高考英语语法专题：动词的时态语态(一)学案

1、个性化教学辅导教案学生姓名年 级高二学 科英语上课时间年 月 日教师姓名课 题动词时态语态（1 ）教学目标掌握一般时态的构成及常见用法。教学过程学生活动固）复习检官11【词汇用烧】My First BandI was very sensitiv e to music. Just dipping into the music books briefly , I could sin play well. To be honest, I always dreamt of becoming a famous folk actor. I was confident that I never decrea

2、sed my devotion .i r r:一 x 一ii c ii : l延一 "a x xi: _ j: 一 一 i j or so.ing ilsewe)uri to ione aI formed my first band called Rolling Frog. At the beginning,on instrument s in pubs or to passers -by to earn extra money in cash beards to pretend to be the musician s whom people were familiar wi at

3、tach ed humorous acts to our performances and played jokes on e “funnjzz" became famous and invitation s to perform for broadca come. Afterwards , we sort ed out attractive music and made a record or so copies were sold and we became millionaire s.It was painful that the band broke up finally.

4、But above all, I reali, musician.我的A支乐队weied on perform ).Then we wore fa th_ . In addition 出ch other. Soon, o 1st stations begar n a studio . A milzed my dream to b我对音乐很 暨J只要简要地浏览一下乐谱,我就能演唱或演奏得很好。胆受臣，我一直都梦想着能成为出名的 民间演员，自信的我从未减少过 热爱。我组成的第一支乐队叫做 摇滚蛙”。开始，我们 依靠在酒吧里或向路人表演乐器 来挣些零花的现金。然后我们带上假 胡子假扮 人们熟悉的音乐

5、家,除此之外，我们在 表演中加上幽默的 动作,互相 开着玩笑。很快，我们的 滑稽爵士乐”出了名,至U匚逝 电台表演的 邀请开始多起来。随后,我们把我们 吸引人的音乐做了分类,在一间音乐 工作室录制了 1张唱片，大约卖出了 100万张，这使我们都成了 百万富翁。乐队最终的 解散让我很心痛,但最重要的是，我实现了自己当音乐家的梦想。【词汇点拨】rollvt. & vi.滚动；（使）摇摆folkadj.民间的jazzn.时士首乐musiciann.音乐家dream of梦见；梦想；设想pretendvt.假装；假扮to be honest说实在地；实话说attachvt. & vi.

6、系上；缚上；附加；连接attach -to认为有（重要性、意义）；附上；连接formvt.（使）组成；形成；构成passer-byn.过路人；行人earnvt.赚；挣得；获得extraadj.额外的；外加的instrumentn.工具；器械；乐器performvt. & vi.表演；履行；执行performancen.表演；演奏pubn.酒馆；酒吧cashn.现金in cash用现金；有现钱studion.工作室；演播室millionairen.白力鬲翁；鬲彖play jokes on戏弄actorn.男演员；行动者broadcastn.广播；播放humorousadj.幽默的；诙谐的

7、familiaradj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的be/get familiar with熟悉；与熟悉起来or so大约break up打碎；分裂；解体attractiveadj.吸引人的；有吸引力的additionn.力口；增加；加法in addition另外；也sort out分类dipvt.浸；蘸confidentadj.自信的；确信的briefadj.简短的；简要的n.摘要；大纲brieflyadv.简要地；短暂地devotionn.投入；热爱afterwardsadv.然后；后来invitationn.邀请；招待beardn.胡须sensitiveadj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的pai

8、nfuladj.痛苦的；疼痛的above all最重要；首先【考点精炼】一、请根据各句上下文的意义，选择正确的单词填入空白处。perform, form, folk, attractive, musician, instrument,passer-by, extra, reputation, afterwards, earn1. The doctors are an operation trying to save the dying man.2. At college I majored in（主修）literature.3. She is an woman and lots of men

9、chase after her.4. Ten years of work in the country the basis of his writing.5. My sister takes an interest in music and she can play some musical.6. Sorry, I don o wtvkhere the post office is. I am a.7. As soon as his first novel was published, he earned a.8. The old couple their living by collecti

10、ng and selling used plastic bottles.9. After the lunch we parted, so I didn' t kpowewhathimi.10. I get a low salary so sometimes I work to earn more.11. Beethoven, a great German, lived between 1770 and 1827.二、把下列短语填入每个句子的空白处（注意所填短语的形式变化）dream of be honest with play jokes on or so break up sort

11、out stick to above all1. The watch costs 200 yuan.2. , make sure you keep in touch.3. It is the kind of trip that most of us can only.4. If you others, they will help you a lot.5. If you the truth, you have nothing to fear.6. The boys Tom. They hid his shoes and he couldn' t find them.7. Sentenc

12、es can be into phrases and phrases into words.8. Please the things you want to keep and throw everything else away.?问题定位J单选：1. He suddenlyill yesterday.A) do feelB) fellC) fallsD) would fall2. Our English far better in a month if we try harder.A) becomesB) will become C) has becomeD) became3. By yes

13、terday, the plane out of view for more than a month.A) isB) has been C) wasD) had been4. When Jack rushed to the railway station yesterday, the train.A) leavesB) would leave C) had left D) is leaving5. Helen her keys in the office so she had to wait until her husband home.A) had left; came B) has le

14、ft, comes C) left; had come D) had left; would come6. Sorry, I ' m late. Has the film begun?It doesn ' t matter. The film for several minutes.A) has just begun B) has just been over C)has just been on D) has just ended7. This work satisfy me.A)does notB) don ' tC) will doD) has done1 . 一

15、般现在时第三人称单数动词掌握欠佳;2 .不能根据语境判断该用什么时态。精准突破I.动词的形式在英语当中，每个动词都有5种形式，包括动词原形、动词的第三人称单数、动词的现在分词、动词的过去式和动词的过去分词，以 do为例，即do、does、doing、 did、done等，具体的动词形式的变化规则如下：形式构成例词动词原形词典中一般给出的形式be, have, come, do第三人称单 数形式在动词原形后+ srunruns, likelikes以ch, sh, s, x,。结尾的动词后 + esteach teacheswashwashesgogoes, pass passes以辅首字母+y

16、结尾的动词，改y为i再+ estry tries, study studieshave has现在分词在动词原形后+ ingreadreading以不发首的e结尾的动词，去掉 e再+ ingwrite writinghavehaving以重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写此字母后再 + ingswimswimming, digdigging少数几个以ie结尾的动词要变ie为y再+ingdiedying, lielying过去式与过去分词（规则变化）在动词原形后+ edwork worked以辅首字母+y结尾的动词，改y为i再+ edcarrycarriedstudystudied以

17、重读闭音节结尾的词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写此字母后再 + edstopstopped, planplannedII. 一般时态的用法1. 一般时态的主动和被动形式时态种类主动形式被动形式一般现在时(1)be 动词(am/is/are)(2)do/doesam/is/are done一般过去时(1)be 动词(was/were)(2)didwas/were done一般将来时will/shall dowill be done2. 一般现在时的用法1）表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或者现在的状态，通常用usually, often, always,sometimes,every day, onc

18、e a week等作时间状语。但是要注意当主语是一人称单数时，动词也要 用到三人称单数形式。I usually have my hair cut once a month.Mary often （do） experiments in the lab.2)表示客观真题、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。The earth moves around the sun.A bird in hand(be) worth two in the bush.3)有时这个时态表示按计划、规定 ，按时间表要发生的动作(句中都带有具体的时间 状语), 但限于少数动词，如： begin, come, leave, go

19、 ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close 等。The meeting begins at seven.The rain starts at nine in the morning.The train leaves at 2:35 this afternoon.4)在主句是一般将来时的时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。You will succeed if you try your best.Even if it .(rain) tomorrow, the football match will take place.5).表示主语的特征、能力和

20、状态This cloth feels soft.这布摸上去很软。I love classical music.我喜欢古典音乐3. 一般过去时的用法1)表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用 yesterday, last year, in 1995, the other day, ago等作时间状语。It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.He (come) to work here two weeks ago.2)表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when,as s

21、oon as, immediately, the moment, the minute 。He got on the bus, looked around and said: "Is there a man named John?'When I was a child, I often played football in the street.He bought a watch but lost it.3)有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know, think, expect等，表示“本来认为

22、“。I didn't expected to meet you here.I (think) he had heard the news.4. 一般将来时的用法一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。1 ) “shall/will +动词原形”表示将来，往往指客观上势必要发生的事情或没有计划、 临时做出的打算。shall用于第一人称，will用于第二三人称。When will you be able to give us a reply?We shall have a lot of rain next week.where is the

23、telephone book?I (go) and get it for you.2 ) be going to do形式表示将来，一般指按计划、打算要做某事，或有迹象要出现的情 况。I am going to buy a computer this summer.It is going to be fine tomorrow.注意：一般将来时的形式为will do，但我们经常会看到 would do的形式，这种时态是过去将来时，过去将来时表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。这种时态通常用于宾语从句中主句是一般过去时的情况。He said he would wait for u

24、s at the bus stop.3)现在进行时表将来有这种用法的主要是r一些表7K位置转移的动词，如：come, go, arrive, leave, stay, fly, takeoff等。这种将来意义往往指安排好要做的事情，很少变更。I'm flying to Beijing tomorrow.She is leaving early tomorrow morning.m. 一M时态的被动语态1 .英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。土语是动作的执行者，叫主动语态；主语是动作的承受者，叫被动语态。但是要注意只有及物动词才用被动语态，不及物动词、一些表示状态以及拥有的及物动词没有被

25、动语态，常见的有appear、have、happen、occur、belong to、break out、take place 等。We clean the classroom.我们打扫教室。The classroom is cleaned (by us).教室被(我们)打扫。The war broke out in 1941.( v)The war was broke out in 1941.( x)2 .被动语态的构成：助动词be +及物动词的过去分词+(by+兵语)，其中by意为 被；由， 表动作的执行者。be有人称、数和时态的变化，其肯定式、否定式、疑问式的变化规则与be作为连系动词时

26、完全一样，其句型结构如卜图所示：句型一般现在时一般过去时一将M:时白立句主语+be(am/is/are)+ 过去 分词(+by.)主语+be(was/were)+过去分 词(+by.)主语+will be+(+by.过去.)否定句主语 +be(am/is/are)+not+ 过去分词(+by.)主语 +be(was/were)+not+ 过 去分词(+by.)主语 +will not(v过去分词(/o-by一般疑问句Be(am/is/are)+ 主语 + 过去 分词(+by.)Be(was/were)+主语+过去分 词(+by.)Will +主语+be- (+by.卜过 .)特殊疑问句特殊疑问

27、词+be(am/is/are)+ 主语 + 过去特殊疑问词+be(was/were)+ 主语+过去分词(+by.)特殊疑问词+be+过去分词will(+分词(+by.)The glass is broken by that boy.They were invited to his birthday party last weekend.Many buildings will be built in my home town.3 .主、被动语态的转换：主动语态：主语+及物动词谓语动词+宾语(+其它)被动语态：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+by+宾语（+其它）4 .被动语态的几种特殊形式1）双宾

28、语都作主当句子的谓语动词后跟双宾语时，直接宾语和间接宾语都可.作被动语态的主语，直接宾语作主语时，间接宾语前须加介词 to（如动词give, pass, lend, show, send等）或 for（如动词 buy, make, draw 等）。My uncle gave me a present on my birthday.fI was given a present by my uncle on my birthday.fA present was given me by my uncle on my birthday.2） 莫忘记还原_to在主动语态的句子中，当宾语补足语为省略to的

29、不定式时，改为被动语态时必须还原 to。常见的动词有 see, feel, hear, find, make, let 等。We often hear him play the guitar.fHe is often heard play the guitar by us.to注意：但若句子的宾语补足语是doing的形式，句子改成被动语态时，就不用加上We often hear him play the guitar.fHe is often heard to play the guitar by us.3)介词/副词跟上去主动语态的谓语是动词短语时，在变为被动语态后不可以丢掉后面的介词或副词

30、。常见的动词短语有 look after, take care of, laugh at, ask for等等。源常见的：学科They often ask for some advice on how to learn English.fSome advice on how to learn English is often asked for by them.5.主动形式表被动1)连系动词如 look, sound, feel, smell, taste, appear, seem, go, prove, turn, stay, become, fall, get,grow, keep +

31、adj.构成系表结构，主动表被动。Ice feels cold.His plan proved (to be) practical.2)表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如 read, write, act, iron, cut, draw, drive, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink.这类动词一般不单独使用，常有一个修饰语。- What about the books? they sell well.3) need / want / require/be worth + doing (= to b

32、e done)主动表被动。The equipment in the corner needs repairing.巩固练习一、用下列所给动词的适当形式填空。1. This cycle(go) day after day: The walls warm up During the day and cool off during the night and thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures.2. It s probable that the rocket(date) from about 2,000 year

33、s ago in China.3. A Midsummer Night's Dream(open) at the Theatre Royal on 19th June, and then tours throughout Scotland.4. Unless you(have) any disagreement, we will carry out the plan next week5. The students will plant trees if it(not rain) tomorrow.6. All football fans(witness) the German 

34、9;s final victory in the 2014 World Cup this August.7. The real reason why prices(be), and still are, too high is complex, and no short d iscussion cansatisfactorily explain this problem.8. In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It(be) unimaginable that it could

35、 ever be cleaned up.9. People stepped on your feet or( push ) you with their elbows.10. How long do you expect it(be) before the African can keep the disease under control?二、单句改错1. The teacher told that the sun rose in the east.2. I will speak to him when I will see him next Sunday.3. The supermarke

36、t will starts at 9:00 a.m.4. She look like enjoying the concert the other day.5. As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past一般时态的基本结构及用法一.一般现在时1. 结构：主语 +be （am,is,are） /do/does+ 其他2. 一般现在时的用法1）表示经常发生的、习惯性的动作或者现在的状态，通常用 usually, often, always, somet

37、imes,every day, once a week等作时间状语。 但是要注意当主语是三人称单数时，动词也要用到三人称单数形式。I usually have my hair cut once a month.2）表示客观真题、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。The earth moves around the sun.3）有时这个时态表示按计划、规定 ，按时间表要发生的动作（句中都带有具体的时间 状语）,但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。The meeting begins

38、 at seven.4）在主句是一般将来时的时间、条件、让步状语从句中代替将来时。You will succeed if you try your best.5） .表示主语的特征、能力和状态This cloth feels soft.二.一般过去时1 .构成：主语 +be (was/were) /did+ 其他2用法：1)表示在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday, last year, in 1995, theother day, ago等作时间状语。It was a terrible piece of work you turned in yesterday.2)表

39、示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but, and, when,as soon as, immediately, the moment, the minute。He got on the bus, looked around and said:"Is there a man named John?3)有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有 know, think, expect等，表示 外来认为“。I didn ' t expected to meet you here.三.

40、一般将来时1 . 构成：主语+shall/will+do+ 其他2 .用法：一般将来时表示将来某个时间将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作。1) “shall/will +动词原形”表示将来，往往指客观上势必要发生的事情或没有计划、临时做出的打算。shall用于第一人称，will用于第二三人称。When will you be able to give us a reply?.2) be going to do形式表示将来，一般指按计划、打算要做某事，或有迹象要出现的情 况。I am going to buy a computer this summer.注意：一般将来

41、时的形式为 will do，但我们经常会看到 would do的形式，这种时态是 过去将来时，过去将来时表示从过去某个时间来看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。这种时态通常用于宾语从句中主句是一般过去时的情况。He said he would wait for us at the bus stop.3）现在进行时表将来有这种用法的主要是一些表示位置转移的动词，如：come, go, arrive, leave, stay, fly, takeo仟等。这种将来意义往往指安排好要做的事情，很少变更。I ' m flying to Beijing tomorrow.一、用下列所给动词的适当形式填

42、空。1. As you go through this book, you(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War n had a different experience.2. The constant noise around here(drive) me crazy! Calm down. It's no use complaining.3. According to the art dealer, the painting(expect)to go for at least a

43、million dollars.4. Highways across China (report) to be free of charge for 20 days during holidays in 2015.5. More expressways(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.二、单句改错1. She knows what had happened, but she thanked me and never mentioned it again.2. I was only four when she passes

44、away.3. When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there.4. Turn on the television or open a magazine and you see advertisements showing happy families.5.In a room above the store, where a party will be held, some workers were busily settingthe table.1. I had a strong

45、desire to reach in and play with the toy, but held back thankfully by the shop window.7. In the near future, more advances in the robot technology will made by scientists.8. He was made work by his brother.9. He was laughed by his classmates when he was in grade four.10.On May 30th, ,one bowl in the

46、 Ming dynasty sold at the price of 30.36 millionHongKong dollars.强化提升一、语法填空阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。oking andWhat should you do if you are not able to sleep? The best thing is to try to avoid bad habits. J you always go to bed and get up at about the same time, this will set a 2 (health)

47、rhythm in your life. Don' t drink caffeine drinks in the evening. Smalcohol can also keep you awake. You may have trouble _3 (sleep) if you have a heavy meal just before you go to bed.You may also find it difficult 4 (get) to sleep if you have a problem or something else on your mind. This is 5

48、you need to relax. As you lie in bed, tense the muscles in your feet and then relax 6 . Continue up the body, tensing and relaxing the muscles until you reach the head. Start with the feet again if you are still tense. If you _ 7 _ (think) about a problem or about something exciting that is going to

49、 happen the next day, get up and write about it. That will help to take it off your mind. You can also get up and read, but be sure to choose 8 book that is not too difficult. _9 , you may get so interested thatyou won ' t want to go to sleep even when you feel sleepy.Sleep well and have sweet 10 （dream）!二、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。 作文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删 除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏子符号（ A ）并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及