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1、1. hear from . 意为意为“收到收到的信的信”，相当于相当于receive a letter from . 。如：。如：Have you heard from your brother? 你收到你哥哥的信了吗？你收到你哥哥的信了吗？I hear from my mother every week. 每星期我都收到妈妈的信。每星期我都收到妈妈的信。I heard from my sister in New York yesterday.我昨天收到了在纽约的姐姐的来信。我昨天收到了在纽约的姐姐的来信。比较比较 hear from和和receive都可表示都可表示“收收到某人的信到某人的

2、信”。其区别如下：。其区别如下：hear from不是指具体接到信件，而是指不是指具体接到信件，而是指得到音信、信息；得到音信、信息；receive往往指收到具往往指收到具体的信件。如：体的信件。如： I havent heard from him for a long time. 我好久没得到他的音信了。我好久没得到他的音信了。I havent received any letters from him for several months. 我已经好几个月没有收到他的信了。我已经好几个月没有收到他的信了。拓展拓展 hear sb. / sth. out 听完听完hear about sth

3、. 听到关于某事物的消息听到关于某事物的消息hear of sb. / sth. 听说或知道某人听说或知道某人/物的物的情况情况2. I know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so Ive included some photos which will help you picture the places I talk about. 我知道你极想听到我在这儿的生活我知道你极想听到我在这儿的生活,我我这儿有一些照片这儿有一些照片,它们会帮你构思出我它们会帮你构思出我要谈到的这个地方。要谈到的这个地方。1) be dying for/

4、to do sth. 渴望渴望, 极想极想, 渴望做某事渴望做某事 Im dying for a piece of cake. I am dying to know where you are from.2) 辨析辨析: hear 与与 listen to hear 强调听的结果强调听的结果 listen to 强调听的动作强调听的动作 在某些感官动词如在某些感官动词如: see, hear, feel, watch, observe, notice, listen to等后等后,既可接现在分词作宾语既可接现在分词作宾语,也可接不带也可接不带to的不定式作宾补。的不定式作宾补。 Did you

5、 hear someone laughing outside? I heard someone read loudly in the morning. He was heard to sing in the next room.与与hear 相关的短语相关的短语:hear about 听到关于听到关于.的消息的消息hear from 收到收到的来信的来信hear of 听说听说, 听到听到hear sb. out 听到某人把话说完听到某人把话说完hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事听见某人做了某事hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事听见某人正在做某事The

6、missing boys were last seen _ near the river.A. playing B. to be playingC. play D. to playA3. Well, its a bush schoolthe classroom are made from bamboo and the roofs from grass. 是的是的, 这是一所灌木丛学校这是一所灌木丛学校-教室是教室是由竹子建成的由竹子建成的, 房顶是用草盖的。房顶是用草盖的。make的用法：的用法：1) be made from 由由.制成制成 (看不出原看不出原材料材料) The paper

7、is made from wood.2) be made of 由由.制成制成(看出原材料看出原材料) The house is made of stone.Remember them!3) be made into 某种原材料制制成某种成品某种原材料制制成某种成品 Glasses is made into bottles.4) be made in 在某地制造在某地制造, in后面接后面接表示地点的名词表示地点的名词 This TV set is made in Shanghai.5) be made by 由谁制造由谁制造 The machine is made by workers in

8、 the factory.6) be made up of 由由.组成组成 The class is made of 30 boys and 30 girls.4. When I reach the school grounds there are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys. Many of them have walked a long way, sometimes up to two hours, to get to the school. 翻译翻译 当我走到学校操场的时候，迎接我当我走到学校操场的时候，迎接我的是男孩子们一片

9、的是男孩子们一片“早上好早上好”的声音。的声音。他们中的许多人走了很长的路，有时候他们中的许多人走了很长的路，有时候要走两个小时才能到学校。要走两个小时才能到学校。点拨点拨 该句的主句为该句的主句为There are lots of “good mornings” for me from the boys。when引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句; many of whom引导的定语从句修饰引导的定语从句修饰the boys；sometimes up to two hours补充说明走路补充说明走路到学校需要的时间。到学校需要的时间。4. Im still trying to adapt to

10、 these conditions. However, one thing is for sure, Ive become more imaginative in my teaching. 我现在仍然努力去适应这些状况我现在仍然努力去适应这些状况,但但是有一件事是确定的是有一件事是确定的, 我的教学方面我的教学方面已变得更富有想象力了。已变得更富有想象力了。1) try to do sth. 尽力去做某事尽力去做某事 try doing sth. 试着做某事试着做某事英语中有些动词后加动名词和不定式英语中有些动词后加动名词和不定式作宾语时作宾语时, 意义区别较大。意义区别较大。 forget

11、to do sth. 忘记去做某事忘记去做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事忘记做过某事remember to do sth. 记得去做某事记得去做某事remember doing sth. 记得做过某事记得做过某事mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事mean doing sth. 意味着要做某事意味着要做某事stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事停下来去做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事停止做某事go on to do sth. 继续做另一件事继续做另一件事go on doing sth. 继续做同一件事继续做同一件事can help

12、 to do sth. 不能帮着做某事不能帮着做某事cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事禁不住做某事2) imaginative adj. 富有想象力的富有想象力的,爱想象的爱想象的 an imaginative child/writer有想象有想象力的孩子力的孩子/富有想象力的作家富有想象力的作家 imaginary adj. 想象中的想象中的,假想的假想的 imaginable adj. 可想象的可想象的imagine v. 设想设想imagination n. 想象力想象力image n. 雕像雕像,肖像肖像5. The boys who had never come

13、across anything like this before started jumping out of the windows. come across 偶然遇见偶然遇见/发现发现 与与come相关的短语：相关的短语： come along 快点快点,来吧来吧 come back回来回来, 折回折回come from 来自来自, 从从来来come off 从从离开离开, 脱落脱落come out 出来出来, 出版出版come up 走过来走过来, 走近走近come over 过来过来come to 来到来到, 结果是结果是Dont forget!6. But last weekend

14、another teacher, Jenny, and I did visit a village which is the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 但是上周末但是上周末, 另一位老师另一位老师Jenny和我拜和我拜访了一个村子访了一个村子, 这个村子是其中一个这个村子是其中一个男孩男孩Tombe的家。的家。 did 强调肯定语气强调肯定语气, do (does, did)用于强用于强调谓语动词的语气时调谓语动词的语气时, 要符合以下条件要符合以下条件: (1) 句子是肯定句句子是肯定句; (2)谓语动词为一般现在时或一般过去时谓语动词为一般现在时或一般

15、过去时; (3)谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的谓语动词是单独的行为动词或单独的连系动词连系动词(be除外除外)。 The little girl does want to see her mother. 这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。这个女孩非常想见她的母亲。 I do like to eat apples. 我的确喜欢吃苹果。我的确喜欢吃苹果。 Do stay a while. 请待会儿。请待会儿。7. We walked for two and a half hours to get there first up a mountain to a ridge from where we had

16、 fantastic views and then down a steep path to the valley below. 翻译翻译 我们步行了两个半小时才到达那我们步行了两个半小时才到达那里里先是爬山先是爬山, 爬到山脊能看到奇妙爬到山脊能看到奇妙的景色的景色, 然后走下一个陡坡然后走下一个陡坡, 一直走到下一直走到下边的山谷。边的山谷。点拨点拨 该句的主干为该句的主干为We walked。破折。破折号后的部分起进一步解释说明的作用号后的部分起进一步解释说明的作用, 说明我们是如何到达那里的。说明我们是如何到达那里的。from where引导的定语从句修饰引导的定语从句修饰a ridg

17、e, 关系关系副词副词where前一般不加介词前一般不加介词, 但但from where却是个例外。如：却是个例外。如： There are many websites, from where you can find almost all the necessary information. 有许多网址有许多网址, 从那里你能够找到几乎所从那里你能够找到几乎所有必要信息。有必要信息。8. Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tombes. 每个人都好像是每个人都好像是Tombe的亲戚。的亲戚。 seem 似乎似乎, 看来看来1) 跟不定式跟不定式 I se

18、emed to hear a voice in the distance. He seemed to be in a great hurry.2) 跟形容词或分词跟形容词或分词 He seems quite happy. Titanic seems _ an interesting film. A . is B. are C. be D. to be D3) 后接后接(to sb.) that从句从句, 但主语是但主语是it。 It seems to me that there is something strange about the case.在我看来这件案子有点奇怪。在我看来这件案子有

19、点奇怪。 It seems that you are lying. 看来你在撒谎吧。看来你在撒谎吧。9. Tombers father, Mukap, led us to his house, a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the roof- this shows its a mans house. Tomber的父亲的父亲Mukap领着我们到了他领着我们到了他的房子的房子, 一间低矮的房顶外长满草的小一间低矮的房顶外长满草的小竹屋竹屋,这表明它是一个男人的房子。这表明它是一个男人的房子。with的复合结构的复合结构(with+ 宾语宾

20、语+ 宾补宾补)1) with + n. + doing ( doing表示表示 with 后后名词发生的动作名词发生的动作, 此名词为动作的执此名词为动作的执行者行者) He lay there with his eyes looking at the sky. 考点考点 with grass sticking out是是“with + n. +动词动词-ing形式短语形式短语”构成构成的的with复合结构。复合结构。2) with + n. + done (done 和和with后面的后面的宾语构成动宾关系宾语构成动宾关系, 此宾语是动作的承此宾语是动作的承受者。受者。 The thief

21、 was brought in with his hands tied back.3) with + n. + to do 动词不定式表示目动词不定式表示目的的, 或将发生或将发生,未发生的事。未发生的事。 With all these mouth to feed, he didnt know what to do. With five minutes to go before the last train left, we arrived at the station.4) with + n. + prep. phrase The teacher came in with some text

22、books under her arm.5) with + n. + adj When he is eating, he doesnt speak with his mouth full of food.考例考例 Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. Sorry. With so much work _ my mind, I almost break down. (福建福建2007)A. filledB. fillingC. to fillD. being filled 点拨点拨 so much work与与 fill之间构

23、成逻辑之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系上的主谓关系, 要用动词要用动词-ing形式或不定式。形式或不定式。动词动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行，动词不形式表示动作正在进行，动词不定式表示动作尚未发生定式表示动作尚未发生, 根据句子提供的根据句子提供的情景情景, 可知此动作正在进行。可知此动作正在进行。Bstick out 突出突出, 伸出伸出stick out for sth. 坚持要求某事物坚持要求某事物stick to sth. 不放弃不放弃/改变某事物改变某事物stick at sth. 坚持不懈坚持不懈stick with sb. 继续支持某人继续支持某人stick up 向上突起向上突起,

24、坚起坚起10. There were no windows and the doorway was just big enough to get through. 考点考点 get through意为意为“通过通过, 穿过穿过”。 考例考例 There were a lot of people standing at the door and the small girl couldnt get _. (2006全国卷全国卷II) A. between B. through C. across D. beyond点拨点拨 get through通过通过, 穿过穿过; get across使使被

25、理解。被理解。 11. adjust vt. & vi. 调整调整; 调节调节; 适应适应; 整整理理; 调准。如：调准。如：The body can quickly adjust itself to the changes of temperature. 身体能迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。身体能迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。She carefully adjusted her clothes and her hair before going out. 她出门之前仔细地整了整自己的衣服和她出门之前仔细地整了整自己的衣服和头发。头发。Before you take photos, p

26、lease adjust the focus of your camera.在照相之前请调准照相机的焦距。在照相之前请调准照相机的焦距。联想联想 adjustable adj. 可调节的可调节的; 可调整的可调整的These seat belts are adjustable. 这些安全带是可以调节的。这些安全带是可以调节的。12. Fresh grass had been laid on the floor and there was a newly made platform for Jenny and me to sleep on. 新鲜的草被铺在地面上新鲜的草被铺在地面上, 而且那儿有

27、一而且那儿有一个新搭的平台以便珍妮和我睡在上面。个新搭的平台以便珍妮和我睡在上面。lay vt. (lay, laid, laid)1) 将某物将某物/人置于某位置或某物表面人置于某位置或某物表面 lay the bottle on the desk2) 产卵产卵 The bird lays eggs in the other birds nets. laylaidlaidlaying 放置放置;产蛋产蛋,下蛋下蛋lieliedliedlying 说谎说谎lielaylainlying 躺躺;位于位于与与lay相关的短语：相关的短语：lay eggs 产卵产卵lay sth. aside 把把

28、.放在一边放在一边lay sth. down 放下放下;停止使用停止使用lay sb. off 解雇某人解雇某人lay the table 摆放桌子摆放桌子If only he _ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now. A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lieC13. Once the fire was going, he laid stones on it. 考点考点 once意为意为“一旦一旦”, 引导条件状引导条件状语从句。语从句。考例考例 You wi

29、ll be successful in the interview _ you have confidence. (福建福建2007)A. before B. once C. until D. though点拨点拨 句意为句意为“一旦你有了信心一旦你有了信心, 你在你在面试中就会成功的。面试中就会成功的。”even though/even if 尽管尽管,即使即使 引导让步状语从句引导让步状语从句,后常用虚拟式动后常用虚拟式动词表示与事实相反的动作或行为。当词表示与事实相反的动作或行为。当让步状语从句的动词用虚拟表示与事让步状语从句的动词用虚拟表示与事实相反的假设时实相反的假设时,通常用通常用

30、even though/ even if, 而不用而不用though, although或或as。14. I love listening to the family softly talking to each other in their language, even though . You are not stupid. Even though/ Even if you were slow in study, you shouldnt give up your studies. 你并不愚笨你并不愚笨, 即使你学得慢一点即使你学得慢一点, 也也 不应该放弃学习。不应该放弃学习。15. o

31、therwise 作连词作连词, 意为意为“否则否则; 不然不然”, 相当于相当于 or或或 if not。如：如：Well go early, otherwise we may not get a seat. 我们得早点去我们得早点去, 要不然就没有座位了。要不然就没有座位了。I was ill that day, otherwise I would have taken part in the sports meet. 那天我病了那天我病了, 否则我会去参加运动会的。否则我会去参加运动会的。otherwise 作副词作副词, 意为意为“用别的方法用别的方法; 不不同地同地; 在其他方面在其

32、他方面; 除此之外除此之外”, 相当于相当于in another way或或apart from .。如：如：He is rich, but otherwise an unhappy man. 他有钱他有钱, 但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。但在其他方面是个不幸福的人。He is naughty, but otherwise a nice boy. 他很调皮他很调皮, 但除此之外他是个不错的男孩但除此之外他是个不错的男孩子。子。They should have been working, but they were otherwise engaged. 他们本应该在工作他们本应该在工作, 但他们正

33、忙别的事。但他们正忙别的事。拓展拓展 and otherwise 等等；及其他等等；及其他or otherwise 或相反；或其他情况或相反；或其他情况In the kindergarten, the children learn singing, dancing，drawing and otherwise. 孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画孩子们在幼儿园里学唱歌、跳舞、画画等等。等等。Fine or otherwise, we shall have to go.不管天气好不好不管天气好不好, 我们非去不可。我们非去不可。16. It was such a privilege to have spent a day with Tombes family. enjoy privileges 享受特权享受特权 have the privilege of 有有的特权的特权 as a special privilege 作为特权许可作为特权许可 by special privilege 根据特权根据特权17. Its getting late and I have to prepare tomorrows lessons prepare sth. 准备某事准备某事 prepare for sth. 为为做准备做准备 pr