新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材综合教程2第五单元课后问题详解

1、标准文档Unit5FourteenStepsTextComprehensionIB.II.1.F;2.T;3.F;4.T;5.F.III.1. thesecondhalfofhisfirstlife.2. thedaywhenhewasunabletoclimbthosesteps,andwastolieanddie.3. hischallengetocontinueliving,andmiseryhehadtoacceptandcopewithinordertoholdontohissanity,hiswife,hishomeandhisjob.4. Hefirstfeltabitsorry

2、forthem,butthenfeltrelievedbythethoughtofpaying.5. theoldmanisblindbuthehelpedhiminthestorm;whilethewriterassumedthatadisabledmandeservedotherpeopleshelpbutneverhelpedothers.6. heshouldalwaysbereadytohelpothers.IV.1. asadmanwithlittlehopeforhisfuture,andeverythingdependedonhimtoclimbthese14steps.2.

3、thewriterwasfilledwithgreatshameandhorrorandbecamespeechless.StructuralanalysisofthetextPart 1: Paragraph1,21stlife;Part 2: Paragraph3,4,52ndlife;Part 3: Paragraph6,7,8,9incidentandreflection;Part 4: Paragraph10newlife,i.e.3rdlife.SectionFourConsolidationActivitiesPartone.VocabularyI.1. aslowlyprogr

4、essivedisease=adiseasethatgraduallybecaemoreandmoreserious2. withtheaidof=withthehelpof在的帮助下3. peeringat=lookingverycarefullyandhardat凝视4. areallset=areready准备就绪，安排妥当5. indifferenceto=notcaringabout对漠不关心II.1.tilted;2.ledupto;3.holdonto;4.carefor;5.isinclinedto;6.makealiving;7.follow,example;8.toadeg

5、ree.III.WordderivationFillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.1. Youalwaysfollowyourowninclination(incline)insteadofthinkingofourfeeling.2. Themenstoodinfrontofthebar,indifferent(indifference)totheargumentthatwasgoingonacrosstheroad.3. Thecompanyhashadasuccessfulfirstyearathomebutpenet

6、ration(penetrate)oftheinternationalmarkethasbeenslow.4. Wehadntseenherformanyyearsandwereveryshockedbyherfrailty(frail).5. Hedoesnotconsiderhisdeafnessanaffliction(afflict).6. Wewereallveryimpressedbytheexcellence(excellent)ofthedesign.7. Herfeverisgettingprogressively(progress)worse.Ithinkweshouldc

7、alladoctor.8. Thehoneymoonperiodwassoonfollowedbytheusualdisillusionment(disillusion)withday-to-dayreality.1. inclinev.使有倾向，易于；爱好inclinationn.倾向，意愿inclineda.有倾向的；倾斜的2. indifferencen.不重视，无兴趣，漠不关心indifferenta.漠不关心的，冷淡的indifferentlyad.不在乎地，冷淡地，淡然地3. penetratev.穿透，渗透；看穿penetratinga.敏锐的，尖锐的；穿透的，透彻的penetr

8、ationn.渗透，侵入，突破4. fraila.脆弱的，虚弱的frailtyn.脆弱，意志薄弱；弱点5. afflictv.使苦恼，折磨afflictionn.痛苦，苦恼，苦难6. excellenta.极好的，杰出的excellencen.优秀，卓越，优点excellentlyad.优秀地，超群地7. progressn.进步，发展，前进progressionn.前进progressivea.前进的，渐进的8. disillusionn.觉醒，幻灭disillusionmentn.幻灭感disillusioneda.大失所望的，幻想破灭的IV.1. A;2.C;3.B;4.D;5.B;6.

9、A;7.D;8.B.V. Synonym/AntonymGiveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.1. AndImanagedtokeepmyhealthandoptimism,toadegree,becauseof14steps.Antonym:pessimism2. Notso.Herehobbledabitterlydisillusionedcripple,amanwhoheldontohissanityandhiswifeandhishomeandhisjobbecauseof1

10、4miserablestepsleadinguptothebackdoorfromhisgarage.Synonym:painfully,desperately3. Shewentintothehouseandamomentlatercameoutbundledinraincoatandhat,followedbyamanwhocalledacheerfulgreeting.Antonym:cheerless,unhappy,gloomy4. Istartedtheengineandthumpedslowlyalong,keepingwelloverontheshoulderuntilIcam

11、etothedirtroad,whereIturnedinthankfully.Synonym:fortunately5. Hewasanoldman,stoopedandfrail-lookingunderhisslicker.Synonym:weak,delicate,feeble6. AsIbecameolder,Ibecamemoredisillusionedandfrustrated.Synonym:disappointed7. IrealizedthatIwasfilledtooverflowingwithself-pity,selfishness,indifferencetoth

12、eneedsofothersandthoughtlessness.Antonym:selflessness,unselfishness8. Therefollowedalongintervalofnoises.Synonym:periodVI.CompoundingWriteineachspacethemeaningofeachgivenword.1. likewiseinthesameway2. underwayinprogress3. carefreewithnoconcern4. forthcomingsoon5. stand-byuse6. user-friendlyuse7. sou

13、ndproofsound8. landlockedlandcomingsomethingreadyforhandytopreventingthepassageofalmost or entirelysurroundedbyPartTwo.GrammarExercises1.NumeralsCardinal基数numeralsexpressinteger整数(whole)abstractnumbers,orthenumber/amountofthedeterminednounsinliteralform.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,card

14、inalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1. adjectives2. nouns3. numeral“one”canalsobeapronounThedifferentwaystoexpress“around”:around,about,nearly,some,moreorless,orso,thereabouts,etc.Ordinal序数numeralsareusedtoexpressan/theorderinaseries.Inadditiontobeingnumeralsdeterminingnouns,ordinalnumeralsmayalsoworkas:1. ad

15、jectives2. nouns3. adverbsOrdinalnumeralsallowbotharticlesahead.Again,thearticledeterminesthenounonly,notthenumeral.Fractionalnumeralisusedtoexpresspartsofawhole.Commonly,ittakestwoforms:1. Common普通分数/简分数fractionWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholes+Numerator/Denominatore.g.12/3=(isequaltoormeans)one(who

16、le)and/plustwothirdsNotethe“s”addedtothedenominator:“thirds”.2. Decimal小数numbersWorkaccordingtotheformula:Wholenumbers(point)decimalse.g.12.15=(isequaltoormeans)twelvefifteen,ortwelvepointfifteenIdifferentwaystoexpress“around”.I. About100students;2.moreorless40pages;3.Thereare30orsoquestions;4.twoho

17、ursorthereabouts;5.somefourmiles;6.50ish.II.1.anap合一会儿眼；2.verygoodindeed百里挑一；3.inamess乱七八糟；4.onhandsandknees四脚爬;5.verymuchbetterthanyouare比你强十倍;6.talkingquicklyandcontinuously;7.veryprobably十有八九;8.alotways千万条路子.III.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.1. Hewasnotdueattheofficeforanotherthree-quar

18、ter(attributive-adjective)(threequarters)ofanhour.2. was-were.3. ThisistheworstdisasterIcanrememberinmyplus25years(25yearsplus)asapoliceofficer.4. secondtime-asecondtime.5. see-haveseen.(presentperfect)6. Ittookhimoneandahalfhourstofinishthetask.7. Twenty-nine(beginning)2.Determiners(both,each,eithe

19、rorneither,some,any)Determinersareusedinfrontofnounstoindicatewhetheryouarereferringtosomethingspecificorsomethingofaparticulartype.Bothisusedtoindicatethattheactionorstatedenotedbytheverbappliesindividuallytoeachofthetwoentities.Whenbothisusedwithandtolinkparallelelementsinasentence,thewordsorphras

20、esthatfollowthemshouldcorrespondgrammatically.Bothcanonlycollocatewithpluralcountnouns.e.g.Bothherfingersarebroken.BothMaryandTomlikereadingEnglishnovels.Thephrasebeginningwitheachidentifiesasetofitemswhereinthewordsfollowingeachidentifytheindividualelementsbytheirsharedcharacteristics.Thephraseisgr

21、ammaticallysingularinnumber,soifthephraseisthesubjectofasentence,itsverbisconjugatedintoathird-personsingularform.Similarly,anypronounsthatrefertothenounphrasearesingular.e.g.Eachcandidatehas49votes.Eachvotermustdecideforherself.Eitherandneitherareusedinsentencesconcerningapossiblechoicebetweentwoit

22、ems.Eithercanmeanoneortheother(oftwo)oreachoftwo.e.g.Ivegotteaandcoffee,soyoucanhaveeither.(oneortheother)Theroomhasadoorateitherend.(both)Neithermeansnotthefirstoneandnotthesecondone.e.g.Neitherofthestudentswerelistening.Both,someandanyappearbeforenouns.Someandanymaybeusedwithcountableanduncountabl

23、enouns.e.g.Heboughtsomesandwichesforlunch.HedidntseeanystarswhenhevisitedHollywood.Heatesomecheesewithhissandwiches.t sleep.HeneverdrinksanycoffeeatnightbecausethenhecanIV.Both,both,Neither,either,neither.both,each,either.V. Fillineachoftheblankswithsome,anyoroneoftheircompounds.1. somewhat2. Therep

24、airswillcostsomethingintheregionof$500.3. Iwasamazedthatsome400peoplecametothemeetingtodiscussthenewschemeforashoppingcenter.4. somehow,anything5. anything,something6. Georgeoughttobeabletotellwhetherthatoldplateisvaluable.Heis_something_ofanexpertonchina.7. Whathaveyoubeenupto?Ihaventseen_anything_

25、ofyouforages.8. someVI.1. Inspiteof+noun-2. Itseemedtomethat+clause-PartThree.Translationexercises1. EnglishtoChinese2. 常言道猫有九命，我信这话。因为我已经活第三回了，尽管我并不是猫。3. 我只是一个一瘸一拐、幻想破灭的残疾人，一个凭着攀登车库和后门之间十四级令人痛苦的台阶而努力保持清醒的心智，伴随妻子、维持家庭和坚持工作的人。4. 其后的几秒钟一切都好像凝滞了，那一刻的羞耻和惊诧深深的穿透了我的肺腑，我感到了一种从未有过的难受。5. 我意识到自己极端自怜、自私，对别人的需要

26、漠不关心，不为别人着想。II.Chinesetoenglishbe1. 这位电影演员比大多数人更愿意帮助残疾人，因为他自己十年前曾中过风。inclinedto)Thisfilmactorismoreinclinedthanmostpeopletohelpthehandicappedbecausehehimselfsufferedastroketenyearsago.2. Theoldmanisafflictedwithrheumatism,buthestillgoesjoggingandmountain-climbingeveryday.3. 美国金融制度中的一些缺陷始终没有得到足够的重视，最

27、终酿成了灾难性的后果。(leadto)SomeoftheflawsintheAmericanfinancialsystem,whichhadneverreceiveddueattention，eventuallyledtodisastrousconsequences.4. Heheldontohissharesofthatcompanywhenthepricesweredroppingsharplyladtyear.Noehehasmadeafortune.5. 赶快断了这个念头吧这个想法太疯狂了，根本不值得考虑。(dismiss)Justdismisstheideafromyourmindi

28、tscrazyandnotworththinkingaboutatall.6. WewereallsettoleavefortheholidayinNewYorkwhenthe39/11incidentshookthewholeworld.7. IfyouthinkIhaveamagicformulatosolvetheproblem,youareboundtobedisillusioned.8. ThatJapanesecompanysucceededinpenetratingtheUSTVmarket.VIWritingPracticeParagraphdevelopmentAnalogy

29、Writersveryoftenexplainsomethingthatisnewordifficultbycomparingittosomethingthatthereaderalreadyknowswell.Whensuchacomparisoniscarriedthroughindetail,wecallitananalogy.Creativeanalogiesarealwaysimpressiveandinspiring.Theyarousereadersinterestandmakethemwanttoreadmore.Someanalogiesmayappearstrangeand

30、weirdatfirstsight,buttheycanopenourmindstoseeoursubjectinnewandinterestingways.Exercises:Writetwoparagraphsbasedonthefollowingtopicsentenceswiththeanalogystrategy.1. Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Ideasforreference:Theyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theyrelyontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Sample:

31、Elderlypeoplearelikebabies.Babiescomeintotheworldwithnoteeth,theelderlyleavewithnoteethtoo.Themostobvioussimilaritybetweenelderlypeopleandbabiesisthattheyneedthecareandinterventionofothers.Theymaydependuponsomeoneforsomethingassimpleasmovingfromplacetoplace.Manyelderlypeopleandinfantscannotwalkwitho

32、utassistance.Apersonweakwithagemaysitinawheelchairalldayandrequireotherstopushthem.Mostimportantly,theybothneedothersextraattention.Theyarenotsosociallyactivesotheyrelymoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.Babiesandoldpeople,youhavetolovethem,theyarethemostlovablepeopleintheworld.Elderlypeopleareli

33、kebabies.Firstofall,elderlypeoplearephysicallyvulnerablejustlikebabies.Theyaresoeasilytakenillwhenevertheweatherchangesdrastically.Whenacoldwavestrikes,elderlypeopleareaslikelytocatchacoldasbabiesdoandtheymayalsohavebloodpressureproblemsorevendevelopothermoreseriousconditions.Second,manypeopleofadva

34、ncedagesseemtoreturntothestateofignorancetypicalofthena?vechild.Thatiswhywehavecomeacrosssomanystoriesofcriminalfraudsthathavevictimizedretired,elderlypeople.Lastbutnotleast,elderlypeopleneedtheiradultchildrensextraattentionjustasmuchasbabieswanttheirparentsloveandcare.Theyarenolongerassociallyactiveastheyusedtoby;theyrelyevermoreontheirfamiliesforemotionalsupport.However,inmanydomesticsituations,theyfeelleftout,andevendeliberatelyignored.Whentheyareinemotionaltrouble,theyarenotabletohandleiteffectivelyandskillfully.Theywanttheirchildrenscompanyasmuchastheirchildrensb