初中英语现在完成时PPT学习教案

1、会计学1初中英语现在完成时初中英语现在完成时春天还会远吗 ?will it still be far in spring?冬天已经来了,Winter has already come, 第1页/共25页现在完成时态Winter has already come.第2页/共25页现在完成时的构成形式 have done has助动词过去分词第3页/共25页第4页/共25页4.以以辅音字母辅音字母y，结尾结尾，变，变y为为ied try, study, carry, hurry, cry, worry,copy第5页/共25页主语+have/has(助动词）+过去分词+(其他）。2. 否定句: 主

2、语+have/has+not +过去分词+(其他）。 3.一般疑问句 Have/has+ 主语+过去分词? Yes, 主语+have/has. No, 主语+have/hasnt.第6页/共25页用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系: 动作或状态发生在过去,但它的影响现在还存在。 They have left. -他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里 I have had my lunch. -我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿现在完成时的含义也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。 He has learned English since 2001. -从2001年

3、开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢第7页/共25页nowpastfuture一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态,或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响They have left.He has learned English since 2001.第8页/共25页MeaningExamplealready已经已经I have already done my homework.yet还（未）还（未）I have not finished my homework yet.never从不，从没从不，从没I have never read this story.eve

4、r曾经曾经Have you ever watched this film?recently最近最近We have not seen Nancy recently.just刚刚刚刚He has just seen Nancy.for+时间段时间段时间时间She learned English for nine years.since+时间点时间点自从自从I have not eaten anything since 9 a.m.in the past在过去的在过去的He has changed a lot in the past three years.第9页/共25页1.Mr. Black l

5、eft China in 1990. Mr. Black _China since 1990.2.The hero died five years ago. The hero _ for five years.3.The meeting began two minutes ago. The meeting _ for two minutes.4.We borrowed two books last week. We _ the two books for a week.5. Sally joined the League two years ago. Sally _ the League fo

6、r two years. has been away from has been deadhas been onhave kepthas been in第10页/共25页 延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如：be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。 瞬间性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,start,stop等。 瞬间性的动词是不能持续的，所以不能和

7、表示一段时间的状语连用。比较延续性动词与瞬间性动词 第11页/共25页 since 用来说明动作起始时间 “自从” for用来说明动作延续时间长度 “长达”I have lived here for more than twenty years.I have lived here since I was born.My aunt has worked in a company since 1949. I have not heard from my uncle for a long time.比较since和for第12页/共25页第13页/共25页Verb Used for a contin

8、uous stateExamplebuyhave/has hadHe has had the watch for over two years.borrow have/has keptShe has kept this book for two weeks.arrivehave/has been in/atKitty has been in Nanjing for a month.leavehave/has been awayShe has been away from home for ten years.join have/has been in/a member of Simon has

9、 been a member of the Football Club since last year.diehave/has been deadThe fish has been dead for two days.get marriedhave/has been marriedThey have been married for more than twenty e/gohave/has been in/atMy cousin has been in Beijing for a month.begin/starthave/has been onThe meeting has been on

10、 for half an hour.stophave/has been overThe conference has been over since last Sunday.第14页/共25页He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a mo

11、nth.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an

12、 hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化第15页/共25页He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead f

13、or 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned off the light 2 hours ago.

14、- The light has been on for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film has been on for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door

15、has been closed for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army for a year. - It is a year since he joined the army. 延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化 (keys)第16页/共25页He has gone to Shanghai.他(已经)去上海了。He has been to Shanghai.他(曾经) 去过上海。比较 have/has been to ha

16、ve/has gone to第17页/共25页He went to Shanghai last week. 他(曾经)到/去过上海 在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了他已经去上海了 也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了,也许还在路上,反正他人不在这里上周他做了一件事:那就是去了上海He has been to Shanghai.He has gone to Shanghai.He has been in Shanghai for 10 years.他呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了 现在还在上海没有离开呢He lived in Shanghai for 10 years.以前

17、他在上海住过10年 现在不在上海了辨析这些句子由时态导致的含义上的差别第18页/共25页第19页/共25页 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较 1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作； 现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。I saw this film yesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）I have seen this film. （强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）第20页/共25页2）一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用; 现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般过去时的时间状语: yesterd

18、ay, last week，ago, in1990, in October, just now, - 具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语: for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet, till/until, up to now, in the past few years, recently, -模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如 yesterday, last, week, in 1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时 （错）Tom has written a letter to his parents last night. （对）Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.第21页/共25页3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live, teach, learn, work, study, know. 一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come, g