状语从句讲练

1、状状 语语 从从 句句讲讲 练练 用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是用作状语的从句叫做状语从句。引导状语从句的关联词是一些从属连词。一些从属连词。 例： When you cross the road, you must be careful. 当你过马路时要小心。（when是从属连词） I was late because I missed the bus. 我迟到了，因为我误了公共汽车。 （ because是从属连词）. If she asks me, Ill tell her. 她如果问我，我就告诉她。（if是从属连词） You look as if you need a

2、 rest. 你像是需要休息似的。（as if是从属连词）.状语从句状语从句状语从句的位置状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于比较灵活，有时可以放于句句首首，有时可以置于，有时可以置于句末句末。状语从句。状语从句位于句首位于句首时时，其后，其后常用逗号常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句状语从句可以根据其可以根据其用途用途分为：分为：时间时间状语从句、状语从句、地点地点状语从句、状语从句、原因原因状语从状语从句、句、结果结果状语从句、状语从句、目的目的状语从句、状语从句、条件条件状状语从句、语从句、让步让步状语从句、状语从句、比较比较状语从句、状语从句、方方式式状语从句。状语

3、从句。1. 1. 时间状语从句时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的关联词常有：after, before, when, while, whenever, as soon as, the moment, as, since, until, the minute,the second, immediately, directly, instantly等。例： The ball goes up very high after it hits the ground. 这球着地后蹦得很高。 Wait until youre called. 你等着叫你吧！ When he came, I was cooking

4、. 他来时，我在做饭。 Ill call you as soon as I come back. 我一回来就给你打电话。 Before they came back, we had finished the work. 他们回来前，我们已经完成工作了。 We havent seen each other since he left. 从他离开后我们没见过面。 when: 持续性非持续性动词都可以持续性非持续性动词都可以当当时时正在正在忽然忽然Are you going to be a sailor when you leave school?sb. was doing whensb was a

5、bout to do /was going to dowhensb has just done whenwhen =at this time/at that timeWhen 的其他含义：Why do you walk when you have a car?在的情况下How can we explain it to you when you wont listen?ifWhy are you here when you should be in school?本该而while 的其他含义：While I was walking down the street, I came across a

6、n old friend. ( while =_)He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music. ( while =_)While I really dont like art, I find his work impressive. (while=_)While there is life there is hope. (while=_)whenalthoughas long as but as : 当时；一边一边；随着某事一发生，另一事立即发生两个动作同时发生As the day went on, the weather gotwors

7、e.As the captain passed me, I askedhim whether there was any hope of saving the ship. as的常见用法：1.She sang as she worked. 一边一边2. Smart as he is ,he doesnt study hard. 虽然（倒装）3. You must try to do as I did. 像.一样4. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry. 由于 before 在前It will be half a year before

8、 I come back.It wont be half a year before we meet again.We sailed four days and nights before we saw the land.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired. 肯定句 “ 才” 否定句 “就”it will be +一段时间 before.多久之后才.it wont be +一段时间 before.不久就.the minute, the second等等名词短语名词短语可以可以引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句：语法规则：语法规则： every tim

9、e, each time, next time, the first time, any time 等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。 “一 就” “刚.就”我一到达上海就给你打电话。（时态）时态要求：改错: I hardly got home when it began to rain. 翻译为“刚 就”的连接词有时态要求：主句谓语动词用主句谓语动词用had done, 从句用从句用didI will call you as soon as I arrive in Shanghai.had以一般现在时代替将来时以一般现在时代替将来时no sooner.than,hardly.when,scar

10、cely.whentill, until和notuntil：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作或状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。如： We waited until he came. 2用于否定句时，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，从句为肯定，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如：He wont go to bed till/until she returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4not

11、until句型中的强调和倒装说法： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. （强调句） Not until you told me did I have any idea of it. （倒装）易混淆句型it is + 时间+ since before when thatIt is five years _he finished his research.It was five years _he finished his research.It was five years later _he finished his

12、research. It was 5 oclock _ he got home.It was at 5 oclock _ he got home.sincewhenthatbeforethat1. _ he comes here tomorrow, I will call you. 2. _ he was walking in the street, he met Tim. 3. She sang _she worked.4. There was an applause _she appeared on the stage.WhenWhile/Whenasthe moment (as soon

13、 as)the minute/the second/immediately/directly/instantlybeforeAftersinceEvery time/each timeUntil2. 地点状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句由 where, wherever 等引导。例如： He went to where his father worked five years ago. You can take a walk wherever you like to. -Mom, what did your doctor say? - He advised me to live where t

14、he air is fresher? 原因状语从句通常由because, as, since, now that, considering (that), seeing (that)等词引导。 because语气较强，用以回答why问句 as语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显。 since语气较弱，常表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。 for 放句中，引导后半句表原因。放句中，引导后半句表原因。 now that 既然 ，表示原因放在句首。 considering that 考虑到鉴于（考虑到鉴于（ 句首）句首） seeing that 鉴于由于既然因为鉴于由于既然因为（句首）（句首

15、）1. _he was ill, he didnt go to school.2._ you do not understand, I will explain again.3. As she was late for class, she had to say sorry.4. _class is over, lets go to play football.5. He must be ill, _he is absent today.BecauseSinceNow thatfor6. I eat potatoes _I like them. 我吃土豆是因为我喜欢土豆。7. _I didnt

16、 know the way, I asked a policeman. 我由于不知道路，因而问警察。8. _you wont help me, Ill ask someone else. 你既然不帮我，那我就请别人帮我。becauseAsSince4. 4. 结果状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句常用so that, such that等关联词引导。e.g. He is so young that he cant go to work. 他如此小以致于他不能上班。He got so little pay that his family had to live on welfare money.

17、他工资很少，他的家人不得不靠救济金生活。Its such a good chance that we mustnt miss it. 机会这样好，我们决不能失掉。sosuch 5. 5. 目的状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句常由so that, in order that等词引导，目的状语从句常用助动词may（might）, shall（should）, will（would）, can (could)。目的状语从句常放于主句之后，例： Speak clearly so that they may understand you. 你要讲得清楚，他们才听得懂。 He spoke slowly i

18、n order that everyone should understand. 他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。1.They set out early _ they might arrive there in time. 2.Take your raincoat _it should rain.3.The boy hid himself behind the tree _his father should see him.so that (in order that)in casein case/for fear that4. Id like to arrive 20 minutes early

19、 _ I can have time for a cup of tea. A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that5. Youd better take something to read when you go to see the doctor _ you have to wait. A. even if B. as if C. in case D. in order that 6. 6. 条件状语从句条件状语从句条件状语从句表示条件，关联词常用if或unless, as (so) long as. if , once, as/s

20、o long as，as far as，unless， on condition that， in case 等。等。If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman. 明天如果下雪，我们就堆雪人。Youll catch a cold unless you put on your coat. 你会感冒的除非你穿上大衣。He will do anything as long as it is interesting. 只要有趣，他什么都愿意干。1. _ you touch an English person, you should say “sorry”

21、.2. _ they are dirty, certain seas are not able to clean themselves.3. _we dont lose heart, well find a way to overcome the difficulty.4. _I know you shouldnt have any problem there.IfOnceAs long asAs far as5. You can have my bicycle for a fewdays _ you return it by Sunday.6. _ anything importanthap

22、pens, please call me up.7. _ you had one million dollars, what would you do?8. Dont touch anything _ yourteacher tells you to.on condition thatIn caseSuppose/Supposingunless 7. 7. 让步状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though, although, even though等。 Though he was ill, he was still working. 他虽然有

23、病，但仍然继续工作。 Although it is difficult, we shall do it. 此事虽难，但我们还是要做。 Even though you say so, I do not believe it. 即使你这样说，我也不信。此外，让步状语从句还可以用 whether/ no matter whether，whoever/no matter who，whatever/ no matter what，whenever/ no matter when 等引导，意为 “ 不管”, “无论” 例如: It has the same result, whichever way yo

24、u do it. I will go , whether you come with me or stay at home. though和although可以互换，只是although比较正式。 though不可以与连词but连用，但可以与yet，still连用，例： Though he worked hard, he couldnt pass the exam. 虽然他很努力，但还是没通过考试。 1. _he is old ,he works hard.2. _you say so,I dont believe it. 3. Smart _ he is ,he doesnt study h

25、ard. 4. The old tower must be saved, _ the cost. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whereverAlthough / Though Even though (even if) as比较状语从句常用than或asas，the more the more等引导。than表示两者的比较，asas表示程度相同的比较；The morethe more表示” 越越”。例：That book is more interesting than this one. 那本书比这本有趣。He runs as fast a

26、s I （do）. 他和我跑得一样快。The more I see him , the less I like him. 我越看他就越不喜欢。1. He doesnt work so hard _you do.2.The more you worry, _youll succeed.3.She did worse in the test _she expected.asthe lessthan9 9. . 方式状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句由 as, as if , as though 等引导。例如: You can do it as what I just did. I couldnt m

27、oved my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. He sounds as though he s got a sore throat.1.You must try to do _I did.2. The old lady treats the boy _he were her son.as if/thoughas 比较状语从句后面的主语在口语中常用宾格。 如果后面的句子主语为主格时，可以加助动词、情态动词等。 He can jump higher than I can. 他能比我跳得高。 He came later than L

28、iLei did. 他比李磊来得晚。because of和because的区别 because of后加名词代词或动名词，不加句子，而because加句子，例：Because of his illness, he didnt go to work. 因为生病，他没上班。Because he was ill, he didnt go to work. 在条件和时间状语从句中，如果主句用将来时，从句常用一般现在时。 If it doesnt rain, well go fishing. 明天不下雨我们就去钓鱼。 As soon as he comes back, Ill let him know

29、it. 他一回来，我就让他知道这事。if构成条件从句时意为“如果”，可以放句首也可以放主句后；构成宾语从句时意为“是否”，一般放主句后。 I dont know if he will come tomorrow.（宾从） 我不知道他明天是否来。 If he comes, Ill tell you.（Ill tell you if he comes.） 如果他来，我会告诉你。 （ ）1. Did he tell you _ at the school gate? A. who he waited for B. who is he waiting C. who did he wait for D.

30、 who he was waiting（ ）2. Do you know _? A. who is heB. what he is C. what is heD. who he isA D（ ）3. I dont know _. A. where does he come from B. where he does come from C. where he come from D. where he comes from（ ）4. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ get to the plane? Certainly. Go straight along her

31、e. A. how can we B. how we can C. where can we D. where we can D B（ ）5. The teacher asked the new student _ class he was in. A. whichB. where C. howD. when（ ）6. Do you know _ after school every day? A. what does he do B. he does what C. what he does D. does he do what A C（ ）7. Have you decided _ wit

32、h me? A. who will you go B. who will go C. who went D. who did you go（ ）8. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympic be held B C（ ）9. Kate has gone to Shanghai and I dont kn

33、ow _ tomorrow. A. when she calls me B. when she will call me C. when does she call me D. when will she call me（ ）10. Where does he come from? Pardon? I asked where _. A. did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from（ ）11. I didnt know _ at the meeting yesterday. A. what to s

34、ay B. to say what C. why to say D. to say why B A B（ ）12. Could you tell me _? A. what time the plane leaves B. what time the plane leave C. what time did the plane leave D. what time will the plane leave（ ）13. Do you know _ she knows it? A. what B. ifC. when D. what（ ）14. Boys and girls, did you he

35、ar _ I said? A. that B. what C. it D. those（ ）15. You must remember _. A. what your teacher said B. what did your teacher say C. your teacher said what D. what has your teacher saidB BA A（ ）16. I watched that man for a long time and wanted to know _. A. whether I have seen him before B. where I had

36、seen him before C. that I had seen him before D. when did I see him （ ）17. Do you know _? Sorry, I dont know. You may ask the woman over there. A. when the shop opens B. when is the shop open C. when does the shop open D. when will the shop open （ ）18. Do you know why she _Mr. Wang tomorrow? She has

37、 changed her mind. A. wont visit B. didnt visit C. doesnt visit D. hasnt visit A A B（ ）19. Could you tell me _ with the broken window? A. what I should do B. what should I do C. how to d D. how I should do（ ）20. Do you know _? They moved here soon after their son was born. A. when would the Greens m

38、ove here B. when the Greens moved here C. the Greens would move here D. when the Greens would move here（ ）21. I dont know when he _ back from England. A. will comeB. come C. comes D. coming B A A（ ）22. What did your son say in the letter? He told me that he _ the Disney World the next day. A. will v

39、isitB. has visited C. is going to visitD. would visit（ ）23. If he _harder next time, he will catch up with us. A. work B. worked C. works D. will work（ ）24. I think WeiHua will be very happy when she _your presents. A. looks B. will look C. receives D. will receive CC D（ ）25. Well set out as soon as

40、 our monitor _. A. comeB. comes C. will comeD. has come （ ）26. Ill go with you if it _fine tomorrow. A. has beenB. is C. will be D. be （ ）27. Ill meet him at the station when he _. A. will returnB. return C. returns D. returned （ ）28. I wont go to see the film tonight, because I _ my ticket. A. lost B. have