2020年英语专业八级真题

1、文档从网络中收集，己重新整理排版.word版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持.QUESTION BOOKLET试卷用后随即销毁。严禁保留、出版或复印。TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIIT： 150 MlN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION25 MINSECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a nuni-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. Wlule .listening to mini-

2、lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure you fill in is both g)a)ninatically and semantically acceptable. You may' use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now l

3、isten to the miiu-1 ecture, Whei) it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to checkyour work.SECTION B INTER'TEWhi this section you will hear ONE inteniew. The inteniew will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the inteivie

4、w and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY, lifter each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best answer to each questioji on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to t

5、he firstQuestions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the inteiyiew.Now listen to the intei-view.1. A. Announceineiit of results.B. Lack of a time schedule.C. Slowness in ballots coiintuig.D. Direction of the electoral events.2. A. Other voices witlun Afghanistan wanted so.B. The date had been set previ

6、ously.C. All the ballots had been counted.D. The UN advised tliein to do so.3. A. To calm the voters.B. To speed up die process.C. To stick to the election rules.D. To stop complamts from the labor.4. A. Unacceptable.B. Unreasonable.C. Insensible.D. Ill considered.5. A. Supportive.B. Ambivalent.C. O

7、pposed.D. Neutral.Now listening to Part Two of the intenieyw Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the inteiview.6. A. Ensure die government includes all parties.B. Discuss who is going to be the winner.C. Supervise the counting of votes.D. Seek support from important sectors.7. A. 36%-24%.8. 4

8、6%-34%.9. 56%-44%.10. 66%-54%.8. A. Both candidates.B. Electoral institutions.C. The United Nations.D. Not specified.9. A. It was unheard of.B. It was on a small scale.C. It was insignificant.D. It occurred elsewhere.10. A. Problems in the electoral process.B. Formation of a new government.C. Premat

9、ure announcement of results.D. Democracy in Afghanistan.PART n READING COMPREHENSION25 MINSECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and

10、 D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) “Biitam's best export/51 was told by the Department of Iimiiigratioii in Canberra)"is people.” Close on 100,000 people have applied fbr assisted passages in the first five months of

11、the year, and half of these are eventually expected to migi ate to Australia.(2) The Australian are delighted. They are keenly waie that without a strong flow of immigrants mto the workforce the development of the Australian economy is unlikely to proceed at the ambitious pace currently envisaged. T

12、he new mineral discovenes promise a splendid future, and the injection of huge amounts of American and Bntish capital should help to ensure that they aie properly exploited, but with unemployment in Australia down to less than 13 per cent, the government is understandably anxious to attract more ski

13、lled labor.(3) Australia is roughly the same size as the contmental United States, but has only twelve million inhabitants. Migiation has accounted fbr half the population increase m the last fbur years, and has contnbuted greatly to the country's impressive economic development. Bntain has alwa

14、ys been the pmicipal source - ninety per cent of Australians are of British descent, and Bntain has provided one million migrants smce the Second World Wai;(4) Australia has also given gieat attention to recmiting people elsewhere. Australians decided they had an excellent potential source of applic

15、ants among the so-called "guest workers11 who have crossed their own frontiers to work in other arts of Europe. There were estimated to be more than fbur nullion of them, and a large number were offered subsidized passages aiid guaranteed jobs in Australia. Italy has for some yeais been the sec

16、ond biggest source of migrants, and the Australians have also managed to attract a large number of Greeks and Geimans.(5) One diawback with them, so far as the Australians are concemed, is that integiation tends to be more difficult. Unlike the Bntish, contmental migrants have to stniggle with an un

17、familiar language and new customs. Many naturally gravitate towards the Italian or Greek communities which have grown up in cities such as Sydney and Melbourne. These colonies have their own newspapers, their oxmi shops, and their own clubs. Their habitants are not Australians, but Europeans.(6) The

18、 government5s avowed ami, however, is to maintain "a substantially homogeneous society into which newcomers, from whatever sources, will merge themselves. By and large, therefore, Australia still prefers Bntish migrants, and tends to be rather less selective m their case than it is with others.

19、(7) A fai- bigger cause of concerns than the giowlh of national groups, however, is the mcreasmg number of migrants who retiini to their countries of origin. One reason is that people nowadays tend to be more mobile, and that it is easier than m the past to save the retiini fare, but econonuc condit

20、ions also have sometlimg to do with it. A slower rate of growth invanably produces discontent - and if this coincides with greater prospenty in Europe, a lot of people tend to feel that perhaps they were wrong to come here after all.(8) Several surveys have been conducted recently into the reasons w

21、hy people go home. One noted that “flies, dirt, and outside lavatories1' were on the list of coniplamts from Bntish nmniants, and added that many people also complamed about ltthe cmdity, bad manners, aiid unfiiendlmess of the Australians>1. Another survey gave climate conditions, homesicknes

22、s, and "the stark appearance of the Australian countryside” as the mam reasons fbr leaving.(9) Most Bntish migrants niiss council housmg the National Health scheme, and their relatives and fbnner neiglibor. Loneliness is a big factor especially among housewives. The men soon make new fiiends at

23、 work, but wives tend to find it much harder to get used to a different way of life. Many are housebound because of inadequate public transport m most outlying suburbs, and regular con-espondence with their old fiiends at home only serves to increase then, discontent. One housewife was quoted recent

24、ly as saymg: "I even find I niiss the people I used to hate at home.”(10) Rent are high, aiid there are long waitmg lists fbr Housmg Commission homes. Sickness can be ail expensive busmess and the climate can be unexpectedly rougli. The gap between Australian and Bntish wage packets is no longe

25、r big, and people are generally expected to work harder here than they do at home. Professional men over forty often have difficulty in fiiidmg a decent job. Above all, perhaps, skilled immigrants often finds a considerable reluctance to accept their qualifications.(11) According to the joimial Aust

26、ralian Manufacturer, the attitude of many employers and 企 llow workers is anything but friendly. "We Australians/1 it stated m a recent issue"are just too fond of painting the rosy picture of the big, wann-hearted Aussie. As a matter of fact, we are so busy blowing our own tmmpets that we

27、have not not tune to be warm-hearted and considerate. Go down “heart-break alley” among some of the migrants and find out just how expansive the Aussie is to lus immigrants.”11. The Australians want a strong flow of immigrants because .A. Iinmigiants speed up economic expansionB. unemployment is dow

28、n to a low figureC. immigrants attract foreign capitalD. Australia is as large as the Uiuted States12. Australia prefers immigrants from Britain because .A. they are selected carefiilly before entiyB. they are likely to fbnn national groupsC. they easily merge into local commumtiesD. they aie fond o

29、f livmg m small towns13. In explammg why some migrants return to Europe the author .A. stresses their economic motivesB. emphasizes the vanety of theu- motivesC. sti-esses lonelmess and homesicknessD. emphasizes the difficulties of men over forty14. which of the fbllowing words is used literally, no

30、t metaphoncally?A. "flow” (Para. 2).B. Clnyectionn (Para. 2).C. "gravitate” (Paia. 5).D. "selective” (Para. 6).15. Para. 11 pictiu'es the Australians as .(1) unsympathetic(8) ungenerous(9) imdemonstrative(10) umeliablePASSAGE TWO(11) Some of the advantages of bilmgiialism mclude b

31、etter pei-fbnnance at tasks involving “executive fxmctionn (which involves the brain's ability to plan and pnontize), better defense against dementia m old age andthe obviousthe ability to speak a second language. One purported advantage was not mentioned, tliougli. Many multilmgiials report dif

32、ferent personalities, or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.(12) It's an exciting notion, the idea that one's veiy self could be broadened by the inasteiy of two or more languages, hi obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literahwe and so forth) the self re

33、ally is broadened. Yet it is different to claimas many people doto have a different personality when using a difierent language. A fbimer Economist colleague, for example, reported bemg ruder m Hebrew than in English. So what is gomg on here?(13) Beiyamin Lee Whorf,an Ainencan linguist who died m 19

34、41, held that each language encodes a worldview that sigiuficaiitly mfluences its speakers. Often called "Whorfiamsm,； tlus idea has its sceptics, but there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thouglit.(14) Tlus mfluence is not necessanly linked to the vocabulaiy or grammar of a s

35、econd language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later m life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languagesand they are not always best in thei

36、r first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (aiisweiing a test question with ail obvious-seenuiig but wrong answer) than when tested m their native language. In part this is because working in a second language slows down the

37、 thinking. No wonder people feel difierent when speaking them. And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or fiimuer or bluntei; m the language they were reared in from clnldliood.(15) AVhat of "cnb" bilinguals,raised m two languages? Even they do not usually

38、have perfectly symmetiical competence in their two languages. But even fbr a speaker whose two languages are veiy nearly the same in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages. Tins is because there is an important distinction between bilingualism and b

39、icultiiralism.(16) Many bilinguals are not bicultiwal. But some are. And of those biculnwal bilinguals, we should be little sui-pnsed that they feel difierent in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “primmg"一small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior m bi

40、g ways. Asking people to tell a liappy stoiy, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speakmg Spamsh rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultiual Puerto Rican in New York, might coiytue feelings of fanuly and home. Switching to English nn

41、ght prune the same person to thnik of school and work.(17) So there are two veiy good reasons (asyminetncal ability, and pnnmig) that make people feel difierent speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument, though. Ail econoiiust recently intemewed here at Pros

42、pero, Athanasia Chalaii, said for example that:Greeks are veiy loud and they interrupt each other veiy often. The reason for that is the Greek grammar and syntax. When Greeks talk they begin their sentences with verbs and the form of the verb includes a lot of information so you already know what th

43、ey are talking about after the first word and can interrupt more easily.(18) Is there something mtimsic to the Greek language that encomages Gieeks to intenupt? People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages* uilierent properties, and how they influence their speakers. A group of French in

44、tellectual worthies once proposed, rather self- flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly uiunatchable ngor and precision. Some Geniians believe that frequently puttmg the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. But languag

45、e myths are not always selfflatteimg: many speakers tliuik their languages are unusually illogical or difficultwitness the plethora of books along the lines of nOnly in English do you park on a driveway and dnve on a parkway; English must be the craziest language m the world!H We also see some unsui

46、-pnsmg overlap with national stereotypes and self-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German) logical; English, playfhl. Of course.(19) In this case, Ms Chaim, a scholar, at least proposed a specific and plausible Ime of causation from giammar to personality: m Greek, the verb comes first, and it cames a

47、 lot of information, hence easy mtemiptmg. The problem is that many umelated languages all around the world put the verb at the beginning of sentences. Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encodmg lots of mfbnnation in verbs. It would be a stiikrng fiiidmg if all of these unrel

48、ated languages had speakers more prone to intenupting each other. Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily mflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.16. According to the author, which of the following advantages of bilmgiialism is conmionly ac

49、cepted?A. Personality improvement.B. Better task perfbimance.C. Change of worldviews.D. Avoidance of old-age disease.17. Accordmg to the passage, that language influences thouglit may be related to .A. the vocabulaiy of a second languageB. the giaminar of a second languageC. the unproved test perfbn

50、nance m a second languageD. the slowdown of thinking m a second language18. What is the author's response to the question at the begnuung of Para. 8?A. Ifsjiist one of the populai- tales of national steieotypes.B. Some properties inlierent can make a language logical.C. Gennan and French are goo

51、d examples of Whorfianisni.D. There is adequate evidence to support a positive answer.19. Which of the following statements conceming Para. 9 is con-ect?A. Ms. Chalan's theoiy about the Greek language is well grounded.B. Speakei-s of many other languages are also prone to mtemipting.C. Grammar i

52、s uimecessanly a condition fbr change m personality.D. Many unrelated languages don't have the same features as Gieek.20. hi discussing the issue, the author's attitxide is .(1) satuical(8) objective(9) cntical(10) ambivalentPASSAGE THREE(11) Once across the nver and into the wholesale distr

53、ict, she glanced about her fbr some likely door at which to apply. As she contemplated the wide windows and imposing signs, she became conscious of being gazed upon and understood fbr what she was-a wage-seeker. She had never done tlus thing before, and lacked courage. To avoid a certain indefinable

54、 shame she felt at being cauglit spying about for a position, she quickened her steps and assumed ail air of indifference supposedly common to one upon an errand. In this way she passed many nianufactiumg and wholesale houses without once glancing in. At last, after several blocks of walking, she fe

55、lt that this would not do, and began to look about again, though without relaxing her pace. A little way on she saw a great door which, fbr some reason, attracted her attention. It was ornamented by a small brass sign, and seemed to be the entrance to a vast hive of six or seven floors. HPerhaps/ sh

56、e thought, Hthey may want some one/ and crossed over to enter. Wlien she came within a score of feet of the desired goal, she saw thi ough the window a young man in a gi,ey checked suit. That he had anytlung to do with the concern, she could not tell, but because he happened to be lookuig m her duec

57、tion her weakening heart misgave her and she humed by, too overcome with shame to enter. Over the way stood a great six-stoiy structure) labelled Stonn and King, which she viewed with using hope. It was a wholesale diy goods concern and employed women. She could see them moving about now and then up

58、on the upper floors. Tlus place she decided to enter, no matter what. She crossed over and walked directly toward the entrance. As she did so, two men came out and paused in the door. A telegiaph messenger in blue dashed past her and up the few steps that led to the entrance and disappeared. Several

59、 pedestnans out of the hunying throng which filled the sidewalks passed about her as she paused, hesitating. She looked helplessly around, and then, seeing herself observed, reti-eated. It was too difficult a task. She could not go past them.(12) So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves. Her feet camed her mechanically fdrward) eveiy foot of her progress bemg a satisfactoiy portion of a fliglit which she gladly made. Block after bl