中考英语专题复习四数词冠词考点讲解和训练

1、欢迎下载学习好资料2011届中考英语专题复习四：数词、冠词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1 .不定冠词a与an的用法2 .定冠词the的用法3 ."零"冠词4 .基数词的用法5 .序数词的用法一.冠词的用法冠词是虚词，放在名词之前，用来说明名词指的人或事物。冠词有两种。A(an)叫不定冠词，the叫定冠词。A用在辅音之前，an用在元音之前。1 .不定冠词的用法(1) a和an均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：Johnisastudent.MaryisanEnglishteacher.(2)指某一类人或事物中的任何一个。例如：Asteelworkermakesstee

2、l.Passmeanapple,please.(3)指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物。例如：Astudentwantstoseeyou.Agirliswaitingforyououtside.(4)表示每一”的意思，相当于everyo例如：Takethemedicinethreetimesaday.Theygotoseetheirparentsonceaweek.2 .定冠词用法(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。例如：ThebookonthedeskisanEnglishdictionary.BeijingisthecapitalofChina.(2)指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物。例

3、如：Openthedoor,please.Jackisinthelibrary.(3)上文提到过的人或事物。例如：YesterdayJohn'sfatherboughthimanewbike.Thebikecosthim200yuan.(4)表示世界上独一无二的事物。例如：Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.(5)用在序数词和形容词最高级之前。例如：ShanghaiisthebiggestcityinChina.Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.(6)用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物。例如：Thenurseisk

4、indtothesick.Weshouldtakegoodcareoftheold.(7)用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中。例如：theGreatWall,theSummerpalace,inthemorning,intheopenair等。(8)用在姓氏复数之前，表示某某一家人"，某某夫妇”。例如：欢迎下载学习好资料theBrowns,thewhites等。3 .不用冠词的情况(1)某些专有名词，抽象名词和物质名词前一般不用冠词。例如：China,Canada,Japanese,glass,water,love等。(2)名词前已有作定语用的this,that,my,your,w

5、hose,some,any,no,each,every等代词时，不用冠词。例如：Thatismycap.Ihavesomequestions.Godownthisstreet.(3)复数名词表示一类人或事物时，不用冠词。Theyareworkers.Wearestudents.(4)称呼语前不用冠词，表示头衔和职务的名词前也不加冠词。例如：Idon'tfeelwelltoday,Mother.BushwasmadepresidentoftheU.S.(5)三餐饭的名称前，球类活动，学科和节目名词前，常不用冠词。例如：Ihavelunchathome.Heoftenplaysfootba

6、llafterclass.WehaveEnglishandmathseveryday.(6)在某些固定词组里，名词之前常不用冠词。例如：Byair,atnight,athome,gotobed,gotoschool,onfoot,frommorningtillnight等。.数词的用法数词分基数词和序数词。基数词表示数目，序数词表示顺序。1.基数词的用法(1)基数词在句中主要用作主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语，例如：ThirtyofthemarePartymembers.(主语)-Howmanywouldyoulike?-Three,please.(作宾语)Thenineboysarefrom

7、Tianjing.(定语)Sixplusfouristen.(表语)Wefourwillgowithyou.(同位语)(2)表示一个具体数字时，hundred,thousand,million一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如：Ourcountryhasapopulationof1,300millionpeople.Therearethreethousandstudentsinourschool.Afterthewar,thousandsofpeoplebecamehomeless.Maizeisthemostimportantfoodcropformillionsofpeop

8、leintheworld.Theyarrivedintwosandthrees.(3)表示“十”的数词的复数形式可用来表示人的岁数或年代，例如：Heisinhisearlythirties.Hediedstillinhisforties.Thistookplacein1930s.(4)表示时刻用基数词。例如：欢迎下载学习好资料Wegetupatsix.Theworkersbeginworkateight.表示几点过几分”，用介词past,但须在半小时以内。例如：tenpastten,aquarterpastnine,halfpasttwelve表示几点差几分”用介词to,但分数须在半小时以上。

9、例如:twentytonine,fivetoeight,aquartertoten表示几点几分”还可直接用基数词。例如：sevenfifteen,eleventhirty,ninetwenty2.序数词的用法(1)序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词，例如:Thefirsttruckiscarryingafootbaskets.Johnlivesonthefifteenthfloor.(2)序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示再一“，又一”这样的意思，例如:We'llhavetodoitasecondtime.ShallIaskhimathirdtime?WhenIsatdown,afour

10、thmanrosetospeak.(3)由几个序数词和基数词在拼写时不对应，很容易写错，应特别注意。它们是：one-first,two-second,three-third,five-fifth,eight-eighth,nine-ninth,twelve-twelfth。(4)表示年，月，日时，年用基数词表示，日用序数词表示。例如：1949年十月一日读作：October(the)first,nineteensixty2004年九月十日读作：September(the)tenth,twothousandandfour(5)表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于1时，分母加-s

11、。例如：threefourths,onesecond,twofifths(6)序数词有时用缩写形式:firstf1stsecondf2ndthird3rdfourth-4thtwenty-second22nd1. AboutstudentsinourclasscandescribethatplaceinEnglish.sverygood.B.hundredsofD.hundredA.three-fifthsB.three-fifthC.third-fiveD.third-fifths2. Ninepoundsaweek?ThatA.hundredofC.hundreds3. Weoftenha

12、vesportsafterclass,andIliketoplaybasketball.欢迎下载学习好资料A.aB.anC.theD.不填4. ThisissongI'vetoldyouabout.Isn'titbeautifulone?A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the【中考演练】一.单项填空1. ThismorningIhadeggandabottleofmilkformybreakfast.A.anB.aC.theD./2. -What'sthematterwithyou?-Icaughtbadcoldandhadtostayin.A.a;/

13、B.a;theC.a;aD.the;the3. -Haveyouseenpen?Ileftitherethismorning.-Isitblackone?IthinkIsawitsomewhere.A.a;theB.the;theC.the;aD.a;a4.sunisshiningbrightly.A.AB.AnC.TheD./5. Thereis"h"inthewordhour.A.aB.theC.anD./6. DidyouenjoyyourstayinXian?Yes.Ihadwonderfultime.A.aB.anC.theD./7.sunisbiggerthan

14、earth.A.A;theB.A;anC.The;anD.The;the8. Thereisappleandsomepearsonthetable.A.theB./C.aD.an9. Davidhascat.It'sverynice.A.aB.anC.theD./10. I'mreadingnovel.Itisinterestingstory.A.a;anB.a;aC.the;theD./;an11. ItissaidthatSARShaskilledmorethanpeopleworldwide.A.threehundredsB.threehundreds'C.thr

15、eehundred'sD.threehundred12. -Howmanyworkersarethereinyourfactory?-Therearetwo.A.hundredsB.hundredC.hundredofD.hundredsof13. Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?A.Two-thirdsB.AhalfC.AquarterD.Three-fourths14.-Whatdoyouthinkofawar,LiMing?-1'venoidea.Butit'safactthatpeoplehadtoleavetheirhome

16、townduringtheWaronIraq.A. threethousandsB. thousandofC.thousandsofD.severalthousands15.Weallthinkthatthecenturywillbringusmorehopes.欢迎下载学习好资料A.twenty-firstB.twentieth-firstC.twenty-oneD.twentieth-one16. -Canyouwritethenumbereighty-fivethousand,sixhundredandtwenty-six?-Yes,itis.A.856620B.85626C.58662

17、D.5862617. WhenwasthePRCfounded?Itwasfoundedon.A.July1,1921B.October1,1949C.August1,1927D.May1,192218. Iwas8yearsoldwhenmyfatherwas31.Thisyearmyfatheristwicemyage.HowoldamI?A.21B.22C.23D.2419. ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympics.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD.Thou

18、sandsof20. Bothofthetworulersarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./二.句子改错：下面各句A,B,C,D中有一处错误，请指出并改正。1. Mayisa巾fthmonthoftheyear.ABCD2. Thefilmhasbeenonforhalfahour.ABCD3. Theboysandthegirlsoftenplaythefootballintheafternoon.ABCD4. It100ksrain.Whynottakeaumbrellawithyou?ABCD5. LiMeioftengivesussomegoodinformationbythee-meil.ABCD6. We'plan