外研版高中英语必修4短语

1、外延版必修四短语Module 1.1. have no alternative but (=have no choice but)除外别无选择;只要2. alternative energy可代替能源3.an alternative plan替代方案4. loadwith sth.给装某物load the truck with coal给汽车装上煤5. be on fire着火(强调状态)6. catch fire失火(强调动作,无被动语态)7. set fire to sth放火烧某物8. command sb to do sth命令某人做某事9. comma nd that(that从句中

2、要用should+动词原形, should可省略)10. free of charge免费,不花钱11.in charge of负责，管理12. in the charge of由负责13. take charge of负责管理,负责照顾14. be charged with充满15.attach sth to sth把某物固定/附在某物上16. attach oneself to参加;和在一起,缠着17. be attached to 连在上;附属于；系在上30. place an order订购18. attach importance/value to sth.认为某事很重 要/有价值1

3、9. for sure肯定地,有把握地21. be sure + that-clause确信,相信22. make sure of /about sth确保 23. make sure + that-clause确保24. sb. run out of sth某人用完了某东西25. sth. run out某物用完了（没有了）26. rely on/upon依靠,信赖;取决于27. rely on it that指望.对,不怀疑28. get rid of =rid of摆脱,丢掉;除去，赶走，消灭29. with +复合宾语结构,常用的结构形式有:1with+宾语+现在分词（强调宾语是现在分

4、词动 作的发出者或某状态、动作正在进行）2with+宾语+过去分词（强调宾语是过去分词动 作的承受者或动作已经发生）3with+宾语+形容词（强调宾语的特性和状态）4with+宾语+副词5with+宾语+不定式（不定式动作尚未发生）6with+宾语+介词短语20. sb. is sure to do sth某人31. carry out an operation做手术32. be optimistic about对.乐观的33. be optimistic that对乐观34. in shape处于良好状态,在形状上35. in the shape of以形状；呈.形36. out of sh

5、ape变形,走样37. look out of向外看38. look out！ 小心，当心Watch out! ;Be careful!Take care!39. for a start首先40. to start with = to begin with首先,第一41. from the start = from the beginning从开头,从开始42. on the way out即将被淘汰;即将过时43. on the way n./pron./to doing即将,来到,接近44. cant 或bn evertoo不可能太”，再怎么也不过分”45. Not all=AIIno并非

6、所有的Module 21. be on display展览be on show be onexhibition2. permit sb to do sth3. permit doing sth4. provide sb with sth provide sth for sb5. sth impress sb某物给某人留下影响sb be impressed byimpress sth on sb = impress sb with sth使某人铭记7. have/leave/make/ aimpression on sb给某人留下的印象8. be convenient to sb对某人方便9.I

7、t is convenient for sb对某人方便10. It is convenient to do sth做某事方便11. be convenient for sth对某事方便14. be stuck in困住,动不了15. get dressed穿衣get washed洗脸允许某人做某事允许做某事为某人提供某物6. sth is impressed on ones!某事被印在脑海里12. get around=get about到处旅游;四处走动13. be connected to/with与.相.连,接通get lost迷路get married结婚get charged充电ge

8、t separated被分散16. in no time马上,一会儿17. on time按时in time及时18. once upon a time从前19. at the same time与此同时at one time曾经,一度,从前有个时期at no time决不,在任何时候都不20. be worth doing值得做.be worth + n. = be worthy of + nsth. is worth doing = sth is worthy of being done= sth is worthy to be done21.“祈使句+ and +简单句 ”可以改为if条

9、件句Think hard, and youII have arj使d劲想，你就会有主意。22.“祈使句+ or +简单句 ”也可以改为if条件句Listen to me, or you won t understand.23. under construction正在建设之中24. be Iimited to局限于 .25. in rush hours处于交通高峰期26. react to对产生反应react with sth.与某物起（化学）反应27. occur to sb（主意或想法突然）浮现与脑中被想起,被想到28. It occurs to sb to do sth某人想到It oc

10、curs to sb that请别人做某事保持冷静保持安静不动保持沉默肯定不,没门儿 用于句首时，句子要倒装）Module 31. vary in在方面不同2. vary fromto从到变化3. vary with随着而变化,因而不同4.involve sb in允许某人参与5.involve oneself in积极参与6. be/get involve d in被卷入到 之中29. have sth done30. keep coolkeep quietkeep still keepsilent31. no way7. more than不仅仅more than 100 = over 1

11、00 ,超过100more than surprised十分/非常 吃惊morethan与其说不如说强调前者）He was more an artist than a writer.8.on guard9.on holidayon leave onduty10. hold up（保持）警惕;值班,站岗 度假 休班 值班举起,抬起,承受住,支撑11. hold back阻挡hold on等会儿,坚持限制维持 泄露,出卖,暴露,让步,赠送,捐赠 发出（烟、光、热、气味等）发出;放出（消息、声音等）;用完,耗尽 能看透别人心思的人16. make a deal达成协议,做成交易17. communi

12、cate with sb和某人交流18. be busy with sth忙于某事19. shake hands with sb和某人握手20. stare at sb/sth注视着某人/某物21. stare into the distance凝视着远方hold downhold out5.give awaygive off giveout mindreader22. request sb to do sth要求某人做某事23. request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事24. make a request for要求 25. at the r

13、equest of sb应某人的请求= at sbs request26. by request(of)按要求27. do sb a favour帮某人一个忙28. ask sb a favour请某人帮个忙29. in favour of赞成30. do sb a favor = do a favor for sb帮某人的忙31. lift up举起;太高;吊起32.up and down上上下下2up and dow n前前后后= back and forth= backwards and forwards3up and down处处= here and there4up and down

14、来来往往= to and from33. by accident偶然地,无意地bringin赚（钱）;带进;传入Module 41. experiment with sth.用某物实验2. experiment on sth.对某物进行实验3. carry outperformcon ductan experime nt做实验domake6. take the place of = replace取代，代替7. in place of取代，代替（介词短语）8. in stead of代替,而不是（介词短语）9. a quantity of +不可数名词，谓语动词用单数10. quantitie

15、s of+可数名词复数,谓语动词用复数quantities of+不可数名词，谓语动词用复数11. bring up12. bring downbring aboutbring back抚育;教养，呕吐,提出（话题等）降低导致，引起归还;恢复;回想4. make a breakthrough5. con vert A in to/to B取得重大突破（进展）把A转换成B13. search for寻找14. search sb/sp搜查某人或某地15. in search of寻求/寻找16. as a result of由于的结果as a result因此，结果17. owi ng toth

16、a nks to由于due tobecause of18.the key to .的关键the an swer to the questi on问题的答案no tes to the text课文注释an end to the meet ing会议的结束口the entrance to the building大厦的入1119.export sth to出口某物到20. the sec ond most importa nt第二重要的21. be in terested in对感兴趣22.graduate from从地方）毕业23. escape from (out of)+sp.从某地逃脱；逃

17、走escape from reality逃避现实24. have a narrow escape九死一生25.门a fire escape1紧急出口;安全26. clear up（天气）放晴;整理;收拾27. be known for因而出名/闻名be known an以而知名，着称be known to为所知28.earn onesliving谋生make a livingget/gain a living谋生比较：live/lead a life过着 .的.生活29. come to power掌权;执政30. take power取得政权in power当权，执政out of ones

18、power不能胜任，力所不及=beyond ones power31.It is possible that.可能32. Its certain that.一定 .=sb/sth is certain to doIts certain that youll succeed. = ?33.Its likely thate 可能 .=sb/sth is likely to doIt slikely that he is doinghis homework. =？34. It seems that好像-=sb/sth seems to doIt seems that he knows thesecr

19、et. =?35.at war中36.be diagnosed with37.become the voice of人38.partly because ofModule 51. surround sb with sbbe surrounded by sbin the surroundingnarrow escape 3.in thedistancefrom a distance处at a distance在一定距离处,隔一段距在交战围境2.a被诊断出,患有 成为的代言一部分因为用某人包围某人被某人所包在周围环九死一生 在远处,在远方 从一定距离,从远淡;离4. at the edge of在

20、on the edge of较5. at least = at the least6. not in the least = not all7. at most = at the most8. be heavy with9. make a detour10. have four weeks off11. go through12. forbid sb to do sth13. forbid doing sth14. require to do sth15. require sb to do sth事与某人保持距的边缘（侧重于在边缘点上）在边缘上（侧重在边缘广阔的地域） 至少一点也不 至多 有大

21、量的 绕道而行 休四周假 穿过;经历 禁止某人做某事 禁止做某事 要求去做某事 要求某人去做某16. require that sb (should) do sth要求某人做某事keep sb at a distance对某人冷17. sth require doing= sth require to be done某物需要被做18. on a spot在现场,当场19. rip off敲竹杠;敲诈20.rip sth off偷窃,盗取21.get a kick out of从 中得到乐趣22.enjoy doing喜欢干.23. be fond of喜欢.24. go in for爱好,从事

22、Module 61. attack sb with sth2. be attacked with adisease3. make an attack on/upon4. a heart attack5. come into existence6. a struggle for existence7. calm down8. sb. is unlikely to 9.Itis unlikely thatbe likely to.10. be related to用某物攻击某人患/害病对发动攻击心脏病突发 开始存在;形成;成立 生存竞争（使）安静下来 某人不可能 不可能可能与有关，与有联系11.

23、relate sth to sth12. There happens to be13. There appears to be14. There seems to be把与联系起来 碰巧有 似乎有好像有15. have the fortune (luck) to do sth16. make a fortune17. try ones fortune18. die out失灭19. throw light on20. come to light来幸好（幸运）做某事发财碰碰运气（家族、物种）灭绝;灭亡;（习俗等）渐渐消（火）逐渐熄帮助弄清楚;阐明某事 暴露,被发现,表现出21. bring to

24、 light22. come straight to the point23. beside/off the point24. to the point25. be on the point of26. go for适用于,应用于;喜欢,偏爱让人知道,公布于世 谈正题;开门见山 不切正题,无关紧要 切题,中肯正要27. adapt oneself to28. according to据29. be connected with系30. in order to = so as to了本模块重点语法一.情态动词+ have + p.p.用法归纳1. must have done sth.肯定做了某

25、事（表示对过去的某事做出肯定的判 断）He knew the film. He must have seen it.2.may/might have done可能/大概已经做了某事（表示对过去情况的可能性推 测）Tom may have bought a new pen because I don see theold one.3.cant/ couldnt have done s不可能已经做 了某事（表示对过去情况的否定性 推测）The ground is dry, so it canhtave rained last night.4.should have done sth.过去应该做某事

26、 （而 没做）使自己适应于根与.有关为= ought to have done sthYou are late. You should have come 1 minute earlier.5. shouldnt have done sth.过去不该做某事 （却做了）= oughtnt to have donthe.sShe is crying. You shouldnt have told her the snews.6. could have done sth.本来能够做（却没有 做某事）7. neednt have done sth原来不必做某事（却已经 做了）Tom has bough

27、t a new pen. You neednt have lehim your pen.8. would rather have done sth.本来想做某事（却未做成)I would rather have come to help you with your English,but I was too busy at that time.二、情态动词表推测的其他用法1、情态动词 的推测2、情态动词+动词原形 表示对现在或将来情况+ be doing表示对现在或将来正在 进行 的情况进行推测3、情态动词+ have been doing表示对过去正在 发生 的事情的推测必修5短语Modul

28、e 1.1.It is obvious (to sb.) that从句2. confuse A with/and B对某人来是显然的把A和B相混淆3. be confused by sth .4.in confusion地5. compare. . .with. . .6. compare. . .to7. comepared to/with8. variety of=varieties of9. differ from sb./sth.异10.differ in. . .同被搞糊涂了困惑的；困窘 和比较把比作和相比（作状语）各种各样的 与某人或某物有区别，相12.have a lot/muc

29、h/a great deal in common with. . .与有很多共同之处13.have nothing/little in commonwith. . .与没有/很少有共同之处14.in common with sb./sth.15.make a difference性；16.make some difference to. . .11.have sth.in common (with sb./sth.)和某人或某物有相同之处和 一样有关系；有重要对有些关系在某方面不17.make much difference to. . .影响关系重大； 有重大18.make no diffe

30、rence to. . .对没有关系19.be similar to与相似20.be similar in在方面相似21.have some/much difficulty（in）doing sth.做某事有些/很多困难22.have some/much difficulty with sth.做某事有一些/很多困难23.with difficulty24.lead to sb.doing sth.事25.lead sb.to do sth.事26.announce sth.to sb.事=announce to sb.sth事27.add. . .to. . .28.add to加合计；加起

31、来困（艰）难地使得某人做某使得某人去做某向某人宣布某向某人宣布某把加到中29.add up. . .39.ask sb.a favour =ask a favour of sb请求某人帮40.in sb.fasvour31.make an announcement发表声明，通知32.at present现在；目、八前33.make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事34.make an attempt at doing sth.试图（尝试）做某事35.at one firsst attempt第一次尝试36.attempt at（doing）sth.尝试（做）某事37.in

32、favour of同意，支持，拥护38.do sb.a favour帮某人一个总忙30.add up to. . .计41.refer to. . .as. . .有助于某.为寸.42.refer参考43.make (a) reference (s) to及44.now (that)+句子 然Module 21.to onesatisfaction是2.offer oneshand手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb.物4.how/have respect for sb.=respectsb.尊敬某人5. give/send my respects to sb.请

33、代我向某人问好/致意6.in all respects无论从哪方面来经过；从旁经过去世；（时间等）消磨掉，过去把一代传一代； 流传to提及，论由于； 既 使某人感到满意的伸出7.pass by8.pass away9.pass down10.pass on递11.take. . .for granted12.take it/things easy13.take ones time14.in particular地15.be particular about/over. . .16.have an effect on. . .17.take up18.when用作并列连词时，常用下列句型：(1)

34、Sb .was about to dosth .whe n. =Sb.was on the point ofdoing sth.when. . .某人正要干某事时，这时(2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . .某人正在干某事时，这时(3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .某人刚干完某事时，这时19.apply (to sb.) for sth.20. apply sth.to sth.21. apply to. . .22. apply onesely to. . .传认为.理所当然 轻松，放松 慢慢来，不着急 尤其，特别对讲究/挑剔对 有影响

35、 站好位置以备(向某人)申请某物把 应用于 适用于 致力于23.sth. require doing/to be done某物需要被做24. require sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事25. require that. . .(should) do sth.要求做某事26.in great demand需求很大27.meet/satisfy ones deman满足)某人的需要28.demang to do sth.要求做某事29.demand that. . .(should) dosth.要求某人做某 事30.in response to31. make/give a res

36、ponse to32. make/give no response toModule 31.on account of为3. take sth. into account=take account of sth.把某事考虑在内作为的回应对.做出反应 对不予回答/理解2.on no account决不，在任何条件下都不4.account for做出解释， 提出理由5. lie-lay-lain-lying平躺；位于Lay -laid-aidTay ing放置； 产卵6. The boy lying on the ground lied that his cocklaid anegg.躺在地上的小

37、男孩说他的公鸡下了一只 蛋。7. get into (a) panic态8. be at/in a panic中9. be curious about10.out of curiosity11. satisfy onescuriosity心12. have connection with联13. haveadirect/close/strongconnection with与有直接/密切/牢固的联系14. have sth./nothing to do with与有关/与无关15. be related to与有关16. to oneasstonishment令某人吃惊的是陷入恐慌状在恐慌对好

38、奇，感兴趣出于好奇满足某人的好奇与有联系/有关19.to ones disappointment20.to ones sorrow21.to ones joy22.to ones satisfaction24.warn sb. Not to do sth.=warn against doing sth警告某人不要做某事25.be determined to do sth.决心做某 事26.force sb.to do sth.=force o doing sth强迫某人做某事27.force sth .on/upon sb.把强加于某人28.play a trick on sb.拿

39、某人开玩笑，捉弄某人29.make fun of sb.嘲笑某人； 取笑某人30.make up编造；组成；和解；化妆；弥补31.be/feel in the mood for(doing) sth=be/feel in the mood to do sth.有心情做某事17.to onesurprise是令某人吃惊的18.to onesexcitement是令某人激动的令人失望的是令人难过的是 令人高兴的是 令人满意的是 警告某人某事23.warn sb.about/of sth.32.in a bad/good mood情绪不好/很好33.be set in以为背景34.set off出发

40、；引爆，使爆炸35.set out to do sth.开始做某事36.set about doing sth.开始/着手做某事37.set sth.aside把某物放在一边；省出；38.set up建立；设立；创立39. resemblein在方面像隐藏某物不让人发 现；对某人隐瞒 某事e to an end结3.put an end to4. bring. . .to an endModule 41.hide sth.from sb.结束，终止使结束5.in the end后6. date back to=date from于7. dress up扮8. dress up as. . .成

41、9. dress up in red服10.dress sb.(oneself)衣11.be dress in white服12.make. . .with. . .13.make. . .on. . .14.consist of15.give up弃16.give away送终于；最追溯到，开始装扮；打装扮穿上红色的衣给某人穿穿着白色衣用在做标记在上做记号 由组成；由构成 放赠17.give back归还；恢复健 康18.give in to向让步，屈服于19.give off等）20.give out尽21.take in留发出，放出（气体，气味分发（试卷等） ，筋疲力收22.take o

42、ff23.take on24.take place脱掉（衣服）；飞机（起飞） 显现；承担（工作，责任等） 发生25.take up开始从事；继续，接下去26.There is/was no need for sb.to do某人没有必要做27.There is no possibility that.不可能 28.There is no doubt that. . .毫无疑问29.There is no point in doing sth.做某事没有意义1.retire fromModule 5从退休，从退役2.perform ones promise履行承诺3.perform an operation on sb.给某人做手术4.have an advantage over比有优势5.have an advantage in在方面占优势6.take advantage of利用7.to sbasdvantage对某人有利8.have the advantage of有的优势9