【名师A计划】2017高考英语一轮总复习-第一部分-教材知识梳理-Unit-5-First-aid课件-新人教版必修5

1、Unit 5Unit 5First aidFirst aid重点短语重点句型重点单词1.aidvt.& n.帮助;援助;资助2.temporaryadj.暂时的;临时的temporarilyadv.暂时地;临时地3.injuryn.伤害;损伤injurevt.伤害;损害injuredadj.受伤的4.bleedvt.& vi.流血bloodn.血液;血统bloodyadj.出血的;血腥的5.barriern.屏障;障碍(物)6.poisonn.毒药;毒害 vt.毒害;使中毒poisonousadj.有毒的;有害的 重点短语重点句型重点单词plexadj.复杂的complexit

2、yn.复杂;复杂性8.varietyn.变化;多样(化);多变(性)variousadj.各种各样的9.mildadj.轻微的;温和的,温柔的mildlyadv.轻微地;温和地10.swellvt.& vi.(使)膨胀;隆起swollenadj.肿胀的11.unbearableadj.难以忍受的;不能容忍的bearable(反义词)adj.可忍受的bearvt.容忍,忍受 vi.开花;结果12.squeezevt.& vi.榨;挤;压榨squeezern.榨汁机;压榨者 重点短语重点句型重点单词13.pourvt.& vi.倒;灌;注;滴14.vitaladj.至关重要

3、的,生死攸关的vitallyadv.紧要地,生死攸关地15.tightadj.紧的,牢的;紧密的tightlyadv.紧地,牢牢地tightenvt.& vi.收紧(使)变紧16.firmadj.(动作)稳定有力的;坚定的firmlyadv.坚固地;稳定地17.ceremonyn.典礼;仪式;礼节18.braveryn.勇敢;勇气braveadj.勇敢的bravelyadv.勇敢地 重点短语重点句型重点单词19.treatvt.& vi.治疗;对待;款待 n.款待;招待treatmentn.治疗;处理20.applyvt.涂,擦;应用,运用 vi.使用;申请,请求;有效appl

4、icationn.申请;应用applicantn.申请人21.pressuren.压力;挤压;压迫感pressvt.压,榨,挤;逼迫,强迫 重点短语重点句型重点单词1.first aid (对伤患者的)急救2.fall ill 生病3.electric shock 触电;电休克4.squeeze out 榨出;挤出5.over and over again 反复;多次6.in place 在适当的位置;适当7.a number of 若干;许多8.put ones hands on 找到9.make a difference 区别对待;有影响,起(重要)作用 重点短语重点句型重点单词1.如果烧

5、伤的部位在臂部或腿部,要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。If burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible .2.你的皮肤使你感到冷热、疼痛,它还使你有触觉。Your skin is where you feel cold,heat,or pain and it gives you your sense of touch.3.约翰正在房间里学习,这时他听到了一声尖叫。John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.4.正是约翰快捷的动作和

6、急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。It was Johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved Ms Slades life.5.毫无疑问,正是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved Ms Slades life. The skin,1.which acts as a barrier against disease,poiso

7、ns and the suns harmful rays,is an essential part of your body.So if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.2.Depending(depend) on which layers of the skin are burned,burns are called first,second or third degree burns.First degree burns have 3.an effect only on the top layer of the skin,makin

8、g one feels 4.mildly(mild) painful.Second degree burns include severe sunburn and burns 5.caused(cause) by hot liquids.Third degree burns are often caused by 6.electric(electricity) shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.These affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs unde

9、r the skin.First aid is a very important first step in the 7.treatment(treat) of burns.For first degree burns,place cool,clean,wet cloths on them 8.until the pain is not so bad.For second degree burns,keep cloths cool 9.by putting them back in a basin of cold water,squeezing them out and placing the

10、m on the burned area over and over again for about an hour until the pain is not so bad.If the injuries are second or third degree burns,it is vital 10.to get(get) the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. 重点短语重点句型重点单词aidvt.& n.帮助;援助;资助First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone w

11、ho suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人所给予的临时性救助。(教材原句P33)常见用法1.aid sb.to do sth.帮助某人做某事aid sb.in/with.在某方面帮助某人2.give/offer/carry out first aid 进行急救come to ones aid帮助某人with the aid of sb.=with ones aid在某人的帮助下without the aid of.没有的帮助in aid of 为了帮助 重点短语

12、重点句型重点单词The local community aided us in our investigation.当地社区协助我们调查。He should be able to read this without the aid of a dictionary.他应当能够不用字典就读懂这个。 现学活用完成句子1.你的指导帮她取得了成功。Your guidance aided her to succeed .2.为帮助饥饿的孩子们,我正在搞募捐。Im collecting money in aid of starving children.3.得知我陷入困境后,他立即赶来帮助我。Having

13、learned that I was in trouble,he came to my aid without delay. 重点短语重点句型重点单词injuryn.伤害;损害Often the illness or injury is not serious,but there are other times when giving first aid quickly can save lives.疾病或者受伤常常不会很严重,但有时候快速进行急救可能会挽救生命。(教材原句P33)常见用法escape/avoid injury 未受到伤害do sb.an injury 伤害某人Dont do

14、that.Youll do yourself an injury.别那样做,你会把自己弄伤的。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸injured adj.受伤的;受损害的the injured 伤者He walked away suffering from nothing more than injured pride.他走开了,遭受自尊心受伤的痛苦。词义辨析1.hurt是普通用语,既可指肉体上的伤害,也可指精神上、感情上的伤害。He felt hurt at your words.你的话让他很伤心。2.injure比hurt正式,多指损害健康、成就、容貌等,强调功能的损失。A bullet i

15、njured his right eye.一颗子弹伤了他的右眼。3.harm指肉体上、精神上的伤害,也可指引起不安或不便。Dont harm your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的灯光下看书,以免损害眼睛。重点短语重点句型重点单词4.damage主要指对于物的损害,强调对于价值、用途、外观等所造成的损失,这种损失或由自然灾害所致,或由人为造成。Someone damaged my car with a stone.有人用石头砸坏了我的汽车。5.wound指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤,是出血的、严重的伤,特指在战场上受的伤。它可以指肉体上的伤害,也可喻指

16、精神上的创伤。The bullet wounded his arm.子弹打伤了他的一只胳膊。现学活用单句填空1.All the passengers in the vehicle escaped injury(injure).2.The bus driver was badly injured(injure) on both legs in the traffic accident.3.The injured were rushed to hospital in an ambulance.4.A remote-controlled bomb exploded outside a hotel n

17、ear the town square yesterday,injuring(injure) at least 12 people. 重点短语重点句型重点单词squeezevt.& vi.挤压,压榨;挤,挤入常见用法squeeze sth.out把某物挤出来squeeze sth.out of/from.把某物从挤出squeeze into/through.挤进squeeze up (使)挤紧She squeezed some juice from a lemon.她从一只柠檬中挤出了一些汁。Could you squeeze up and let me sit down?挤一挤让我坐

18、下好吗? 重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用完成句子1.我们俩人如果挤紧点,他就有地方了。If we two squeeze up,therell be room for him.2.你是如何挤出更多时间来做你想做的事情的?How can you squeeze out more time to do what you want?3.那条狗挤过了小小的墙洞。The dog squeezed through/into the small hole in the wall. 重点短语重点句型重点单词vitaladj.至关重要的;生死攸关的If the injuries are second or t

19、hird degree burns,it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤,至关重要的是立即把伤者送去看医生或送往医院。(教材原句P35)常见用法be vital to.对至关重要be of vital importance 是至关重要的It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要It is vital that.是十分重要的This matter is of vital importance to us.这件事对我们来说至关重要。 It is vital that we

20、 move quickly.我们必须快速离开。 重点短语重点句型重点单词特别提醒在It is vital that.句型中,that后接的句子使用虚拟语气,即谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。现学活用单句填空1.Law and order is vital to a country.2.It is vital to keep(keep) calm when dealing with emergency.3.It is absolutely vital that the matter be kept(keep) secret. 重点短语重点句型重点单词treatvt.&

21、amp; vi.治疗;对待;款待 n.款待;请客John used these to treat the most severe injuries to Ms Slades hands.约翰用这些东西包扎了斯莱德女士手上最严重的伤口。(教材原句P38)常见用法1.treat sb./sth.对进行治疗treat.as/like 把当作,把视为treat sb.with 对某人treat sb.to sth.用某物招待某人,以某物款待某人2.be ones treat 由某人请客She was treated for sunstroke.她因中暑而接受治疗。 She treats me like

22、 one of the family.她把我当作家人来看待。 Lets go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱们出去吃饭吧这次我请客。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸treatment n.治疗;对待give sb.emergency treatment 对某人进行紧急治疗get/receive treatment接受治疗现学活用单句填空1.The way the guests were treated(treat) in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.2.Treat yourse

23、lf (you) to a glass of wine to help you relax at the end of the day.3.He treats everything I say as/like some kind of joke.4.Workers have got the free medical treatment(treat). 重点短语重点句型重点单词applyvt.涂,擦;应用,运用 vi.使用;申请,请求;有效He slowed the bleeding by applying pressure to the wounds until the police and

24、ambulance arrived.他使劲地按住伤口,使血流得慢些,一直等到警察和救护车的到来。(教材原句P38)常见用法apply to do sth.申请做某事apply to.适用于,向申请apply.to.将应用于apply (to sb).for sth.向(某人)申请apply oneself to (doing) sth.致力(做)某事The nurse applied the ointment to the wound.护士把药膏敷到伤口上。This rule cannot be applied to every case.这条规则不是所有情况都适用。 He applied h

25、imself to learning French.他致力于学习法语。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸applicant n.申请者application n.申请;申请表;适用applied adj.实用的,应用的现学活用单句填空1.They can better apply theory to practice in this way.2.The position,however,for which you are applying,is not quite a well-paid one.3.Many applicants(apply)have applied to the compa

26、ny for the only position available.4.Applied(apply) Chemistry is a branch of Chemistry. 重点短语重点句型重点单词fall ill 生病First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.急救就是在找到医生之前对突然生病或受伤的人所给予的临时性救助。(教材原句P33)She may fall ill,in which

27、case she will have to be taken to the hospital at once.她可能病了。如果是这样,就得马上送她去医院。 She had to stay home because her son fell ill.因为儿子生病了,所以她必须待在家里。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸fall asleep 入睡fall apart 土崩瓦解fall behind 落后fall off 跌落,下降fall over被绊倒,跌倒fall in love with.爱上fall into the habit of.养成的习惯重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用用fall

28、构成的短语的适当形式填空1.If you dont try your best to learn all subjects,you will fall behind.2.He couldnt fall asleep last night,because he was thinking how to finish his work early.3.The deal fell apart when we failed to agree on the price.4.I rushed for the door and fell over the cat in the hallway.5.Be car

29、eful not to fall off the ladder. 重点短语重点句型重点单词in place 适当;在适当的位置Hold the bandage in place with tape.用胶布把绷带固定。(教材原句P35)She likes to have everything in place.她喜欢把所有东西都摆放整齐。 Ensure the guard is in place before operating the machine.确保防护罩放好后再开机器。 拓展延伸out of place位置不当;不得体,不相称in ones place=in place of代替in

30、the first place 最初;首先;第一take place 发生take ones place 就座;替代take the place of=take ones place代替,替代 重点短语重点句型重点单词现学活用用place的相关短语完成句子1.我们可用塑料来代替木材或金属。We can use plastics in place of wood or metal.2.在离开办公室之前,应把所有物品摆放好。Before you leave the office,everything should be put in place.3.他那番坦白话实在不适合在宴会上说。His fra

31、nk statements were really out of place at the party.4.我们没有谁能代替约翰工作。We had no one to take the place of John. 重点短语重点句型重点单词make a difference 有区别;有关系;有影响;起(重要)作用It shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这表明懂得急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(教材原句P38)常见用法make a difference to.对起作用/有影响make some/no/mu

32、ch difference 有关系/没有关系/有很大关系The sea air has made a difference to her health.海上的空气改善了她的健康状况。 Your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这份工作应该与你的年龄无关。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸tell the difference (between.and.)辨别(与的)不同be of no/little/much/great difference没有/几乎没有/有很大/有巨大作用现学活用

33、单句填空1.It makes no difference to me whether you like it or not,because I never listen to you.2.What difference will it make if he knows or not?3.Can you tell the difference between the two words? 重点短语重点句型重点单词There is no doubt that.毫无疑问There is no doubt that Johns quick thinking and the first aid skil

34、ls he learned at school saved Ms Slades life.毫无疑问,是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校学到的急救技能挽救了斯莱德女士的生命。(教材原句P38)There is no doubt that Mary is qualified for the job.毫无疑问,玛丽适合做这项工作。There is some doubt whether he will be elected.他是否能当选还不太确定。 重点短语重点句型重点单词拓展延伸There is no doubt/denying that.毫无疑问There is some doubt whether.不太确

35、定是否There is no doubt about sth.关于某事毫无疑问sb.has no doubt that/about.某人不怀疑sb.has some doubt whether/if.某人怀疑是否特别提醒doubt前有否定词时,后面的从句用that引导,否则用whether引导。现学活用单句填空1.There is no doubt that your success has resulted from your hard work.2.There is no doubt about his role in the robbery.3.There is some doubt w

36、hether he is suitable for the job. 重点短语重点句型重点单词if possibleIf burns are on arms or legs,keep them higher than the heart,if possible.如果烧伤的部位在臂部或腿部,要尽可能把手臂或腿抬到高于心脏的位置。(教材原句P35)if possible“如果可能的话”,是if引导的条件状语从句的省略形式,相当于if it is possible。拓展延伸if so如果是这样if not如果不是的话,如果没有的话if any 如果有的话if ever 如果曾经有的话,如果发生过的话

37、if necessary如果有必要的话 重点短语重点句型重点单词Will you be free this evening?If so,lets go to the concert together.你今晚有空吗?如果有,我们一起去听音乐会吧。If necessary,I will go there myself.如果有必要的话,我将亲自去那儿一趟。现学活用用if的省略结构填空1.Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?Yes,if possible,Im going to visit some homes for th

38、e old in the city.2.I hear Alice was badly injured in the accident and sent to hospital.If so,we should go and see her immediately.3.Is anybody feeling cold?If not,lets open the windows.4.He seldom,if ever,reads a book.5.Correct the errors in the following sentences,if any. 一、单句填空1.(2015新课标全国卷改编)Ove

39、r the years,Parisian cafes (fall) victim to changes in the French lifestylelonger working hours,a fast-food boom and a younger generations desire to spend more time at home.1.have fallen。由over the years可知,应用现在完成时。句意:近年来,巴黎的咖啡馆成了法国生活方式变化的牺牲品工作时间变长,快餐业兴盛,年轻人更喜欢待在家中。2.(2015北京高考改编)Many studies show that

40、 older parentstodays grandparentswould have called their children more often if the means and cost of doing so had not been barrier.2.a。barrier作“障碍,障碍物”讲为可数名词,此处应用不定冠词表泛指。句意:许多研究表明,如果交流手段和成本不是交流的障碍的话,上一代家长,即现在的祖父母们给子女打电话的频率会更高。3.(2015北京高考改编)Electronic wastes also contain many (poison) metals.3.poiso

41、nous。所填词作定语修饰metals,应用形容词poisonous“有毒的”。句意:电子垃圾还包括很多有毒的金属。4.(2015湖南高考改编)While finding information is easier than ever,at the same time,researching has become complex.4.more。从句中用了比较级词easier,主句也应用比较级形式与之匹配。句意:尽管查询信息比以往更容易了,但与此同时科研却变得更复杂了。5.(2015江苏高考改编)In many countries the concept of extended producer

42、 responsibility is being considered or has been put place as an incentive(鼓励)for reducing waste.5.in。句意:在很多国家,生产者责任延伸制的理念正在被人们考虑或者已经准备将其转化为实践,以鼓励人们减少垃圾。put.in place“把放在适当的位置;将准备就绪”。 6.The(damage) ship managed with difficulty to get back to port.6.damaged。此处应用过去分词形式的形容词作定语,修饰名词ship,意为“受损的”。7.(2015江苏高考改编)The number of smokers,as is reported,(drop) by 17 percent in just one year.7.has dropped。in just one year为时间段,再结合定语从句的时态可知,应用现在完成时态表示结果;the number of短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,故填has dropped。句意:据报道,吸烟者人数仅一年之内就减少了17%。8