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1、Lesson54Instinctorcleverness?是本能还是机智Newwordsandexpression生词和短语学习词汇时仅知道汉语语义是不够的,要把单词放在语句中体会其应用学习关键句结构是则要把它放在段落结构或文章里Insect昆虫worm侧重指蚯蚓、蚕、毛虫等小而无骨的虫。还可以指人或动物体内的寄生虫,以及昆虫的幼虫。pest指有害的昆虫或有害的小动物。害虫bug指小昆虫,尤指吸血的臭虫,也可指细菌。insect含义广泛,多指蚂蚁、黄蜂、蝉等等。六只脚,三部分parasite寄生虫wagev.进行(斗争)Ifaperson,group,orcountrywagesacampai

2、gnorawar,theystartitandcontinueitoveraperiodoftime.发动(运动或战争)=beginandcontinueastruggle=carryon表示开始进行=launch发起(重大活动、战役)=undertaketodo着手-Heundertooktoinformpeopleconcerned.wageawaragainst/on/upon就什么方面展开斗争-Lifemeansperpetualstruggleagainstpoverty.engagein不仅开展,而且全身心地投入beengagedin/bedeterminedonsth/beded

3、icatedtosth/bedevotedtosth2、工资、报酬dailywageearnings多指通过劳动或投资等手段所得到的收入。income与earnings含义很相近,但前者强调总收入。wage多用复数形式,指按小时、日或星期的报酬,通常指体力劳动者的工资。pay是个通用词,可取代salary与wage.salary指按年定下,按月或星期平均给予的报酬,指脑力劳动者的薪水。allowance指收入中的补贴部分。津贴(eg:取暖费、高温补贴)Kickback回扣pension养老金,退休金bonus奖金,分红(年终奖,腾讯有部分是24-36个月)commission佣金(提供服务,雇

4、佣兵,杀手,能叫工资吗?)另:委托、委员会fund基金(专款资金)foundation基金会(地基;房基;基础)(组织,fund才是钱)contaminatekn'tmineitv.弄脏,玷污书面一些,新闻报道:makedirtyorbadorimpurebymixingwithdirtyorpoisonousmatterIfsomethingiscontaminatedbydirt,chemicals,orradiationtheymakeitdirtyorharmful.V污染contaminate指有害或不良脏物传布遍及原本纯净之物,常指一种缓慢的、间接传播的、意想不到的,或为一

5、般手段所无法察觉的变化,如病菌、放射性尘埃或其他有害化学物质所造成的污染。如果用来形容环境污染,pollute是最好的;contaminate形容较小的污染,比如说要检验的样品里混进了细菌就叫做contaminatedspecimen-Don'teattheapple.Ithasbeencontaminatedbyflies.-Don'treadthehotstory(黄色书刊)justbecauseitwillcontaminate(毒害)yourmind.pollutev.污染pollute泛指使水面、空气、大气环境变脏,不适于在其中生活或使用,所涉及的不洁物常常是大宗的、

6、广泛的、直接可见的。-Theairhasbeenpollutedseverely/terribly/badly.poisonvt污染(较口语化)-Gvocationn.惹怒,激怒provokev.l、激怒;煽动(对挑衅)2、引起=makeangryorbad-tempered/cause挑衅,引起,激起-Hewasprovokedbeyondhisendurance.-Hewasprovokedanditwasmorethanhecouldendure他是怒不可遏。arousev.激起-Thebookarou

7、ses/provokesmyinterest.bringabout/resultin/leadto/giverisetoprovokesb'sinterestinsth激起某人兴趣provokesbtodo/provokesbintodoing/causesbtodosth致使某人做某时-Youprovokedhimtosayso,why?Spider蜘蛛spidersilk蜘蛛丝spiderwebn.蜘蛛网Wasp黄蜂(胡峰)Bumblebee'bAmblbi:大黄蜂hornetho:nit大黄蜂BBB准确的翻译是“熊蜂”蜜蜂中一些虎背熊腰的种类的统称。简而言之呢,三点:细腰

8、亚目类的昆虫,大致可分为三类:蚂蚁/Ant,蜜蜂/Bee,和黄蜂/Wasp(胡蜂、黄蜂,都是一种东西。)BBB是属于蜜蜂/Bee这一大类的,是熊蜂,个头比较大,可以视为“虎背熊腰的蜜蜂”:一般蜜蜂体长约1.3cm,而熊蜂体长在2.5cm左右。Hornet是黄蜂/Wasp这一大类的,其中那些个头比较大的Wasp被叫做Hornet:亚洲大黄蜂/Asiangianthornet的体长可以达到4cmBBB在这种大黄蜂面前就是一顿饭。从这一点来说,中文里将USSWasp叫做“黄蜂号”,而称F/A-18为“大黄蜂”,是相当准确的。MothmnO飞蛾Silkworm蚕pupa'pju:p蛹larva

9、'la:v幼虫adult成虫Ant蚂蚁revulsionn'vAlJnn.厌恶(极端厌恶)八级对象介词一般用at=disgustn.厌恶,嫌恶vt.使厌恶;使作呕=dislikeBefilledwith,feel充满,感到cause引起反感express表达反感conceal掩饰反感Hordeho:d群(一大群)八级2、(游牧)部落tribe部落uncannyAn'knia.神秘的,不可思议的(strangeanddifficulttoexplain离奇的程度高八级)Thehero,Danny,bearsanuncannyresemblancetoKirkDouglas

10、主人翁丹尼与柯克道格拉斯出奇地相像。mysteriousa.神秘的-Theyareleadingamysteriouslife.-Inspiteofthis,hesurvivedmysteriously.eeriea.怪诞的,奇异的-Helookseerie.-Whathesaidiseerietome.eerieiriadj.引起恐惧的,可怕的(strangeandfrighteningcausingafeelingofmysteryandfear)theeeriesoundofanowlhootsintheforestatnight夜晚猫头鹰在森林里发出令人恐怖的叫声。intheeerie

11、silence令人恐怖的寂静之中eerilyADV怪异地;可怕地weirda.怪异的,怪诞的,奇异的-Ican'tgetalongwellwithhimbecauseheisaweirdperson.erasev.擦,抹去-Erasetheideafromyourmind!-Heerasesthenamefromthenamelist.Allmenarecreatedequal.Nomatterhowhardyoutryyoucannevererasethosewords.ThatiswhatAmericais.writeoff把勾销,注销crossoff把划去-Thewordisun

12、necessaryhere,soitcrossedoff.wipeout完全擦掉-Iwanttowriteontheblackboard,soIhavetowipeallthewordshereout.-Ican'timagingwhyyouraresohot,pleasewipeoutsweatonyourface.Prayingmantis螳螂Mantismentis螳螂Locust'lsuksst蝗虫、蚂蚱;洋槐=grasshopper蝗虫、蚂蚱entranceda.出神的entrancen/vt:carryawaywithjoyanddelight(forv.)in&#

13、39;tra:ns;(forn.)'entrsnsn.入口;进入vt.使出神,使入迷entrancetotheroom/hall介词tobeentrancedinthought想得入了迷/出了神介词in-Idon'tknowwhathehasinhismind,anywayheisentrancedinthought.beentrancedwithfear吓得魂不附体介词with-Atthestoryatnight,Iwasentrancedwithfear.bepleasedwith/besatisfiedwith/bepopularwith/entrancedwith+Pe

14、rformance/film/book表示入迷-Hewasentrancedwithfilm.-Areyouentrancedwiththestory?-Helistenedtothestoryentranced.-Thewriterwatchedantsentranced.形容词做状语Beetle甲虫aninsectwithahardcoveringtoitsbodydungbeetledA©n.(动物的)粪,粪肥;肮脏的东西v.(动物)排泄粪便;施粪肥于shelteredadj伤不着的,无危险的shelter通常指寻找安全地方躲避风雨或使人免遭危害。guard普通用词,指保持警惕

15、以防可能的攻击或伤害。harbour贬义词,指隐匿或非法保护、窝藏。safeguard语气强,指采取积极措施预防可能发生的一切攻击或危险。defend普通用词,指用武力或其它措施使人或物不受损害,消除危险。用作比喻时,指坚持某种行动、决定或意见。shield语气比protect强,但侧重防止迫在眉睫的攻击或伤害。protect普通用词,指用某种手段作为防御工具以防危险或伤害。Luscious'lAfbs甘美的(满足感官的)八级sweetandjuicy1、Lusciousfoodisjuicyandverygoodtoeat.美味多汁的Ifyoudescribeawomanorsome

16、thingaboutherasluscious,youmeanthatyoufindherorthisthingsexuallyattractive.性感的Cluster'klAst(r)一簇1、n(同类物丛生或聚集的)簇,团,束,串2、nAclusterofpeopleorthingsisasmallgroupofthemclosetogether.(人或物的)群,团,组3、V-IIfpeopleclustertogether,theygathertogetherinasmallgroup.(人)结成群Cluster(together)around丛生,聚集在周围inacluster

17、成群的Aphideifid蚜虫常复数形式Undersideandsaidn底面,下侧Darkside下面,底面;阴暗面Colony'knlni一群(生物学:群体,菌落)bacterialcolonyn.(细菌)菌落;细菌聚落社科类:殖民地特化:(某一类人的)聚居区semi-colony半殖民地semi-colonial半殖民的Oldchinawasasemifeudalandsemicolonialcountry'fju:dladj.封建制度的;领地的;colonize开拓殖民地;移居于殖民地colonial殖民的colonization殖民;殖民地化colonialism殖民

18、主义;殖民政策colonialist殖民主义者colonizer殖民者;殖民地开拓者sticky粘的stickvt.刺,戳;粘贴vi.坚持;粘住n.棍;手杖;sticker贴画stickv.粘住(-sticktheenvelop)n.信封stickto坚持(-sticktotheplan/sticktoone'spromise)n.许诺stickyadj.粘的(-stickyfingers)stickynote便利贴stickybusiness苦差事Clingkligv.粘(clung,clung,clinging)vi.坚持,墨守;紧贴;附着-Sheisalwaysclingingt

19、ohermother.bealwaysdoingsth带有感情。-Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.他怀有成功的希望Scurry'skariv小步跑(尤指因受惊而)急促跑书面八级ViWhenpeopleorsmallanimalsscurrysomewhere,theymovetherequicklyandhurriedly,especiallybecausetheyarefrightened.Swarmswo:mv聚集1、naof大群(蜜蜂等昆虫flyingtogether);(快速移动的)一大群人2、vi(蜜蜂或其他昆虫)大群移动3、vi(人群)

20、涌往somewhere4、V-IIfaplaceisswarmingwithpeople,itisfullofpeoplemovingaboutinabusyway.挤满usucontingenuityjnds'nju:tin.机灵(心灵手巧,善于创新;足智多谋)Ingenuityisskillatworkingouthowtoachievethingsorskillatinventingnewthings.善于仓U新;足智多谋-Theboyshowsingenuityinmakingtoys.某方面介词用in这男孩在制作玩具方面显得机灵。ingeniousndinis有独创性的;机灵

21、的,精制的;心灵手巧的六级Text课文Wehavebeenbroughtuptofearinsects.我们自幼就在对昆虫的惧怕中长大。或者是“在什么中长大成人”不需要纠结:不定式做主语补足语,补充说明主语成长过程中的状态,而非目的,beenbroughtup自幼sth/sbbesaid/reported/thought/believed/known/supposed+todosth.Wehavebeenbroughtuptoeatcertainfood.Wehavelearnttodo表示已经学会适应了什么。-Wehavelearnttofearinsects.-Girlshavebeenb

22、roughtuptofearmice.Weregardthemasunnecessarycreaturesthatdomoreharmthangood.我们把昆虫当作害多益少的无用东西。Regardas视为,当做as短语做宾补refertoas称为,当做domornharmthangood-Theexercisewilldoyougood.-Smokingwilldoyouharm.Wecontinuallywagewaronthem,fortheycontaminateourfood,carrydiseases,ordevourourcrops.人类不断同昆虫斗争,因为昆虫弄脏我们的食物,传

23、播疾病,吞噬庄稼。Wagewaragainst/wagewaronthemDisease,病毒传播快,spread-spread-spread一般用主动,一般而言是“传播力”而非“人为传播”devour吞噬v.狼吞虎咽地吃有三种意思:1. eatlikeananimal狼吞虎咽Thedogdevoursthecake.2. destroy吞灭,席卷Theflamedevoursthewholebuilding.火把整幢楼都吞没了3. takeineagerlywitheyes,ears,ormind贪婪地看、听、读(急切地读,这个意思用的最多,如饥似渴)Hiseyesdevouredthesc

24、ene.他两眼贪婪的看着这美丽的风景。Swallowvt.吞咽;忍受;吞没vi.吞下;咽下n.燕子;一次吞咽的量Theystingorbitewithoutprovocation;theyflyuninvitedintoourroomsonsummernights,orbeatageistourlightedwindows.它们无缘无故地又叮又咬;夏天的晚上,它们未经邀请便飞到我们房间里,或者对着露出亮光的窗户乱扑乱撞。flyuninvitedintoourrooms/withoutbeinginvited形容词做状语,这里是比较典型的用法,虽状语作用,但说的是they的状态Theyareun

25、invitedwhentheyflyintoourroomsonsummernights做定语时,light只能用lighted形式Weliveindreadnotonlyofunpleasantinsectslikespidersorwasps,butofquiteharmlessoneslikemoths.我们在日常生活中,不但憎恶如蜘蛛、黄蜂之类令人讨厌的昆虫,而且憎恶并无大害的飞蛾等。书面语中常常借助介词短语,作用:客观化准确化,同之前的多用被动化和名词化一样口语中Ididsoas/becauseIbelievethatyoucandoitwell.是因为我相信你能把这项工作做得很好。

26、书面语中Ihethoughtthat/inthehopethatin/under书面语中常使用-Evenhestilllivesundertheillusionthatcountrylifeismuchmorebeautiful.-Weliveundertheillusionthatcitylifeiswonderful.indread:infearindreadof害怕什么thedreadof.对什么的恐惧dreaddoing=dreadtodoDreadv惧怕(vt惧怕,畏惧,引申出担心n.恐惧,可怕的人(或物);(鸟群的)惊飞)Dread+

27、名词,动名词,动词不定式-Weweredreadinghisarrival.我们正担心他来呢!-Hedreadedhavingtomeethisparents.-Idreadtothinkwhatwillhappenifhefindsout.Dreadfuladj.令人恐惧的,令人不快的-adreadfuldisaster可怕的灾难dreadedadj.感到恐惧的terrifyvt.使恐怖,恐吓horrifyv.使恐怖,使极度厌恶,惊骇fearv.害怕,畏惧,为担心ones:insects在使用notonly,but(also)(aswell)句型时,要突出介词短语或动词短语中的介词,则此介词

28、要重复岀现。-Iliveindreadnotonlyofdogs,butofcats.beafraidof-Iamafraidnotonlyofdogs,butofcats.bothand也一样-Weliveindreadofbothdogsandcats.-IaminterestednotonlyinEnglish,butinFrench.Readingaboutthemincreasesourunderstandingwithoutdispellingourfears.阅读有关昆虫的书能增加我们对它们的了解,却不能消除我们的恐惧的心理。Increase关于增加Raiseone'sv

29、ision提高/开阔眼界openone'smind打开胸怀expandone'slifeplatform扩展平台注意without含有的“转折意”dispel:erase/getridof/remove消除,去除Knowingthattheindustriousantlivesinahighlyorganizedsocietydoesnothingtopreventusfromb&ngfilledwithrevulsionwhenwefindhordesofthemcrawlingoveracarefullypreparedpicniclunch.即使知道勤奋的蚂蚁生活

30、具有高度组织性的社会里,当看到大群蚂蚁在我们精心准备的午间野餐上爬行时,我们也无法抑制对它们的反感。Industriousnessn.勤奋arduous'a:djosa.艰苦的,艰难的(needingalotofstrengthandeffort)需要付出很多精力,体力-StudyingEnglishisaarduousjob.Lifeisanardousjourney;soweshouldlearntocherishlife.ous结尾的形容词industriousin'dAstrisa勤奋的,勤勉的,勤劳的hardworking普通用词laboriousl'bo:r

31、isa费时费力的,劳神的,strenuous'strenjusa.费力的,艰苦的。须全力以付的,比arduous强烈的多,同时表示奋发的diligentadj.勤奋,刻苦的,认真的名词diligence勤奋六级adiligentworkeradiligentstudentindustrious指由习惯养成或天性形成的勤奋。diligent多指为一定的目的或追求而勤奋。hard-workinganassiduouscollectoroffolksongs一个有顽强毅力的民歌收集者workaholicn.工作狂inahighlyorganizedsociety具有高度组织性的社会highl

32、ydisciplinedhighlevelofcivilizationhighdegreeofresponsibility-Weliveinahighlyorganizedsociety.doesnothingtodo不会起作用-Doingsodoesnothingtopreventmefromhatingyou.Preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事-Whateveryousaydoesnothingtopreventmefromattaining/accomplishingmygoal无论你说什么都不会Accomplishgoal/attaingoalAccompli

33、shaim/attainaimHorde/colonyCrawl/creep/climbcrawl贴地的状态creepv.1)tomoveinaquiet,carefulway悄悄地去,悄悄地缓慢行进creepintotheroom2) creepsinorcreepsback,withoutpeoplerealizingorwithoutthemwantingit.悄悄出现/而生实物比如蛇,抽象的比如脸红blush,消极的可以是Anincreasingratioofmistakes错误率3) sthcreepssomewhere,itmovesveryslowly.渐渐蔓延4) arateo

34、rnumbercreepsuptoahigherlevel,itgraduallyreachesthatlevel.攀升eg.Afaintblushcreptontoherface.Eg:Theinflationratehasbeencreepingupto9.5percent.通胀率Nomatterhowmuchwelikehoney,orhowmuchwehavereadabouttheuncannysenseofdirectionwhichbeespossess,wehaveahorrorofbeingstung.不管我们多么爱吃蜂蜜,或读过多少关于蜜蜂具有神秘的识别方向的灵感的书,我们

35、仍然十分害怕被蜂蜇。Nomatterhow:howevermuch注意这一句的转折隐藏在了句首。而转折处在wehaveahorrorof之前的学习中曾经出现过一次。Dread/fear/horror/terror语气逐步加强-Webecomeillogicalwhenwehaveahorrorofbeingstung.Mostofourfearsareunreasonable,buttheyareimpossibletoerase.我们的恐惧大部分是没有道理的,但去无法消除。ItisimpossibleforustodosthItisimpossibleforustoerasethefears

36、.Itiseasyforeveryonetoread./itiseasytoread.Atthesametime,however,insectsarestrangelyfas&nating.同时,不知为什么昆虫又是迷人的。Befascinatedwith对着迷Strangely/uncanny神秘的Weenjoyreadingaboutthem,especiallywhenwefindthat,liketheprayingmantis,theyleadperfectlyhorriblelives.Like引导的插入语find后面的that不可省,但位置可以换到they的前面Leadal

37、ife过一种生活Perfectly=completelyWeenjoystaringatthem,entrancedastheygoabouttheirbusiness,unaware(wehope)ofourpresence.我们喜欢看有关昆虫的书,尤其是当我们了解螳螂等过着一种令人生畏的生活时,就更加爱读有关昆虫的书了。Entranced,unaware,两个形容词短语做伴随状语goabouttheirbusiness:astheydowhattheyshoulddo干它们应该干的事astheygetdowntotheirbusiness-letusgetdowntoourbusiness

38、.让我们言归正传。-Youshouldgoaboutyourbusiness干你们应该干的事情。注意该句的平行结构。Whohasnotstoodinaweatthesightofaspiderpouncingonafly,oracolumnofantstriumphantlybearinghomeanenormousdeadbeetle?当看到蜘蛛扑向一只苍蝇时,一队蚂蚁抬着一只巨大的死甲虫凯旋归时,谁能不感到敬畏呢?首先whohasn't这种表达方法,修辞性疑问,期待得到回答或者无需回答,否定表示肯定Whydidn'tyoutellme?你早该告诉我whodoesn'

39、tknow地球人都知道Standinawe:fearbutrespect敬畏介词短语做状语awen.敬畏,惊叹;(古)使人敬畏的力量Atthesightof:assoonasyousee一看到.注意和on的区别同时,这里是介词短语结构,出现了逻辑主语aspider,or后面是并列结构,逻辑主语antsPounceon:jumpat/chargeat向什么猛扑过去Pouncevi1、(向某人)猛扑2、(动物、鸟等)猛扑(以捕杀)n.猛扑介词都是onStandinaweof敬畏什么-Generallyspeaking,employeesstandinaweoftheiremployer.-Inpr

40、imaryschool,pupilsstandinaweoftheirteacher.Acolomnofants一群蚂蚁Column1、(词典、报纸或图表等版面上的)竖栏2、(报刊的)专栏3、柱状物(引:纪念柱;圆形支柱)4、(人或动物行进的)长队Banner横幅Triumph'traiAmfn.胜利,凯旋;欢欣victory普通用词,主要指在战争、斗争或竞赛中获得的胜利,侧重艰辛与成功。triumph着重胜利或成功的辉煌与彻底。动词的正式用语相较win是prevail1、占上风2、获胜形容词triumphantadj.成功的;得意洋洋的;狂欢的trai'Amfnttriump

41、hantlytrai'Amfntli成功的,洋洋得意的Bearinghome结构中宾语较长,头重脚轻,把宾语后置bear在这里作及物动词,是“携带”的意思,尤指在移动中携带物体Bear几个特殊的动词用法:1、运送文学性2、携带正式3、承受;支撑4、带有(标记或特征)5、忍受,容忍6、生(孩子)老式7、承担(费用)、(责任)8、产生(利息)商业9、具有(相似之处或关系)resemblanceorrelationshipto10、开(花);结(果);长(枝叶)LastsummerIspentdaysinthegardenwatchingthousandsofantscrawlingupth

42、etrunkofmyprizepeachtree.去年夏天,我花了好几天时间站在花园里观察成千只蚂蚁爬上我那棵心爱的桃树的树干。Prize:dear=valued=treasured精神上的宝贵的,珍贵的vt则是珍视Trunk1、树干2、人体的躯干(正式)3、后备箱Ididn'treallyneedtoask.Icouldtellfromtheshapeoftheleavesandthetextureofthetrunk.Itwasasycamoretree.纹理,手感,(尤指食品、土壤等的)结构sikmo:(r)无花果,美国的梧桐树Thetreehasgrownagainstawar

43、mwallonashelteredsideofthehouse.靠着房子有遮挡一面的暖墙生长的现在完成时强调现在的结果Against表示倚靠Iamespeciallyproudofit,notonlybecauseithassurvivedseveralseverewinters,butbecauseitoccasionallyproduceslusciouspeaches.那棵树是靠着房子有遮挡的一面暖墙生长的。我为这棵树感到特别自豪,不仅因为它度过了几个寒冬终于活了下来,而且还因为它有时结出些甘甜的桃子来。如果要突出原因,则要重复because.Survivevt幸存于,比谁活的久surv

44、ivevi扔存在Suffer直接sufferfrom长期的,抽象的Severe极其严重的,极其严厉的Produce工厂生产,这里是树结果vt.生产;引起;创作;生育,繁殖我们之前学过特殊用法“出示”Sheproducedallsortsofweirdconcoctions,butnoneofthemmetwithHarry'srequirements.Producedv.takeout;bringout拿出,出示=showedDuringthesummer,Inoticedthattheleavesofthetreewerebeginningtowither.到了夏天,我发现树叶开始枯

45、萎.注意这里的进行时时态,结合了during,在这个期间noticed一个一直发生的动作,但是用了beginning,表示开始变得/怎样Wither'wi9(r)枯萎1、(花朵或植物)枯萎2、变虚弱常用witheraway类似fadeawayHorde/colony/column/cluster一般形容小的动物。Clustersoftininsectscalledaphidsweretobefoundontheundersideoftheleaves.结果在树叶背面找到成串的叫作蚜虫小虫子。Weretobefound/werefoundwereto在这里表示could/might,可能

46、性这是散文作者利用语言的多变性赋予句子一点诗意他想说的是couldbefound(可能有也可能没有),但是这样说太枯燥,并且和前一句werebeginningtowither没有呼应.写成weretobefound,就和werebeginningtowither并列起来,而且三个w(were,wither,were)给人一种韵感.一定不能写成werefound(被发现了,即一定有,每片叶子下都有),那样恐怕不符合事实,并且一点诗意也没有了.另外:See/find/congratulate常和beto搭配,用于被动语态Theboywasfoundbehindthedoor.口语中Theboywa

47、stobefoundbehindthedoor.书面语中-Hewascongratulatedbyhisfriends.-Hewastobecongratulatedbyhisfriends.Wecan'tfindhimanywhere./wecanfindhimnowhere.到处也找不见他Heisnowheretobefound/seen比较正式的书面用语Theywerevi或tedbyalargecolonyofantswhichobtainedasortofhoneyfromthem.蚜虫遭到一窝蚂蚁的攻击,蚂蚁从它们身上可以获得一种蜜。Visit“拜访”可以翻译成很多意思,警

48、察拜访贼窝,“突击”,疾病拜访“侵袭”。但这里翻译成“攻击”不好,我们知道这是一种“共生关系”,蚂蚁保护他们,甚至为他们提供食物,可以直接用“拜访”Whichobtained:toobtainIimmediatelyembarkedonanexperimentwhich,eventhoughitfailedtogetridoftheants,keptmefascinatedfortwenty-fourhours.我当即动手作了一项试验,这项试验尽管没有使我摆脱这些蚂蚁,却使我着迷了24小时。embarkedon:setouttodo/setaboutdoing正式的开始着手做某事embark登

49、上陆地,入境Disembarkdisim'ba:kv.下船上岸(=debark)-Iimmediatelysetouttodoanexperiment.keptmefascinated:keptmeoccupied同样这里的让步语意,字面位置在前,但意思在后面keptme.Iboundthebaseofthetreewithstickytape,makingitimpossiblefortheantstoreachtheaphids.我用一条胶带把桃树底部包上,不让蚂蚁接近蚜虫。Bind/bound捆绑bind-bound-boundBind1、vt使结合,捆绑bindssthtoge

50、therbindsAtoB2、beboundby被约束,被装订,被包扎binduptheawound包扎伤口makingitimpossibleforsb.todo-ing形式做状语,进一步修饰前一步的情况。-Iworkhardmakingitpossibletopasstheexamination.-Iprepareddinnercarefully,makingitpossibletopleasemyguests.Thetapewassostickythattheydidnotdaretocrossit.胶带极粘,蚂蚁不敢从上面爬过。Thedidn'tdaretocrossit./T

51、heydarednotcrossit.注意dare用法。Need/Youneedn'tcomehereonSunday.Youdon'tneedtocomehereonSunday.Didn'tneedtodo不需要做没做不知道needn'thavedone不需要但做了Foralongtime.Iwatchedthemscurryingaroundthebaseofthetreeinbewilderment.在很长一段时间里,我看见蚂蚁围着大树底部来回转悠,不知所措。Inbewilderment:werelost迷惑了inblankastonishmentIevenwentoutatmidnightwithatorchandnotedwithsatisfaction(andsurprise)thattheantswerestillswarmingaroundthestickytapewithoutbeingabletodoanythingaboutit.半夜,我还拿着电筒来到花园里,满意地(同时惊奇地)发现那些蚂蚁还围着胶带团团转oSwarmaround团团转Withoutbeingabletodoany

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