2020届上海黄浦区高三二模英语试题及答案解析

1、2020上海市黄浦区高三英语二模I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossi

2、bleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Inanartgallery.B.Inaclassroom.C.InarailwaystationD.Inaward.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,sir.Visitinghoursareover.Yourwifemustgetsomerest.M:Oh,I'msorry,doctor.Ididn'thearthebell,orIwouldhavelefte

3、arlier.Q:Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?2 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.5weeks.B.15weeks.C.20weeks.D.25weeks.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:HowareyougettingalongwiththeAdvancedEnglishcourse?W:ThankGoodness,it'salmostover.I'vefinished3/4oftheclassesandnowonly5weeksleft.Q:HowlongdoestheAdvancedEnglishco

4、urselast?3 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.AChineserestaurant.B.Bill'scompany.C.GoldRoad.D.TheGroundTheatre.【答案】D【原文】W:Bill,I'llgototheGroundTheatretonight,butI'veneverbeentherebefore.It'ssaidGoldRoadisclosetoit.AndIrememberyourcompanyisonthatroad,isn'tit?M:GroundTheatre?Actually,itisjustne

5、xttoaChineserestaurant,fiveminutes'walkfromGoldRoad.Q:.Whereisthewomangoingtonight?4 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Egg.B.Fish.C.PorkD.Steak【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Areyoureadytoorder?Whatsortoffooddoyoulike?Areyouavegetarianordoyouhaveanyspecialfoodrequirements?W.Iamnotavegetarian.ButIdonoteatanymeat.Ireallylikese

6、afood.Q:Whichfoodisthewomanmostprobablygoingtoorder?5 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Whatthedepartmentlibraryoffers.B. Wherethemancanfindwhathewants.C. Whatprofessionalarticlesthemanneeds.D. Wheregeneralbooksareavailable.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Sinceyouwanttofindprofessionalarticlesinacertainfield,you'dbetteruset

7、hedepartmentlibrary.Hereyoucanborrowsomegeneralbooks,likenovels,andtextbooks,etc.M:IguessImightaswellgotothedepartmentlibrary.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?6 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Haveajobinterview.B. Makeantadvertisement.C. Opentheletterbox.D. BuyacopyofDailyMail.【答案】A【解析】【原文】MHello,I&#

8、39;mcallingtoaskaboutthepositionadvertisedinFriday'sDailyMail.W:Yes.Thepositionisstillopen.Youcouldcomeoverandhaveatalkwithus.Q:Whatwillthemanmostprobablydonext?7 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Hewillhanditintomorrow.B. It'sadifficultjobforhim.C.It'saboutastrike.D.He'llconsulthisfriendaboutit

9、.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Nowyouwanttoconsultmeaboutyourclasspresentation.You'reduetogiveitinnextweek,aren'tyou?M:That'sright,madam.AndI'mreallystrugglingQ:Whatdoesthemanimplyabouthisclasspresentation?8 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A. Workwithhercolleagues.B. Makecoffeeforothers.C. Stayaloneintheoffice.

10、D. Socializewithherco-workers.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:Whatdoyouusuallydointhelunchhour?W:Iusedtohavelunchalone,butnow,Iliketomakeitmoresocial,tohaveacoffee,andthingslikethat,soIoftengowithcolleaguesfromwork.Q:Whatdoesthewomanusuallydointhelunchhour?9 .【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Studentspreferlivingoutoftown.B. It&#

11、39;simpossibletofindanideallylocatedtown.C. Theyhavetheflatthatwillsatisfythewoman.D. Hewillmakesurewherethevacanciesare.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I'mlookingforaflat.Doyouhaveanyrecommendationforstudentslikeme?Itwillbebetterifitislocatedoutoftown.M:WehavemorevacanciesoutoftownQ:Whatdoesthemanmean?10.【此处可播放

12、相关音频，请去附件查看】A.Heoftengoesbackhomelatefordinner.BHesharessomeofthehouseholdduties.C. Hedinesoutwithfriendsfromtimetotime.D. Hecooksdinnerforthefamilyoccasionally.【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】M:Pleasecomein.I'mjustgettingreadytogohome.Susanisexpectingmefordinner.Iwantittobeontimeforac.hange.W:Look,I'mterr

13、iblysorrytodropinatthistimeonFriday,Paul.Butitisratherimportant.Q:WhatcanbelearnedaboutPaulfromtheconversation?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseveralpassagesandlongerconversations,aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationswillbereadtwice,bu

14、tthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.Tofollowthepopulartrend.B.Toenjoyrelaxingatmosphere.C.Toexperienceadifferentlifestyle.D.Toconsumeatourpac

15、kage.12. A.Convenience.B.Price.C.Privacy.D.Time.13. A.B&Bplaces.B.Flats.C.Hotels.D.Youthhostels.Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.Cooperationskills.B.Reasoningskills.C.Searchingskills.D.Surgeryskills.15. A.Casual.B.Doubtful.C.Neutral.D.Supportive.16. A.Playinggamesintherealworld.B.Con

16、centratingonstudy.C.Applyinggameskillstowork.D.Thinkingaboutcareerprospects.Questionsarebasedonthefollowingpassage.17. A.12%.B.40%C.72%.D.80%.18. A.Theyareeasytotakecareof.C.Theyrequirespecificcommitment.19. A.Itmultipliesshoppingtrips.C.Itencouragesfertilizeruse.20. A.Impactsandapproachesofpollutio

17、n.B. Foundersandmissionsofacommunity.C. Benefitsandproblemsofhouseplants.D. Studiesandworriesofaninitiative.B.Theygrowvigorouslyingardens.D.Theyarehelpfulforeconomy.B.Itisawasteofenergy.D.Itincreasesthedemandforplastic11. GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillinthebl

18、ankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.LegowantsyouroldLegosbackIfyouhaveaboxofoldLegobrickssittingunusedinagarage,Legonowwantsthemback.Inanewprogram,consumersinth

19、eU.S.candumpoldbricksinabox,printafreeshippinglabel,andsendthemofftoGiveBackBox,asocialenterprise11willcleanthetoysandrepackagethemforTeachforAmericaandtheBoysandGirlsClubofBoston.“TheclassicLegobrickismadefromatoughmaterial12(call)ABS,andthetoyscanbeplayedwithfordecadeswithoutbreaking.It'salrea

20、dyfairlycommon,ofcourse,that113egos(hand)downfromonechildtoanother."saysBrooks,vicepresidentofcorporateresponsibilityatLegoGroup.quality.“Wewanttomakesurethatallkidsaregettingagreatexperience,“hesays."YoustThecompanylookedforapartnerthatcouldprocesstheusedtoyswhile14(maintain)Lego'ssta

21、ndardofpandt“YoucanbuildarocketandthenyoucaBrookssays.Astoysarereused,thatinferiorexperience15thebricksaredonated.Iftheprogramgoeswell,Heseesit17oneversionofthecirculareconomy,asystemofkeepingmaterialsinuse-andarguesthatthetoysthemselvesillustratetheideaofthecirculareconomy.18apartandbuildaship,orac

22、ar,orahouse,or19youlike,anothercircularsystem.Weintend20(show)thatgreatqualitytoyslikeLegocanbeusedinlotsofrepeatingcircles-used,reused,donated,used,reused,donated.”【答案】11.that/which12. called13.arehanded14. maintaining15. although16. may/might17. as18.it/that19. whatever20. toshow【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一

23、个新项目，项目的目的是重复利用像乐高这样高质量的玩具。【11题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在这个新项目中，美国的消费者可以将旧砖块倒进箱子里，打印上免费送货标签，然后把他们送去GiveBackBox,这是一个社会企业，会清理这些玩具，为美国和波士顿男孩女孩俱乐部重新打包。分析句子可知，空白处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是asocialenterprise,从句用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。【12题详解】考查过去分词。句意：经典的乐高积木由坚硬的材料制作，被称为ABS,这些玩具可以玩几十年不坏。分析句子可知，ismade是句子的谓语，call要用非谓语形式；call与

24、逻辑主语material间是被动关系，用过去分词做后置定语，故填calledo【13题详解】考查动词语态。句意：当然，把乐高从一个孩子传给另一个孩子也相当常见。分析句子可知，空白处做谓语；hand与Legos是被动关系，要用bedone；文章用的一般现在时态，且主语是Legos,故填arehanded。【14题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个公司在寻找合作伙伴，可以在维持乐高质量的同时，加工这些用过的玩具。分析句子可知，couldprocess是句子的谓语，maintain要用非谓语形式；maintain与逻辑主语apartner间是主动关系，用现在分词（doing）o故填maintainin

25、go【15题详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管积木是捐赠的，但你不应该有太糟糕的体验。此处表示转折，意为“尽管”，故填althougho【16题详解】考查情态动词。句意：如果项目顺利，Brooks说它也许会扩大。空白处表“可能、也许"，用情态动词may/might。故填may/might。【17题详解】考查介词。句意：他把它看成循环经济的一个版本，一种保持材料使用的体系，他认为玩具本身阐释了循环经济的概念。空白处表“作为”，as做介词解时，意为“作为”。故填as。【18题详解】考查代词。句意：你可以造火箭，然后把它拆开了造轮船、车或者房子，或者任何你喜欢的东西。分子句子可知，空白处指

26、代前面的arocket,可以用it/that。故填it/that。【19题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你可以造火箭，然后把它拆开了造轮船、车或者房子，或者任何你喜欢的东西。分析句子可知，空白处引导宾语从句，做build和like的宾语，意为“任何事物”，故填whatevero【20题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：我们打算展示的是，高质量的玩具，比如乐高，可用于许多循环使用中，使用、重复使用，捐赠，再使用，重复使用，捐赠。intendtodo是固定搭配，因为“打算做”。故填toshow。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenf

27、romthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.backupB.borderlinesC.breathlesslyD.connectivityE.deskboundF.divorcingG.functionsI.presenceH.interruptingJ.reluctantlyK.updateHowtoworkfromhomeTherearemanythingsthatcontributetobecomingasuccessfulwork-from-homeemployee.Asmore

28、companiesacrossnearlyeveryindustryaccommodateanincreasingnumberofemployeeswishingtoavoidtrafficjamandofficecoldlunch,remoteworkhasbecomeanincreasinglyeasyand21practicaloptionformanywhoseekit.Hereisamodestguidetobecomingasuccessfulremoteemployee.Before22completelyfromtheoffice,checkwithyourcorporateI

29、Tdepartmentandyourmanagertoseeifyouareequippedwiththeprogramsandapplicationsnecessarytoworkremotely.Securityfirst:Ifyouconnecttoyourcompany'sinternalsystemsoremailthroughaVirtualPrivateNetworkorothersecuretunnel,makesureyoutesteditandthatit23fromwhereyouplantowork.Also,havea(n)24planintheeventyo

30、urconnectionexperiencesdisturbance.Thesameadviceappliestointernet25.Imakesurethatifthewirelessinternetinmyhomeofficefails,Icanstillconnectseamlesslythroughmysmartphone,setupasaWi-Fihotspot.Todothis,makesureyouhavetherightwirelessplan,especiallyifyouhandlelargefiles.Theabilitytocommunicatequicklyandr

31、eliablyisthemostpricelessattributearemoteemployeeneedstosucceed.Do26yourmanagerorbossfrequently.Makesurethey'reinstalledandyouknowhowtousethandmakeyour27knowntoyourcolleagueswhenyouareavailableandworking.Set28ifyou'reworkingathomebyexplainingtofamilymembersorchildrenthatyourworkareaisofflimi

32、ts,andtheyshouldavoid29unlessit'simportant.Findtimetogoforshortwalkstohelpinspireproductivityandcreativity.Oneoftheblessingsofworkingremotelyistheopportunitytoliveamoreactivelifestyleinsteadofbeing30,butit'simportanttomakeactivityahabit.【答案】21.C22.F23.G24.A25.D26.K27.I28.B29.H30.E【解析】这是一篇说明文

33、。文章就怎样在家工作给出了一些建议。【21题详解】考查副词。句意：因为几乎每一个行业都有更多的公司，能容纳越来越多希望避免交通堵塞和办公室冷餐的雇员。对找工作的人而言，远程工作已经变成了一种越来越简单和令人吃惊地实用的选择。practical是形容词，用副词修饰；breathlessly是副词，意为“气喘吁吁地，令人目瞪口呆地、吃惊地”，符合语境。故选Co【22题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：在完全离开办公室前，向公司IT部门和经理咨询，看你是否有远程工作需要的程序和应用软件。空白处谓语介词before之后，应该该用动词ing形式；divorcefrom意为“脱离”，符合句意，因此填divorci

34、ng。故选F。【23题详解】考查动词。句意：如果你连接到公司的内部系统，或者通过虚拟专用网络或其他安全隧道发送电子邮件，确保你已经测试过了，而且它从你计划工作的地方起作用。分析句子可知，空白处填动词做谓语，用一般现在时态；function作动词解时，意为“起作用，正常运转”，符合语境，因此填functionso故选G。【24题详解】考查名词。句意：也要有备用计划，在你的连接受干扰时用。分析句子可知，空白处填单数名词；backup是名词，意为“后备计划”，符合语境。故选A。【25题详解】考查名词。句意：相同的建议也适用于互联网连接。根据下文可以看出，该段的主旨是网络连接，connectivity

35、是名词，意为“连接”，符合语境，故选Do【26题详解】考查动词。句意：一定要经常更新你的经理或老板。根据上下文可知，该句是说要及时更新与老板和经理的联系。update是动词，意为“更新"，故选Ko【27题详解】考查名词。句意：确保它们已安装，并且你知道如何使用它们，当你有空能工作时，让你的同事知道你的出勤。下文whenyouareavailableandworking说明我能出勤；presence是名词，意为“出勤、出席”，符合语境。故选I。【28题详解】考查名词。句意：设定界限。如果你在家工作，给家庭成员或者孩子解释清楚，你的工作区域禁止入内，而且除非很重要，否则他们应该避免打扰你

36、。下文explainingtofamilymembersorchildrenthatyourworkareaisofflimits.说明在家工作是有界限的；borderline是可数名词，意为“界限"，故选B。【29题详解】考查动词。句意：设定界限。如果你在家工作，给家庭成员或者孩子解释清楚，你的工作区域禁止入内，而且除非很重要，否则他们应该避免打扰你。根据上下文，这里是说在家工作时，如果没有重要的事情，不要打扰我工作；interrupt是动词，意为“打扰”；avoid后接动词ing形式，故选H。【30题详解】考查形容词。句意：远程工作的一个好处是，有机会过一种更积极的生活方式，而不

37、是埋头做事的。分析句子可知，空白处与active相反；deskbound是形容词，意为“埋头事务的；书呆子气的”，符合语境，故选E。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Retailers（零售商）closedmorethan9,000storesin2019.Somepeoplecal

38、lwhathashappenedtotheshoppinglandscape“theretail31.“Itiseasytochalkituptotheriseof-eommerce,whichhasthrivedwhilephysicalstoresstruggle.Butthiscanbe32.Onlinesaleshavegrowntremendouslyinthelast20years,butInternetshoppingstillrepresentsonly11percentoftheentireretailsalestotal.Collectively,threemajor33f

39、orceshavehadanevenbiggerimpactonbrick-and-mortarretailthantheInternethas.Tobeginwithwehavechanged34weshop-awayfromsmallerstoreslikethoseinmallsandtowardstand-alone“BigBox"stores,whichisagreaterproblemformostphysicalstores.Also,Risingincome35hasleftlessofthenationmoneyinthehandsofthemiddleclass,

40、andthetraditionalretailstoresthat36themhavesuffered.Itisestimatesthatsince1970,theshareofthenationincomeearnedbyfamiliesinthemiddleclasshasfallenfromalmosttwo-thirdstoaround40percent.Asthe37ofincomeatthetop|Hverallretailsufferssimplybecausehigh-incomepeoplesaveamuchlargershareoftheirmoney.Thegovernm

41、lllreports38fordifferentincomelevelsintheofficialConsumerExpenditureSurvey.InthelatestfPa,peopleinthetop10percentofincome39almostathirdoftheirincomeaftertaxes.Peopleinthemiddleoftheincomedistributionspent100percentoftheirincome.40,asthemiddleclasshasbeensqueezedandmorehasgonetothetop,ithasmeanthighe

42、rsavingratesoverall.Lastly,Wehavespent41lessofincomeonthingsandmoreonservices.Since1960,wewentfromspending5percentofourincomeonhealthtoalmost18percent,governmentstatisticsshow.Wespendmoreoneducation,entertainment,businessservicesandallsortsofotherproductsthataren42intraditionalretail'tstores.Eco

43、nomistsdebatetheoriesofwhywehave43toservicesandawayfromgoodsbutnoonequestionsthatithashappened.Itmeansthatovertime,retailersselling44.willhavetorunharderandharderjusttostayinplace.Inshort,thebroadforceshittingretailaremorealessonineconomicsthaninthepowerof45.It'salessonallretailerswillhavetolear

44、nsomeday.31.A.businessB.disasterC.investmentD.strategy32.A.advancedB.confirmedC.overstatedD.undervalued33.A.economicB.legalC.physicalD.political34.A.howB.whatC.whereD.why35.A.distributionB.inequalityC.levelD.tax36.A.aimatB.approveofC.competewithD.stemfrom37.A.concentrationB.influenceC.securityD.sour

45、ce38.A.educationB.employmentC.housingD.spending39.A.concealedB.donatedC.earnedD.saved40.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.MoreoverD.Therefore41.A.cautiouslyB.intelligentlyC.proportionatelyD.prospectively42.A.availableB.insufficientC.popularD.uncommon43.A.appliedB.committedC.shiftedD.tied44.A.ideasB.patentsC.servi

46、cesD.things45.A.consumptionB.habitC.incomeD.technology【答案】31.B32.CC42.A43.C33.A34.C44.D45.D35.B36.A37.A38.D39.D40.D41.【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章就零售业面临的寒冬作了分析，指出并非是电商崛起抢占了零售业的市场份额，而是出于一些经济方面的原因。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人将这种情况称为“零售灾难”。A.business生意；B.disaster灾难；C.investment投资；D.strategy策略。根据前文描述的2019年有9000多家零售商倒闭推断，应该指

47、的是零售界的一场灾难。故选B项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这可能是夸张了。A.advanced提前；B.confirmed确认；C.overstated夸大；D.undervalued低估。从下文的分析来看，网上购物并没有对零售业造成太大的影响，所以这里要表达所谓的电商威胁到了零售业是比较夸张的说法。故选C项。A.economic【33题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：三大主要的经济力量对实体零售商的影响远比网络来得大得多。经济的；B.legal合法的；C.physical生理的；D.political政治的。后文分为三部分详述了三个影响因素，显然都是经济方面的。故选A项。【34

48、题详解】考查名词性从句。句意：首先，我们改变了购物的地点一一从像购物中心那样的小商店转向了独立的“大”商店，这对大多数实体店来说是一个更大的问题。A.how如何；B.what什么；C.where在那里；D.why为什么。从后句破折号解释的句子来看，是在说明购物地点的改变，所以要用where来引导名词性从句表示“的地方”。故选C项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，收入不平等加剧，使得国家的钱越来越少地落入中产阶级手中，针对中产阶级的传统零售店也受到了影响。A.distribution贡献；B.inequality不平等；C.level等级；D.tax税收。后文中用统计数据说明了中产阶

49、级家庭收入的占比在下降，也就是出现了不平衡的情况。故选B项。【36题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：此外，收入不平等加剧，使得国家的钱越来越少地落入中产阶级手中，针对中产阶级的传统零售店也受到了影响。A.aimat针对，目的在于；B.approveof赞成；C.competewith竞争；D.stemfrom源于。零售商与中产阶级的关系紧密，容易推断零售商的主要客户就是中产阶级。故选A项。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着收入向最顶端集中程度的上升，整体零售业受到影响，原因只是高收入人群把钱存起来的比例大得多。A.concentration集中；B.influence影响；C.secur

50、ity安全；D.source来源。与下文高收入人士人群把钱存起来的比例大加大可以推断，这里指资金在上层阶级的集中，也与前文的收入不平衡呼应。故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府在官方的消费者支出调查中报告了不同阶层的消费情况。A.education教育；B.employment雇佣；C.housing住房；D.spending消费，支出。这里与expenditure对应，指政府对于消费情况的调查。故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：最新数据显示，收入最高的10%勺人将税后收入的近三分之一存了起来。A.concealed隐瞒；B.donated捐赠；C.earned挣

51、；D.saved节省，保存。根据ithasmeanthighersavingratesoverall总结的储蓄率增长可以推断，这里指高收入人士将税后收入的近三分之一存了起来。故选D项。【40题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，随着中产阶级被压榨而更多的人跃居高收入阶级，就意味着储蓄率总体变高了。A.Instead而不是；B.However然而；Moreover此外；D.Therefore因此。分析语境可知，最终要得出的结论是储蓄率上升，这与前面所提的事实存在因果关系。故选D项。【41题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们在物品上的支出占收入的比例下降，而在服务上的支出增加。A.cauti

52、ously谨慎地；B.intelligently智能地；C.proportionately相称地，成比例地；D.prospectively预期地。这里有在实体和服务上花销的一个对比，即存在一种相对关系。故选C项。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们把更多的钱花在了教育、娱乐、商业服务和其他各种传统零售店买不到的产品上。A.available可获取的；B.insufficient不足白C.popular受欢迎的；D.uncommon不寻常的。前面列举的都是服务项目，与实体形成对比，这些服务都是零售店提供不了的。故选A项。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：经济学家们在争辩为何我们都远离

53、实物转向了服务。A.applied应用；B.committed承诺，委托；C.shifted转移，变换；D.tied系，连接。这里承接上文继续说明人们重服务轻商品的现象，即远离商品、转向服务。故选C项。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这意味着随着时间流逝，出售实物的零售商们要想生存下去会越来越艰难。A.ideas主意；B.patents专禾1;C.services服务；D.things事物。与前文“lessofincomeonthingsandmoreonservices"对应，零售商们难以生存就是因为他们销售的是实物商品。故选D项。【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：简言之

54、，打击零售业的广泛力量更多的是经济学方面的因素，而不是技术的力量。A.consumption消费；B.habit习惯；C.income收入；D.technology技术。根据上文Collectively,threemajor3forceshavehadanevenbiggerimpactonbrick-and-mortarretailthantheInternethas.可知，零售业的寒冬并非是网络技术发展、电商崛起造成的结果，而更多地源于经济因素。故选D项。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollow

55、edbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)KatherineJonson,winnerofthepresidentialmedialoffreedom,refusedtobelimitedbysociety5expectationsofhergenderandracewhileexpand

56、ingthebordersofhumanitysreach-PresidentBarackObama,2015Usinglittlemorethanapencilaslideruleandoneofthefinestmathematicalmindsinthecountry,Mrs.Johnson,whodiedat101,calculatedtheprecisepaththatwouldletApollo11landonthemoonin1969and,afterNeilArmstrong'shistory-makingmoonwalk,letitreturntoEarthWetth

57、roughoutMrs.Johnson's33yearsinNASAN&FlightResearchDivisionandfordecadesafterward,almostnooneknewhername.Shewasjustoneofthoseunheraldedwomenwho,wellbeforethemodemfeminist（女权）movement,workedasNASAmathematicians.ButitwasnotonlyhergenderthatkeptherlongmarginalizedandlongunsungKatherineJohnson,aWestVirginianative,wasalsoAfrican-American.Butovertime,theworkofMrs.Johnsonandhercolleagues-countlesscalculationsdonemainlybyhand,usingsliderules,chartpaperandinefficientdesktopcalculatingmachines-wonthemalevelof