unit 3 被动语态

1、 Welcome toPassive Voice被动语态被动语态请观察下列句子并找出它们的异同请观察下列句子并找出它们的异同n1、我们每天都要清洁课室。、我们每天都要清洁课室。n2、课室每天都必须要清洁。、课室每天都必须要清洁。n3、他们去年建了一间学校。、他们去年建了一间学校。n4、这间学校是去年建的。、这间学校是去年建的。n5、我将要写一封信。、我将要写一封信。n6、这封信明天一定要写。、这封信明天一定要写。n7、我们必须马上完成这项工作。、我们必须马上完成这项工作。n8、这项工作必须马上被完成。、这项工作必须马上被完成。主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动

2、语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态主动语态与被动语态主动语态与被动语态n定义：定义：英语中有两种语态，一是英语中有两种语态，一是主动语主动语态态(the active voice)，二是，二是被动语态被动语态(the passive voice)。主动语态主动语态表示表示主语主语是是人人；被动语态表示被动语态表示主语主语大部分是大部分是物物。在中文。在中文中我们用中我们用“被，受，给被，受，给”表示被动意义。表示被动意义。观察下列句子请判断是主动语态还是被动语态观察下列句子请判断是主动语态还是被动语态n1. We clean the classroom every d

3、ay.n2. The classroom is cleaned by us every day.n3. They built a school last year.n4. The school was built by them last year.n5. I will write a letter.n6. The letter will be written tomorrow.n7. We must finish the job at once.n8. The job must be finished by us at once.主动主动被动被动主动主动被动被动主动主动被动被动主动主动被动被

4、动不同点不同点n1、主动语态表示主动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的发出者发出者，是，是人人；被动语态表示被动语态表示主语主语是动作的是动作的承受者承受者，大部分是，大部分是物物。n2、被动语态的谓语结构：、被动语态的谓语结构：be +done (+ed)n3、被动语态中，、被动语态中，by +动作的发出者动作的发出者 “被被”（代词要用（代词要用宾格宾格）n八种时态的被动语态结构八种时态的被动语态结构一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态We 人人 speak English.物物主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语English物物 is spoken ( by us人人.)主语主语

5、谓语谓语宾语宾语宾变主宾变主,主变宾主变宾,前加前加by动变被动变被,看清看清be, 结构分别结构分别be+ pp主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(物物)Bowls物物 are washed(byhis brother人人 )every day.改为被动语态1.They make shoes in that factory.主语主语+及物动词及物动词+宾语宾语Shoes are made (by them) in that factory.一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is /are +过去分词过去分词 use,

6、 for, photo football, play, world Football is played all over the world. Cameras are used for taking photos. 翻译下列句子翻译下列句子n1、我们每天清洁课室。、我们每天清洁课室。nWe _ the classroom every day.n2、课室每天都、课室每天都被被清洁。清洁。nThe classroom _ by us every day.n3、我每个星期写三封信。、我每个星期写三封信。nI _ three letters every week.n4、每个星期有三封信要写。、每个星

7、期有三封信要写。nThree letters _ by me every week.clean is cleanedwrite are written一般现在时一般现在时 的被动语态的被动语态 is/are/am +done2. They bought ten computers last term Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.一般过去时：一般过去时：was/were +过去分词过去分词 bank, rob yesterday Guangzhou Tower, build, last year Guangzhou Tower wa

8、s built last year.The bank was robbed yesterday. 翻译下列句子翻译下列句子n1、我昨天扫了地。、我昨天扫了地。nI _ the floor yesterday.n2、昨天地被我扫了。、昨天地被我扫了。nThe floor _ by me yesterday.n3、他们去年在番禺建了十所学校。、他们去年在番禺建了十所学校。nThey _ ten school in Panyu last year.n4、去年在番禺建了十所学校。、去年在番禺建了十所学校。nTen schools _ by them in Panyu.cleaned was clean

9、edbuilt were cleaned一般过去时一般过去时的被动语态的被动语态 was/were +done3.They will finish the work in ten days.The work will be finished (by them)in ten days.一般将来时：一般将来时： will+be+过去分词过去分词5Amy can take good care of Gina Gina can be taken good care of by Amy.情态动词：情态动词： can/may/must/should + be+过去分词过去分词He can carry th

10、e basket easilyThe basket easily by him can be carriedsend to, hospital, right now a talk, give , soon They must be sent to the hospital right now.A talk will be given soon.The hamburger will be eaten up soon.hamburger,soon, eat up 翻译下列句子翻译下列句子n1、明天我扫课室。、明天我扫课室。nI _ the classroom tomorrow.n2、明天课室将被我

11、扫。、明天课室将被我扫。nThe classroom _ by me tomorrow.n3、他们明年将要建十所学校。、他们明年将要建十所学校。nThey _ ten school next year.n4、明年将要建十所学校。、明年将要建十所学校。nTen schools _ by them next year. will clean will be cleaned will build will be built一般将来时一般将来时的被动语态的被动语态 will be +done翻译并比较异同翻译并比较异同n1、我们应该种些花。、我们应该种些花。nWe _ some flowers.n2、

12、在这里应该种些花。、在这里应该种些花。nSome flowers _ here.n3、他们必须派人去请医生。、他们必须派人去请医生。(send for)nThey _ for a doctor.n4、必须马上派人去请医生。、必须马上派人去请医生。nA doctor _ for at once. should plant should be planted must send must be sent 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词情态动词 be done一般现在时：一般现在时：一般过去时：一般过去时：一般将一般将来时来时： am/is /are + done wil

13、l canmustshould + be + done was/were + doneSummary: 各种时态的被动语态构成各种时态的被动语态构成 Once a year, a new cormorant _ by Damin. First , the cormorant eggs_. Then the best one _ and given to a chicken . After 26 days, the baby cormorant breaks out of the egg. Then it _ by Damin himself . For ten days, it _ food

14、every hour. The temperature _ to keep the baby cormorant warm. The baby cormorant grows stronger. After two months, it can join the other cormorants on the boat. A. Mary read another article about Damin and his birds in the newspaper. Complete the article with the verbs from the box in the present p

15、assive form.bring up check control give look after takeis brought upis takenare checkedis looked afteris givenis controlledB. Mary watch a TV programme about Damin. It was made by a film company from the UK. This is how they filmed the programme. Complete the passage with the verbs from the box in t

16、he past passive form. choose film interview take use The film company wanted to make a programme about cormorant fishing, so we came from the UK to China. Many cormorant fishermen _. In the end, Damin_ because he is the best fishermen in his village. Then the cameras and lights _ to Damins village.

17、Damin _ by the cameraman. A boat _ to film on the river.was filmedwas usedwere taken was interviewedwas chosenC. After the filming, the British director talked to Damin. Complete his words with the verbs from the box in the future passive form. Thank you for your help, Damin. You did a wonderful job

18、. Now the film_back to the UK. Well do some more work on it. Some music _ to it . It _ into a television programme. Then our programme _ in many countries around the world. It _by millions of people!add make show take watchwill be takenwill be addedwill be madewill be shownwill be watched1.The river

19、 smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.（南京市中考题）（南京市中考题） A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing 2.This book _ often _from the library.（北京（北京市中考题）市中考题）A. arent take away B. taken awayC. isnt taken away D. be taken away3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. （黄冈市中考题）（黄冈市中考题）was told5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week