英语课件高三英语虚拟语气[www

1、虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：虚拟语气分三种情况来掌握：1.1.虚拟条件句虚拟条件句2.2.名词性从句的虚拟语气名词性从句的虚拟语气3. 3. 虚拟语气的其他用法虚拟语气的其他用法。IfIf条件句条件句主句主句与现在事实相反与现在事实相反did(be动词动词用用were)would(或或could, should, might) do与过去事实相反与过去事实相反had donewould(或或could, should, might) have done与将来事实相反与将来事实相反或可能相反或可能相反did(were)should dowere to dowould(或或could

2、, should, might) do一、虚拟条件句：一、虚拟条件句： 条件状语从句是非真实情况时，要用虚拟语气。条件状语从句是非真实情况时，要用虚拟语气。1）If I were you, I would study hard.2）If it rained, I would not be here now.1）If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.2）If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the exam last term.1) If it

3、 should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I could see it with my own eyes.3)If you missed the film tonight, you would feel sorry.注意问题：注意问题：1 、 I f 条 件 句 中 绝 对 不 可 出 现“would”。2、根据句中的时间状语，有时可能出现“混合虚拟”的情况，即主句可能是现在的情况，条件句也许是发生在过去的情况，但都是遵守上述句型。eg: If you had wor

4、ked hard, you would be very tired now.3、在条件句中如果出现、在条件句中如果出现were, had, should可可省去省去if，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：，将主语与这些词倒装，例如：Had the doctor come last night, the boy would have saved.Were I to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes. Should it rain tomorrow, we would stay at home1) If the doctor h

5、ad come last night, the boy would have saved.2) If I were to go to the moon one day, I would see it with my own eyes.3) If it should rain tomorrow, we would stay at home.1) If he _ drunk, he wouldnt have lost control of the car. A. wasnt B. werent C. hasnt been D. hadnt been2) I would have gone to t

6、he concert, if I _ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had 4) _ I known it, I would have told you. A. Have B. If C. Had D. Having3) _ to tell us everything, we could try to solve his problem. A. If he is B. Were he C. Had he D. Be he 5) _ to the doctor right away, he might have been al

7、ive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 6) If we _ here ten minutes earlier, we _ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 7) If I _ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had ha

8、d C. have had D. would have 8) If he _ to the teacher attentively, he _ the answer to the problem now. A. had listened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 9)_, I would take an umbrella with me. A. Had I been you B. I were you C. Were I

9、you D. I had been you 10) If you were older, I _ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气：二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气：1. 1. 在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中在表示命令、建议、要求、惊叹时的名词性从句中需用虚拟语气，基本句型：需用虚拟语气，基本句型：主语主语(should(should）动词原形，如：）动词原形，如：1). We suggested that

10、 the meeting should be held. 2) The suggestion that the meeting should be held was rejected. 3) It was suggested that the meeting should be held.4) The suggestion is that the meeting should be held.5) It was required that the crops should be harvested at once. 6) That is their demand that their wage

11、s be increased.suggestsuggest等动词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用等动词后的宾语从句中的谓语动词用(should) + do, (should) + do, 这类动词的字头记忆口诀为这类动词的字头记忆口诀为: : I drop caps.I drop caps. 具体为具体为: :insist, demand, desire, request(insist, demand, desire, request(请求请求), ), require, order, propose(require, order, propose(建议建议), ), command(command

12、(命令命令), ask(), ask(要求要求), advise, prefer, ), advise, prefer, suggestsuggest注意注意:1) I insisted that John had done it. I insisted that John (should) do it.eg: Her expression suggested that she was angry.insist1) 表示坚持认为表示坚持认为2）表示坚持要求某人该）表示坚持要求某人该真实语气真实语气虚拟语气虚拟语气2) I insisted that the earth moves round

13、the sun.Suggest 表示暗示，说明的意思时用真实语气表示暗示，说明的意思时用真实语气He suggested that we (should) go to school at once.2. 在在Its strange/important/necessary/surprising that句式中句式中, that 从句的谓语动词用从句的谓语动词用(should) +do,如如:注意：在这种句子中绝不可用注意：在这种句子中绝不可用“would”、 “must” “could”等。等。eg: 1) Its strange that he (should) not come. 2) It

14、s important that you (should) ask your parents for advice about your work. 1) The secretary suggested that they _ the men in at once. A. had brought B. should have brought C. brought D. bring 2) He demanded that the laboratory report _ immediately after the experiment was done. A.was written B. be w

15、ritten C. must be written D. would be written4) It is required that you _ at six. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrived D. would arrive 5) He insisted that he _ me before. A. see B. should see C. had seen D. saw 6) It is really strange that the girl _ so early. A. has been married B. has married C. be

16、 married D. would marry 8) It is important that I _ with Mr. Willians immediately. A. speak B. spoke C. will speak D. to speak 7) He insisted that John _ it. A. do B. does C. did D. would do 9) The teacher agreed to the suggestion that the students _ two weeks to prepare for the exam. A. give B. sho

17、uld give C. be given D. would be given 三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件三、虚拟语气在一些特殊词中的使用或含蓄条件句：句：1. wish1. wish后的宾语从句：后的宾语从句： 1)1)与现在愿望不一致与现在愿望不一致 主语过去时；主语过去时； 2)2)与过去愿望不一致与过去愿望不一致 主语主语hadhad过去分词；过去分词； 3)3)与未来愿望不一致与未来愿望不一致 主语主语wouldwould（could, could, should, mightshould, might）原形。）原形。eg: 1) I wish (that) I wer

18、e you. 2) I wish I had visited the White House when I was in the States. 3) I wish I could meet you tomorrow at the party.2. If only2. If only引起的感叹句引起的感叹句1) If only he could come! 他要能来就好了他要能来就好了2) If only I had known the answer! 我要早知答案就好了。我要早知答案就好了。3) If only I knew the answer!3. as if（though）引导的从句）

19、引导的从句eg: 1) She loves the children as if they were hers. 2) Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there It seems as if it is going to rain.4. would rather, 引导的句子也需使用虚引导的句子也需使用虚拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表拟，表示过去的情况用过去完成时，表示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：示现在与将来的情况用过去时，如：.eg: 1) Id rather you posted the letter right away. 2)

20、Id rather you had returned the book yesterday. 3) Id rather you painted the wall green next time.5. Its (high) time句型：当句型：当Its time后用后用that从句时应该为：从句时应该为： 主语主语should原形原形 主语过去时主语过去时eg: 1) Its time that you went to school. 2) Its time that you should go to school.6. without, but, but for, but that 引起的短

21、语或句引起的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。这时主句用虚拟子常暗含着含蓄条件。这时主句用虚拟1) Without you, I would never know him.2) But for your cooperation, we wouldnt have done the work so well.要不是要不是你的合作，我们不可能把工作做得这么出你的合作，我们不可能把工作做得这么出色。色。3) But that she was afraid, she would have said no.要不是要不是害怕，她会拒绝的。害怕，她会拒绝的。eg: 1) I would be most glad t

22、o help you, but I am busy now. 2) I would have come to the party yesterday, but I was working. 3) I am busy now, otherwise I would help you.7. 表示祝愿时表示祝愿时, 用用May +主语主语 + 动词原形动词原形, 如如: 1) May you succeed in your work!2) May you be happy!1)The boy acted _ he had never lived in Canada before. A. as thou

23、gh B. even if C. as D. since 2) I wish I _ able to tell him all about it last night. A. was B. were C. had been D. should be 3) He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he _ to the meeting. A. would come B. came C. would have come D. had come 4) Without electricity human life _ quite different today. A

24、. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 5) But for the party, he _ of hunger 30 years ago. A. would have died B. would die C. must have died D. must die 9) Id rather you _ right away. A. leave B. left C. will leave D. to leave 7) I was busy yesterday, otherwise I _ your birthday party. A. att

25、ended B. had attended C. would attend D. would have attended 8) You talk as if you _ there. A. were really B. has really been C. had really been D. would really be 6) Its high time that we _ to school. A. would to B. went C. go D. will go 12)He felt as if he _ more time to study for the test. A. nee

26、ds B. were needed C. needed D. need 11) It is high time we _ off. A. are B. were C. be D. will be 10) Without your help, our team _ the last match. A. wont win B. will lose C. wouldnt have won D. cant win 13)I cant stand him. He always talks as though he _ everything. A. knew B. knows C. has known D

27、. had known nervous紧张的，不安的紧张的，不安的,形容人内心紧张形容人内心紧张restless静不下来的静不下来的,多指人的外表多指人的外表,如手脚不停等如手脚不停等tense紧张的形容人或人周围的环境和气氛紧张的形容人或人周围的环境和气氛tight紧的紧的,一般形容事物一般形容事物Accurate准确无误,时间准确或事物描述准确Exact一模一样的正好的,强调完全依据事实Precise精确,精密,细节的精密. entire完整的未被切割的统一体完整的未被切割的统一体; whole完整无缺完整无缺,没有被忽视没有被忽视,遗漏遗漏 total一切被统计在内的全部一切被统计在内的全部,没有例外没有例外 all整体的各个部分近乎每一个整体的各个部分近乎每一个 complete完备而无可增加完备而无可增加Desire主观愿望的热切性主观愿望的热切性,含