价waterqualityassessment水质污染Waterqualitypollution水质预报waterqualityforecast水中起动startinginwater水中起动力矩startingtorqueinwater水柱watercolumn水坠坝sluicingsiltationearthdam水准测量leveling水准点benchmark水准路线levelingline水准器分划值(水准器角值，水准器格值)scalevalueoflevel水准网平差adjustmentoflevelingnetwor

38、k水准仪(水平仪)level水准仪与经纬仪Levelandtheodolite水资源waterresources水资源规划waterresourcesplanning水资源开发利用Developmentandutilizationofwaterresources水资源开发利用waterresourcesdevelopment税金tax顺坝longitudinaldike（trainingdike）顺坡（正坡）positiveslope顺行波advancingdownstreamwave顺序控制系统sequentialcontrolsystem顺直型河流straightriver瞬动电流inst

39、antaneousactingcurrent瞬发雷管（即发雷管）instantaneousblastingcap瞬时沉降（弹性沉降,初始沉降,形变沉降）initialsettlement瞬时单位线instantaneousunithydrograph瞬时电流速断保护（无时限电流速断保护）instantaneousovercurrentcut-offprotection瞬时流速instantaneousvelocity瞬态法finiteincrementmethod死库容（垫底库容）deadstorage死区deadband死水位minimumpoollevel（deadwaterlevel）松

40、动爆破looseningblasting（crumblingblasting）松方loosemeasure松散系数bulkfactor素混凝土（无筋混凝土）plainconcrete素图simplemap速动时间常数promptitudetimeconstant速度环量velocitycirculation速度三角形velocitytriangle速凝（瞬时凝结）quickset（flashset）速凝剂accelerator塑料导爆管（传爆管）plasticprimacordtube塑限（塑性限度,塑性界限含水量）plasticlimit塑性铰plastichinge塑性指数plastici

41、tyindex溯源冲刷淤积backwarderosiondeposition算术平均粒径arithmeticmeandiameter算术平均水头arithmeticaveragehead算术平均效率arithmeticaverageefficiency随动系统servosystem随动系统不准确度inaccuracyofservosystem随机波randomwave随机性水文模型（非确定性水文模型）stochastichydrologicalmodel碎部点（地形特征点）detailpoint碎裂结构clasticstructure碎屑结构clastictexture隧洞衬砌tunnelli

42、ning隧洞导流tunneldiversion隧洞渐变段tunneltransitionsection隧洞开挖tunnelexcavation隧洞排水tunneldrainage隧洞钻孔爆破法（隧洞钻爆法）drill-blasttunnelingmethod损失容积（死容积）lostvolume缩限（收缩界限）shrinkagelimit锁坝closuredike锁定装置dogdevice（latchdevice,gatelockdevice）锁锭装置lockingdevice（checkingdevice）它励（它激）separateexcitation塔式进水口towerintake踏面r

43、ollingface台车式启闭机platformhoist台阶结构面stepstructuralplane台阶掘进法headingandbenchmethod坍落度slump坍落拱collapsearch探槽exploratorytrench探洞exploratoryadit探井exploratoryshaft探坑exploratorypit碳素钢（碳钢）carbonsteel塘堰pond掏槽孔（掏槽眼）cuthole套管casingpipe套闸（双埝船闸）doubledikelock特大暴雨extraordinaryrainstorm特大洪水extraordinaryflood特高压（特高电压）ultra-highvoltage（U.H.V.）特类钢（C类钢）typeCsteel特殊地区施工增加费additionalcostforspecialcondition特殊荷载specialload（unusualload）特殊荷载组合specialloadcombination特性和参数Characteristi