人教版高中英语语法复习资料

1、实用文档语法：是一门研究英语语言构成规律的学科。文案大全简单句：在句子中只包含一套主谓结构。并列句：通常由一个连词连接的并列的句子。复合句：R大句套小句1 一气：虚拟语气二词：非谓语动词、情态动词三句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句陈述句疑问句祈使句感叹句形容词名词性从句 简单句状语从句 复合句定语从句 并列句句 法语法非谓语动词1、 在句中不能作谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词2、 啥样呢？1 .不定式：To do2 .动名词：Doing3 .分词：Donei法名词 数词代词 动词一介词副词感叹词 冠词 连词时态、语态 上谓语动词 情态动词Eg1. The ocean and seas surrou

2、nding the islands are deep blue.围绕着群岛的海洋是深蓝色的Eg2. My mother ordered the homework to be done.非谓语动词的宾补，其逻辑主语为前面宾语 方法一：口诀法非谓语，三要点。变否定，NO硒。哼哈将，时逻关。 七仙女，记心间。（一） 变否定（二） 哼哈将1. 动词不定式 、tn-t r 、一理关系主动关系被动关系时间美尔一般式To doTo be done完成式To have doneTo have been done进行式To be doing(To be being done)完成进行式To have being

3、 doing(To have been being done) 一般式：不定式的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作发生。A: iBj词 B :不定| 完成式：不定时动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。Eg3. Jay Chou taught us to singA:谓语动词 B :不定式黄河大合唱last night. 进行式：不定时的动作和谓语动词动作同时正在进行A:谓语动出 B :不定式Eg4. When his mother entered, the boy pretended to be sleeping. 完成进行式：不定时的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，一直持续到谓语动词动作，

4、到谓语动词动作为止。不定时的动作有可能刚刚结束，还有可能继续延续下去。AB B .B 1一BA:谓语动词B :不乱I Eg5. Mr. Zhong is said to have been working as a teacher for 10 years.2.动名词（同时具有动词和名词的双重性质，Doing）时间关系Z 屈木r 彳m 一，一主动关系被动关系一般卷毒美尔DoingBeing done完成式Having doneHaving been done 一般式：动名词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生。A:谓语动，B B :动名词若非谓语动词动作在谓语动词动作之后发生，则通常用“To do” 完

5、成式：动名词动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。A:谓语动词B :不定式Eg6. She didn ' t acknowledge having received my flowers.Eg7. Xiaoqiang was so lucky that it had just missed being caught.To Do一般Doing I（1.固，搭配；2.Eg. mean to do 一计戈U mean doing 一意味着）want, worth, 5 某些词（need, demand要求，deserve f应得，allow,require）后，用动名词的主动形式表示被动。Eg8. T

6、he house needs repairing.Be worthy of being done=Be worthy to be doneEg9. Want +to do（ 想要）/ doing（ 想要被 ）3.分词1） Doing & Done现在分词与过去分词相区分的三大原则a.现在分词表示动作正在发生The falling man过去分词表示已经完成The fallen manb.非谓语动词作定语，其逻辑主语就是其所修饰的词The excited man , The exciting man , The exciting film过去分词现在分词被动主动Eg10. The ama

7、zing man （A）The amazed man （ B）A.小丑 B. 观众c.现在分词有时间逻辑上的变化，而过去分词没有.时可¥系、皿上日27七-主动关系被动关系口美加 一般整辑关系DoingBeing done完成式Having doneHaving been done 三个区分： Done & Being doneDone 已经被 Being done 正在被 Done & Having done Done & Having been done已经被（通常可互换）过去分词更强调一种由始至终的动作，Having been done 更强调分词的动作在

8、谓语动词动作之前发生Eg11. English is a language spoken all over the world.Eg12. Having best shown to the library, we were taken to the restaurant.2）独立主招自也勺生为Eg13. She was standing behind the door with a book in her hand.独立主格：（两大语法功能）a.具有自己本身的逻辑主语，这个主语不是句子中真正的主语 b.独立主格结构在整个句子中充当状语adj.adv.（With） +n.（逻辑主语）+ Doin

9、g Doner介词短语 不定式句意Eg14. The job A , we wentA. finished B. finishing一主动一被动traight home.C. had finished D. was finished七仙女"，丁七仙女 非谓、主语宾语介词 宾语宾语 补足语状语定语表语不7E式动名词分词逻辑主语本身通常是句子 本身主语通常是句子 本身主语宾语句子本 身主语所修饰 的词通常是句子 本身主语1）作主语区分 Dong更强调经常性、习惯性动作To do更强调一次性动作Doing To do 转换（To do做真正主语）Eg15. Smoking is harmf

10、ul to our health.It is / was+adj./n./done+for/of+sb/sth+to doIt is / was+no good/use+doing2）作宾语区分like/love/hate/prefer+to do+doing（To do更强调一次性动作;Eg16. I like dancing but I don （见例）To do表将来， Doing 表事已做过Doing更强调经常性、习惯性动作't like to dance with you now.Eg17. RememberForgetRegret 方法二：讲故事法To do表将来Doing

11、已做过的事Eg18. mean+to do/doingStop/go on+to do/doing3）作介词宾语区分prep.+doingEg19. On being introduced to strangers British people often shake hands.prep+ 疑问词 +to doEg20. Xiaoqiang always gives me some advice on how to express my feelings.Look forward to doing 盼望着做某事Be used to doingBe accustomed to doing习惯于

12、做某事Devote oneself / one ' s lifepo doingCan' t help but do = Have to doUsed to do过去习惯做某事（表示现在不干了）Am/is/are used to doing现在习惯于做某事Be used to do被用来作为Was/were used to do过去被用来做某事（不强调现在）4）作宾语补足语区分ask sb to do sth.感官动词：see, look feelEg21. do doing beSeedoEne done 使役动词一 “使”at, watch, notice, observe

13、,r看见某人做某事（整个过程） 看见某人正在做某事j看见某人正在被看见某人被（共四个）hear, listento, smell, taste,Let, Get, Make, HaveEg22. Let sb doGet sb to do（ 主）/ done（ 被） I can ' t get the car start.Make sb do（ 主）/ done（ 被）Be made to doHave to do / doneHave sth to do注斗区分have意思Eg23. - Excuse me, where is Room 301/-Just a minute. I &

14、#39; ll have Bob show you your room.5）作状语区分句子，（状语）患胃语型Jr"不定式作状谱.通常表示目的、结果、程度常译为“为了”分词作状语通常表示伴随、条件、方式、原因Eg24. Seeing from the FHS, we ' ve got a wonderful view.Eg25. The storm left, having caused a lot of damage to this area. 常用搭配：1. To tell you the truth, 2. too to 3. only to（通常引出意想不到的结果）4.

15、 Lift a stone only to drop on his own feet.5. enough to 足以6. generally speaking通常情况下说7. judging from / by6）作定语区分不定式通常放在被修饰词之后，用来表示一次性或将来的动作动名词通常放在被修饰词之前，用来表示被修饰词的性质、特征、用途分词既可放在被修饰词之前，又可放在被修饰词之后，通常表示一个动作;现在分词表示主动或一种持续状态；过去分词表被动7）作表语区分系动词： Like, get, come, see, smell 不定式通常具有名词性质，用来表示主语所具有的内容，更强调一次性或将来

16、的动作 动名词通常具有名词性质，用来表示主语所具有的内容，更强调经常性、习惯性动作 分词通常具有形容词性质，用来表示主语所具有的兴趣和特性Eg26. My job is feeding / to feed pigs.名词性从句、通常由一个引导词引导的一个小句具有名词的性质，在整个大句中充当一个成分（主、宾、表、同位、补）主语从句宾语从句同位语从句表语从句补语从句1. (Whoever comes henows him.2. We all know that he can fly.3. The news that he succeeded in the end is well-know.4. T

17、he problem is that he always eats a lot.5. We are surthatill go to the moon to date Sister Oh ang桂语时俱进类 引豆筒词形1词义F从句中充当的成分省略111连That门主、同位小叫省;表、接兵可省 1词Whether是联想谐音记头法（千If否万孤独）连Who(ever)谁主、表 1，接Whom(ever)谁宾代What(ever)什么主、宾、表X词Which(ever)哪一个主、宾、定特指（泛指）Whose(ever)谁的定1.引导词“猪头”有选择项用“ Which"，没有选择项用“ Wh

18、at” "Whose1必须和后面名词同时省略连 接 副 词When(ever)时间状Where(ever)地点Why原因How(ever)方式、程度Eg27. This is what I like.找查原则找呼7分Eg28. This is where I runvi.析： S+ 谓(eg. I ranS+Ru- vi 谓+(介 +宾) Eg29. Mary wrote an article on)/状).(why the team had failed to win the match 2.语时俱进1）语序：疑问句在从句中要按正常语序排列（疑问词+S+谓）2）时态：要保持一致 W

19、hether 与 If主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中通常用Whether介词后，不定式前，通常用 Whether"Whether or not "与"If "不可互换"Whether or not "与"If "可互换4.常见考点1) 主语从句放在句前，主句谓语动词用单数固定搭配It is / was +adj./n./done +that从句It seems /happens + that Eg30. Which way you turn is up to you.2) 表语从句As As if As thou

20、gh BecauseEg31如e looks"船稀ewere drunk.因为L-虚拟语气The reason is /was + that It is /was + the reason + why ( 定语从句 )Because 那是因为It / That / ThW+yis /was +那就是,一的原因Eg32. It is because he has just broken up with his girl friend.3) 宾语从句IS + vt. + OS + vi. + prep + OS + v (tell, teach, give, show, make, se

21、nd) + O + OEg33. Our thoughts make us what we are.思想塑造人S + 谓 + it + adj. + that 从句 /to do疑+ do you think /suppose +从句主语+ 从句谓语 + 其它客观真理一般现在时4) 同位语从句通常由that引导，放在某些固定的名词( plan, idea, news, fact, hope )之后n.= that (同位语从句用来解释说明前面的名词所具有的内容)Eg34. The news that she had received the flowers was true.(同位语从句 )T

22、he news that she had heard was true.(定语从句 )定语从句Eg35. I saw a flying pig in the sky.fI saw a pig which was flying in the sky.关系代词关系副词ThatWhyWhichWhereWhoWhenWhom(But)WhoseAs一. 关系代词联系副词“三板斧”原则1 .砍逗号That, but, why不引导非限制性定语从句2 .砍先行词（人、物、时间、地点、原因）3 .砍成份（定语从句中缺少的成分-主语、宾语、介词宾语、 状语、定语）分类 引导济词形先行词从句中充当的成 分范围

23、关 系 代 讯Who1 .人(含人名)2 .拟人的物3 . all,those等，指人时4 .集合名词表个 体时(people, police,team, class,enemy,commit tee, group )1.主语2.宾语（口语 中）限&非限Whom（同上）1.宾语（可省 略）2.介词宾语限&非限 prep + whom, whom 不可省略 prep +whom, whom 可以省略ThatEg. The girl that/-/whom Iwrote a letter tois 1 .人2 .物3 .人和物(sb.+sth.)4 .不定代词5 .先行词被最高 级

24、序数词(only, very, all,few,many, much,1 .主语2 .宾语（可 省）3 .介词宾语 prep 不能 放在that 前且 可以省略限little 等）修饰Which1 .物2 .集合名词表物3 . 句子4 .不明性别的婴儿1.主语2 .宾语（可省）3 .介词宾语限&非限 prep + which, 介词宾语不可省 prep + which, 介词宾语可省Whose1.人2.物定语限&非限必须和后面的名词同时出现 Whose = n.+ of + whom /whichEg The Northern Island is famous for the

25、area of hot spring, some of which are throw into the sky.Eg. New Zealand has population of about 3.1 million people of which 14 percent are Maoris.关系代词或关系副词要尽量靠 近先行词But Eg.There ' s nobody buthas hisfaults.1 .人2 .物主句变否定句 But = who not=that not主语限AsAs we all know /expect Such /That + n. + that As

26、 often happens1.人2.物3. 整句1.主语2.宾语3. 表语4.状语限&非限 As VS Which1. Which不能放在整句句首2. As要多译一个“正如”关 系 副Where=prep + which1. 地点2. 时间3.原因状语限&非限When=prep + which1. 地点2. 时间3.原因状语限&非限词Why=for which1. 地点2. 时间3. 原因状语限2. 定从中的主谓一致1 .定从中的谓语动词取决于先行词（先行词为单数，谓语动词为单数）2 . which & as 若替代整个句子的句意，则定从中的谓语动词用单数3

27、.若先行词为one of the + n.（pl.）,则谓语动词用复数；若先行词为the only one of the + n.（pl.）,则谓语动词用单数3. “限制性定语从句”与“非限制性定语从句”的区分Eg36. Xiao Qiang, who lives in Beijing, is my brother.Xiao Qiang who lives in Beijing is my brother.1. “）”逗号2 .限制性定语从句只能用来限制、修饰先行词，不能省略，通常放在先行词前，与主 句译为一句；非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用，通常可省略，翻译时与主句译为两句。3 . Whic

28、h & As在引导限制性定语从句时，只能用来替代先行词词义；引导非限制性定语从句时，还可替代整个句子的句意。状语从句（时间、地点、原因、让步、条件、方式、目的、结果、比较） 一比方让木（目）条原地开花结果 实（时）基本不考比较状语从句“三要”：AS之间要原形，（"asas”结构，中间加 adj./adv. 原形）比较对象要对立，eg. YY likes dogs more than I (do).THAN主宾要分清（2） 方式状语从句As 一正如，像As ifAs though l似乎，好像（3） 让步状语从1. Though /All though /Even “howev

29、er”；可以出现2. Whatever =No matter what, 语从句时可以替换。eg. ZZ sings better than ainyseneour department. Anyone else fAny other + n单)The other + n.(pl.)The othersif /Even though /While 后面不加"but",yet, still, nevertheless引导名词性从句时不可替换，引导状3. Adj. Adv. Article +n.+ as /though +S + FVerb,Eg37. Ugly as I a

30、m, I am tender.（4） 目的状语从句In order that So that So that（5） 条件状语从句（条件状语从句中不能用将来时）1. if一主将从现2. unless = if not 除非3. as long as 只要provided that providing that on condition that 在条件下（6） 原因状语从句Seeing that Considering that In that 因为（引导原因状语从句）（7） 地点状语从句Wherever, Where, Anywhere, EverywhereEg38. People don

31、' t lack strength they lack will.（8） 结果状语从句1. so +adj./adv. + that so many /few /much /little +n. +thatso +adj. +a /an +n. +that 2. such +n. + that such + a lot of +n. +that such a /an +adj. +n.+ that （9） 时间状语从句1. When, While, As 突然然而伴随2. before & after3. as soon as可用在任何时态=hardly had done wh

32、en did =scarcely had done when did =no sooner had done when did Eg39. The students had hardly seen me when they ran off.fHardly had the students seen me when they ran off.情态动词 完全情态动词： can / could, may / might, will / would, hall / should, must, ought to半情态动词 ：need, doneEg27. Can <1> 本义：能够；<

33、2>推测：可能Can ' t <1>本义：不能；<2>推测：不可能虚拟语气通常提出一种不可能存在的假设或与事实相反的假设对现在:If+did, S+would / should / could / might+do对将来：一 > If+did, S+would / should / could / might+do< 二 >If+were to do / should do, S+would / should / could / might+do 对过去：If+had done, S+ would / should / could / m

34、ight+have done虚拟语气中的被动此一律用Was情态动词专题 基础知识（一）情态动词的定义情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。（二）情态动词的特点1）有一定词义；2）不受主语人称和数的变化影响；3）与主要动词的原形（或称不带 to的不定式）一起构成谓语（除 ought to作固定词组看 待）。（三）情态动词的基本用法1. can (could)1)表示能力，could主要指过去时间。Two eyes can see more than one.两只眼比一只眼看得清。Could the girl read before she went to school?这女孩上学前能识字吗？

35、2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。The temperature can fall to - 60 C , that is 60 C below freezing.气温可降至一60 C,也就是零下 60 CoHe can ' t (couldn ' t) have enough money for a new car.他不可能有足够的钱买新车。You mustn ' t smoke while you ' re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.在林子里走时勿吸烟，那样可能会引起火灾。3）表

36、不允许。Can I have a look at your new pen?我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗？He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading- room.他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。4）表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。Where can （could） they have gone to?他们会去哪儿了呢？He can' t （couldn ' t） be over sixty.他不可能超过六十岁。How can you be so careless?你怎么这么粗心？5

37、）比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。Can （Could） you lend me a hand?帮我一把好吗？I' m afraid we couldn 't give you an answer today.恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。2. may （might）1）表允许，might可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。You may take whatever you like.你喜欢什么就拿什么。He told me that I might smoke in the room.他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。May （Might） I ask for a photo

38、of your baby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？在回答以may引起的问句时，多避免用这个词，而用其它方式，如 Yes, please. / Certai nly./ Please don ' t ./ You ' d better not. / No, you mustn ' t.等，以免显得太严峻或不 客气。2）表可能（事实上）。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气更加不肯定。He may be at home. 他可能在家。She may not know about it.她可能不知道这件事。He was afraid they might not ag

39、ree with him.他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。They might be having a meeting, but I' m not sure.他们有可能在开会，不过我不肯定。3. must1）表示义务。意为“必须”（主观意志）。We must do everything step by step.我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。You mustn ' t talk to her like that.你不可能那样对她说话。-Must we hand in our exercisebooks now?我们现在就要交练习本吗？-No, you needn' t. /

40、 No, you don' t have to. 不必。（这种情况下，一般不用mustnt）2）表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等，只用于肯定句。He must be ill. He looks so pale.他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。She' s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot of money.她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。4. shall1）表征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。Shall I get you some tea?我给你点茶好吗？Shall the boy wait outside?让那男孩在

41、外面等吗？What shall we do this evening?我们今晚做什么？2）表说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。You shall do as I say.按我说的做。（命令）You shall have my answer tomorrow.你明天可以得到我的答复。（允诺）He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会后悔的，我告诉你。（警告）Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。（决心）5.

42、 will1）表意愿，用于各种人称陈述句。I will do anything for you.None is so blind as those who wonIf you will read the book, I我愿为你做任何事。't see.ll lend it to you.不愿看的人眼最瞎。如果你愿意读这本书，我会把它借给你。2）表请求，用于疑问句。Will you close the window? ItWon t you drink some more coffee?3）表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。Fish will die out of water.'s a b

43、it cold.请你把窗户关上好吗？有点冷。再来一点咖啡好吗?鱼离开水就不能活。The door won ' t open. 这门打不开。The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点，看着车辆行人通过。6. should1）表义务。意为“应该”（某件事宜于做），用于各种人称。You should be polite to your teachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。You shouldn ' t waste any time.你不应该浪费时间。2）表推测，

44、意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。The film should be very good as it is starring firstclass actors.这部新电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。They should be home by now.照说他们现在应当已经到家了。7. would他们不让他进去因为1）表意愿。They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed.他衣着破旧。我说过我愿意为你做任何事。再来杯啤酒好吗？请把窗户擦一下好吗？他们不会有什么反对意见。I said I would do anything

45、for you.2）表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。Would you like another glass of beer?Would you mind cleaning the window? They wouldn ' t have anything against it.3）表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。8. ought to1）表义务，意为“应该”（因责任、义务等该做），口气比should稍重。You are his fat

46、her. You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当管他。You oughtn ' t to smoke so much.你不应该抽这么多烟。2）表推测，暗含很大的可能，语气较弱。Han Mei ought to know his telephone number.韩梅该知道他的电话号码。There' s a fine sunset; it ought to be a fine day tomorrow.今天有晚霞，明天应该是个好天。9. used to表示过去的习惯动作或状态，现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。He used to l

47、ive in the countryside, but now he lives in the city.他过去住在乡下，现在住在城里。There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled dow n.街道拐角处过去有座楼房，现在拆了。I usedn ' t （didn ' t use） to smoke.我过去不抽烟。Used you （Did you use） to go to school on foot?你过去常步行去学校吗？虚拟语气是一种表达方式， 当我们要表达自己或某人的主观

48、愿望的时候，就用到虚拟语气了。虚拟语气 （高二内容，但虚拟语气在高考的选择题中已多年未出现，主要放在阅读理解中）Verb可以决定pattern 句型2 mood语气（1）陈述（2）祈使（3）虚拟1if 一般 含蓄2语气should句3原型4其他简单的说虚拟语气可以分4类(1, 2, 4考的比较多)1. if条件句(一般)if条件句主句现在 if+ 主语+were/v-ed, 主语+would(shouldcouldmight)+do过去 if+ 主语+had+v-ed,主语+would(shouldcouldmight)+have+v-ed将来 if+ 主语+v-ed/wereto/shoul

49、d, 主语+would(shouldcouldmight)+do$省略if的用法1去掉if2should/had/were 提前$错综主句和从句发生的时间不同，(有些会给你时间状语)ifIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenthatposition.从句现在主句过去ifhehadlistenedtome,hewouldnotbeinsuchabigtroublenow.(now)从句过去主句现在(含蓄)没有if在条件句中出现常常是：given,suppose,supposing,butfor=ifsbhadnotbeenfor,butthat,otherwise,or,without

50、2表示建议、命令或要求，在从句中用shoulddo美语里should常省略(1)宾语从句建议：adviseproposesuggestmoverecommend要求：requestrequiredemandinsisturge命令：ordercommanddirect$(insist表坚持认为suggest表暗示仍用陈述语气)(2)主语从句itis/was+adj/v-ed+thatclauseadj/v-ed:importanturgentsignificantvitalnecessaryessentialimperativecrucialpref erableadvisablerequir

51、eddemandedinsistentdesiredorderednatural(3)表语/同位语从句修饰N的表语或同位语从句中(通常是前两组的名词性词 )advicedesireideasuggestionrequestplanmotiondemandorderproposalrequirementcomman drecommendationinsistencepreference 3原型eggodblessyou.判断依据：正常 s第三人称v+es/s4其他(1) Wish从句中谓语动词现在 were/did过去 hadv-ed/couldhavev-ed将来 could/woulddo(

52、2) would(had)rather 类似于 wish$Iwouldratheryouwrotemeonceaweek.( 虚拟)Iwouldratherphoneyou3timesaweekthanwAteyouonceaweek.(情态)(3) it ' sabout/hightimethat+s+did 表早该做某事(4) ifonly 要是就好了，但愿常省略主句ifonlyIwere2yearsyounger.asif/though1不用虚拟2用同if虚拟(6)以防，唯恐 incase,lest,forfearthat还有一些表委婉客气1wouldumindmysmoking

53、here?表感情色彩 it ' ssurprisingthatsheshouldlooksomiserable.在高中阶段，虚拟语气被普遍认为是难度大，不易掌握的语法项目， 很容易使初学者望而生畏，能否从中找出一些规律呢？下面就是根据虚拟语气的谓语动词变化，把虚拟语气分为四大类型，以便掌握。1 .时间选择型当虚拟语气用来表示一种不能成为现实、不真实的情况时，须选择与现在、将来和过去情况相反的三种不同时间，从而决定谓语动词。这类虚拟语气主要用于如下几方面：(1)虚拟条件句(含蓄虚拟条件句)Iflwereyou , lwouldstudymuchharder(与现在情况相反)Ifhedid

54、 (weretodo , shoulddo ) it , hewoulddoitwell(与将来情况相反)Iwouldn'thavefinishedtheworkwithoutyourhelp(与过去情况相反)(2)由evenif (though )引导的让步状语从句，其谓语动词变化同于虚拟条件句，在口语 中也可用直陈语气。Evenifhewerehere,hewouldn'tbeabletohelpyou(与现在情况相反)Nothingcouldhavesavedyourfather , evenifthedoctorhadarrivedontime(与过去情况相反)(3) wish后的宾语从句IwishIwerefiveyearsyoungerthanyou .定语从句关于定语从句的简单的概念1 .先行词：被定语从句所修