2018高考浙江卷英语真题及答案解析

1、2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（浙江卷）英语第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AIn1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.PeoplehadbeenwritingnovelsforacenturymostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein1719butnobodywantedtodoitprofe

2、ssionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;theliteracy（识字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomethinglike“Byalady."Novels,forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmourned

3、himasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadershipandwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.TodayDickens'greatnessisunchallenged.人堂）ofEnglishliteratureRemovinghimfromthepantheon（名MonaLisa.

4、wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheHowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literatureisanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswerepublishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837to1901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletonameahalf-dozenofthem

5、.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiencesfromallwalksoflife.It'spartlythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicalandscientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimselfatthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDi

6、ckenssuchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossibleandimportantforourownculturetounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.21. WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18thcentury?A. Theyweredifficulttounderstand.B. Theywerepopularamongtherich.C. Theywereseenasnea

7、rlyworthless.D. Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.22. DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetexttostress.A. hisreputationinFranceB. hisinterestinmodernartC. hissuccessinpublicationD. hisimportanceinliterature23. Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A. Torememberagreatwriter.B. TointroduceanEnglish

8、novel.C. Toencouragestudiesonculture.D. TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.BStevenSteinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks.Hisstrangehabitmakessensewhenyouconsiderthathe'sanenvironmentalscientistwhostudieshowtoreducelitter,includingthingsthatfalloffgarbagetrucksastheydrivedowntheroad.Whatisevenmoreinterest

9、ingisthatoneofStein'sjobsisdefendinganindustrybehindtheplasticshoppingbags.Americansusemorethan100billionthinfilmplasticbagseveryyear.Somanyendupintreebranchesoralonghighwaysthatagrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts（收专艮台）.Thebagsareprohibitedinsome90citiesinCalifornia,includingLosAngel

10、es.Eyeingtheseheadwinds,plastic-bagmakersarehiringscientistslikeSteintomakethecasethattheirproductsarenotasbadfortheplanetasmostpeopleassume.Amongthebagmakers'argument:manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasilyrecycledbutrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport.Andwhile

11、plasticbagsmaybeuglytolookat,theyrepresentasmallpercentageofallgarbageonthegroundtoday.z.x.xkTheindustryhasalsotakenaimattheproductthathasappearedasitsreplacement:reusableshoppingbags.Thestrongerareusablebagis,thelongeritslifeandthemoreplastic-baguseitcancelsout.However,longer-lastingreusablebagsoft

12、enrequiremoreenergytomake.Onestudyfoundthatacottonbagmustbeusedatleast131timestobebetterfortheplanetthanplastic.Environmentalistsdon'tdispute（质疑）thesepoints.Theyhopepaperbagswillbebannedsomedaytooandwantshopperstousethesamereusablebagsforyears.24. WhathasStevenSteinbeenhiredtodo?A. Helpincreaseg

13、rocerysales.B. Recyclethewastematerial.C. Stopthingsfallingofftrucks.D. Arguefortheuseofplasticbags.25. Whatdoestheword“headwinds”inparagraph2referto?A. Bansonplasticbags.B. Effectsofcitydevelopment.C. Headachescausedbygarbage.D. Plasticbagshungintrees.26. Whatisadisadvantageofreusablebagsaccordingt

14、oplastic-bagmakers?A. Theyarequiteexpensive.B. Replacingthemcanbedifficult.C. Theyarelessstrongthanplasticbags.D. Producingthemrequiresmoreenergy.27. Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A. Plastic,PaperorNeitherB. Industry,PollutionandEnvironmentC. RecycleorThrowAwayD. GarbageCollectionandWasteControlAscul

15、turalsymbolsgo,theAmericancarisquiteyoung.TheModelTFordwasbuiltatthePiquettePlantinMichiganacenturyago,withthefirstrollingofftheassemblyline（装酉己线）onSeptember27,1908.Onlyelevencarswereproducedthenextmonth.ButeventuallyHenryFordwouldbuildfifteenmillionofthem.ModernAmericawasbornontheroad,behindawheel.

16、ThecarshapedsomeofthemostlastingaspectsofAmericanculture:theroadsidediner,thebillboard,themotel,eventhehamburger.Formostofthelastcentury,thecarrepresentedwhatitmeanttobeAmericangoingforwardathighspeedtofindnewworlds.Theroadnovel,theroadmovie,thesearethemosttypicalAmericanideas,bornofabundantpetrol,c

17、heapcarsandanever-endinginterstatehighwaysystem,thelargestpublicworksprojectinhistory.In1928HerbertHooverimaginedanAmericawith“achickenineverypotandacarineverygarage.”Sincethen,thissocietyhasmovedonward,neverlookingback,asthecartransformedAmericafromafarm-basedsocietyintoanindustrialpower.zxx.kTheca

18、rsthatdrovetheAmericanDreamhavehelpedtocreateaglobalecologicaldisaster.InAmericathedemandforoilhasgrownby22percentsince1990.Theproblemsofexcessive（过度的）energyconsumption,climatechangeandpopulationgrowthhavebeendescribedinabookbytheAmericanwriterThomasL.Friedman.Hefearstheworst,buthopesforthebest.Frie

19、dmanpointsoutthatthegreeneconomy（经济）isachancetokeepAmericanstrength."Theabilitytodesign,buildandexportgreentechnologiesforproducingcleanwater,cleanairandhealthyandabundantfoodisgoingtobethecurrencyofpowerinthenewcentury.”28. Whyishamburgermentionedinparagraph2?A. ToexplainAmericans'lovefort

20、ravellingbycar.B. ToshowtheinfluenceofcarsonAmericanculture.C. TostressthepopularityoffastfoodwithAmericans.D. TopraisetheeffectivenessofAmerica'sroadsystem.29.WhathastheuseofcarsinAmericaledto?A.Declineofeconomy.B.Environmentalproblems.C.Ashortageofoilsupply.D.Afarm-basedsociety.30.WhatisFriedm

21、an'sattitudetowardsAmerica'sfuture?A.Ambiguous.B.Doubtful.C.Hopeful.D.Tolerant.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptableandvaluablepartofyourneighborhood.theeasi

22、estwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould.31Perhapsoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandoasagoodneighboristokeepyourproperty（房产）neat,clean,andingoodrepair.32Bychoosingtokeeptheoutsideofthehomeingreatshape,youwillhelptoimprovethelookandfeelofthearea.Second,taketheoveralla

23、ppearanceoftheneighborhoodseriously,.Whengoingforawalk.Takeasmallgarbagebag.33Thissmallactwillletyourneighborsknowthatyoucareaboutthearea.34 Ifaneighborisgoingtobeoutoftown,offertocollectmailandnewspapers.Ifaneighborsuffersanillness,offertodothegroceryshopping.Letthemknowyouaretheretohelpinanywaythi

24、sacceptable,whilestillrespectingtheprivacyofyourneighbor.35 Byfollowingthebasicrulesofrespectingothers,takingcareofwhatbelongstoyou,andtakingprideintheappearanceoftheneighborhoodingeneral,youwillquicklybecomeagoodneighborthateveryoneappreciate.A.Ingeneral,keepaneyeontheirpropertywhiletheyaregone.B.A

25、goodneighborisalsoonewholikestohelpoutinsmallways.C. Beingagoodneighborismoreorlessaboutconsideratebehavior.D. Sometimesneighborsmaygotothesupermarkettogethertodoshopping.E. Shouldyoucomeacrosswastepaperthrownoutofapassingcar,pickitup.F. Peopletendtolakeprideinkeepingeverythingintheirstreetfreshandi

26、nviting.G. Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、RC和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Wehaveallheardhowtimeismorevaluablethanmoney,butisit36tohavetoomuch?I37backinhighschoolIspentmostofmydayatschoolsinceIalso38

27、ateamsport.BythetimeIgothome,Ionlyhadafewhourstodomyhomework,andIhadtodoit39WhenIgotintocollege,things40.Isuddenlyfoundmyselfoutofclassbeforenoontime.Becauseofallthis41therewasnosenseof42todomyschoolworkimmediately.Iwasperformingthisactionofwaitinguntilitlaterbecame43.Oncethathappened,Ijustkept44mys

28、tudyingfurtherandfurtherbackinmyday.ThenIgottothepointwhereIwas45reallylateatnighttogetmyworkalone.OnedayI46aformerclassmateofminewhowas47alotofmoneyrunningasideline（副业）.Sincehisregularjobwas48,Iaskedhimwhyhejustdidn'tdohissidelinefull-time.Hesaidwithoutthejob,hewould49havetoomuchtimeandwouldjus

29、tdowhatIdidbackin50.Hesaidthatifhe51thejob,hewouldlosehis52toworkandsucceed.So,try53yourtinewithotherwork.Thisiswhythereisa54thatifyouwantsomethingdone55persontodoit.36.A.tueB.fairC.strangeD.possible37.A.rememberB.admitC.understandD.expect38.A.watchedB.loved.C.CoachedD.played39.A.allastB.rightawayC.

30、ofcourseD.mattered40.A.happendB.repeatedC,changedD.mattered41.A.extraB.difficult.C.valuableD.limited42.A.dutyB.achievementC.urgencyD.direction43.A.burdenB.reliefC.riskD.habit44.A.pushingB.takingC.settingD.calling45.A.hangingoutB.stayingupC.joggingroundD.showingoff46. A.methired47. A.raisingmaking48.

31、 A.saferewarding49. A.luckilyD.simply50. A.childhoodbusiness51. A.quit52. A.heartway53. A.savingtrading54. A.message55. A.carefulkindB.helpedC.treatedD.B.wastingC.demandingD.B.importantC.boringD.B.hardlyC.hopefullyB.collegeC.townD.B.foundC.acceptedD.keptB.chanceC.driveD.B.fillingupC.givingupD.B.stor

32、yC.sayingD.factB.busyC.reliableD.非选择题部分第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分）或括号内阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）单词的正确形式。FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowchea

33、p58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho'dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenllearntshehadn'tcookedonceinallthattime.Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it'snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford

34、)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum'shome_65_dinner,getafewcookingti

35、psfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节应用文写作(满分15分)假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：1 .口语能力：2 .相关经验；3 .应聘目的。注意：1 .词数80左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第二节读后续写（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。Itwassummer,andmydadwanted

36、totreatmetoavacationlikeneverbefore.HedecidedtotakemeonatriptotheWildWest.WetookaplanetoAlbuquerque,abigcityinthestateofNewMexico.WereachedAlbuquerqueinthelateafternoon.UnclePaul,mydad'sfriend,pickedusupfromtheairportanddroveusuptohisfarminPecos.HiswifeTinacookedusadeliciousdinnerandwegottoknowhissonsRyanandKyle.MydadandIspentthenightintheguestroomofthefarmhouselisteningtothefrogsandwaterrollingdowntherivernearby.Veryearlyinthemorning,UnclePaulwokeusuptohavebreakfast."Thedaystartsatdawnonmyfarm,&