汉译英catti3英译汉翻译实务真题和答案

1、天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金城”之称。”.天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%, 是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担（一担=50公斤），是中国烟叶主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩（一亩=1/15公顷），覆盖率达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。天柱乘西部大开发的东风，

2、迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步发展，综合实力日益增长，人民生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，基础设施建设得以加强，城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合服务优化，人居条件优良，经济充满活力”的新天柱呈现在世人面前。此次的汉译英语段命题与以往有些不同，以前都是时政语段或企业介绍，如今的命题有所变化。该文是一篇说明文，介绍了贵州天柱县丰富的自然资源。但不论怎么变化，万变不离其宗，我们在翻译课上所讲的内容完全可以应用到该语篇的翻译中去。下面我们来看看此篇文章是怎样运用我们所学的知识和技巧的吧。文章的第一段正是我们在翻译课上反复强调的7大成分不做主句处理的一个典型实例。我们着重讲授了

3、如下7个成分一般情况下不在英语句子中充当主要句子成分，而是处理为附带或次要成分，这样才能够将英语的语句处理得错落有致，层次分明。7大成分包括：历史，文化，人口，地理位置，创建时间，占地面积以及对主语的基本界定。第一段中涉及“地理位置”，“对主语的基本界定”。按照我们所讲的方法，把地理位置放在句首作为独立结构，然后出现主语，再连接对主语的基本界定，即同位语短语，最后是主句。Located in eastern Guizhou Province, Tianzhu County, an important gateway to Provinces of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jia

4、ngsu and Zhejiang from Sichuan Province, Chongqing and Guizhou Province, is known to the world as “the First Pass in Eastern Guizhou”, “the Land of Barite in China” and “the Gold Town on the Guizhou Plateau.”文章的第二段出现了7大成分中的“占地面积”和“人口”，因此，我们把该段的语序适当调整一下，先译“占地面积”，然后出现主语，后面紧跟同位语，即对主语的基本界定，最后是主句。英'b

5、erat plateau 英plætCovering a total area of 2,201 kilometers, Tianzhu County,one of the counties in Guizhou Province with the highest concentration浓度 of ethnic minorities with a population of 410,000, predominated by the Dong and the Miao ethnicities, making up 98.3% of the local population, hol

6、ds jurisdiction over 16 townships and 326 administrative villages.第三段有5句，按照我们课上所讲的方法，第一句和第二句合并可以处理成如下versions，体现动词谓语的变化或带有宗教色彩的动词,另外，我们所讲的“是”字的译法，“特点”的英译也能够充分表现出来。“蕴藏”一词可以译成：boast, be blessed with/be favored with, be endowed with,“气候温和，土壤肥沃”应该可以将其视为“特点”，“是”一词可以译成：serve as, function as, play the role

7、 of,Version 1.Featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil, Tianzhu, boasting abundant natural resources, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.”Version 2.Tianzhu,blessed with abundant natural resources and featured by its moderate cl

8、imate and fertile soil,serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.”此外，如果将我们在中国茶文化语篇中讲的用词，也可以这样来译：Be home to sth.表示蕴藏，富有，是。的故乡。Featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil,Tianzhu, home to abundant natural resources, serves as a major

9、base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.”第三句翻译的要点在于“产”字，由于“烟叶”是一种农作物，因此，建议使用“yield”做动词或名词来译该句。This locality is also a major tobacco producer in China with an annual yield of 26,000 dans (1 dan =50 kilograms).第四句的要点是将森林面积作为附带成分，使用介词短语来表达。还应注意英语句子连词丰富的特点，在该句的开始应该与上一

10、个句子有一个承上启下的连词，表达其递进关系。Furthermore, it is favored with rich and vast forests with a total forest area of 1.85 million mus (1 mu=1/15 hectares), covering 56% of the area,as one of the top ten largest bases of forest resources in Guizhou.第五句“十分丰富”可由形容词短语作表语转换成动词短语。It also aboun

11、ds in such mineral resources as barite, gold, coal, etc.最后一段汉语由三个句子组成，第一句可以运用我们课上所讲的witness这一句型来译：Chinas “Going West” development program has witnessed the rapid rise of Tianzhu County.还可以译成：Greatly benefiting from Chinas “Going West” development program, Tianzhu County has been rapidly develop

12、ing.用“greatly benefiting from”来表示“得益于”。第二句首先要梳理句子结构，我们课上讲的4Cs的第一个C，即connotation，把该句的逻辑关系梳理清楚，“城镇面貌日新月异”可以是对该句前边内容的一个概括总结，采用“总分结构”处理：Remarkable changes have taken place in the county:steady economic growth, ever-growing improvement of the peoples living standards, increasing adjustment and optimizati

13、on of the industrial structure as well as the infrastructure improvement.第三句“的新天柱呈现在世人面前”可以调整到句首，把前面的若干成分做该句宾语后的定语处理：Tianzhu is unfolding a new picture of its sound ecological environment, well-developed culture and education, improved comprehensive services, ideal living conditions and dynamic econ

14、omic growth.相信，我们的同学会在此次考试中取得骄人的成绩，同时也提醒各位考生以此次的汉译英语段命题作为今后汉译英语段翻译的一个风向标，对说明文的翻译加强练习，以应对今后的三级，甚至二级笔译实务中的语句处理。 2015年5月三笔汉译英真题及【独家译文】Section2: Chinese-English Translation (50 points) 天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金城”之称。”.Located in eastern Guizhou P

15、rovince, Tianzhu County, (as) an important gateway to Provinces of Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang from Sichuan Province, Chongqing and Guizhou Province, is known to the world as “the First Pass in Eastern Guizhou”, “the Land of Barite in China” and “the Gold Town on the Guizhou Plateau.”天柱

16、县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%。是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。Covering a total area of 2,201 kilometers, Tianzhu County, one of the counties in Guizhou Province with the highest concentration of ethnic minorities with a population of 410,000, predominated by the Dong and the Miao ethni

17、cities, making up 98.3% of the local population, has its jurisdiction over 16 townships and 326 administrative villages.天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担（一担=50公斤），是中国烟叶主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩（一亩=1/15公顷），覆盖率达56%，是贵州十大林业基地县之一。重晶石、黄金、煤等矿产资源也十分丰富。Tianzhu, blessed with abundant n

18、atural resources and featured by its moderate climate and fertile soil, serves as a major base of grain production, reputed as “Breadbasket in East Guizhou.” This locality is also a major tobacco leaf producer in China with an annual yield of 26,000 dans (1 dan =50 kilograms). Furthermore, it is fav

19、ored with rich and vast forests with a total forest area of 1.85 million mus (1 mu=1/15 hectares), covering 56% of the area as one of the top ten largest bases of forest resources in Guizhou. It also abounds in such mineral resources as barite, gold, coal, etc.天柱乘西部大开发的东风，迅速崛起。全县国民经济稳步发展，综合实力日益增长，人民

20、生活水平在不断提高，产业结构调整日趋优化，基础设施建设得以加强，城镇面貌日新月异。“生态环境优美，文化教育优越，综合服务优化，人居条件优良，经济充满活力”的新天柱呈现在世人面前。Chinas “Going West” development program has witnessed the rapid rise of Tianzhu County. Remarkable changes have taken place in the county: steady economic growth, ever-growing improvement of the peoples living s

21、tandards, increasing adjustment and optimization of the industrial structure as well as the infrastructure improvement. Tianzhu is unfolding a new picture of its sound ecological environment, well-developed culture and education, improved comprehensive services, ideal living conditions and dynamic e

22、conomic growth.CATTI英语笔译实务(3级)2015年5月考试真题 Section1: English-Chinese Translation (50 points)For generations, coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah. Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supply companies line the town streets. Above th

23、e road that winds toward the mines, a soot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal =Jobs.”犹他州东部有一个矿产丰富的小镇，那里的人们祖祖辈辈都以采煤为生。一提起在地下辛苦采煤时的情景，每个家庭总是倍感骄傲（副词转换成动词）。街道两旁的煤炭供应公司一个挨着一个。在通往矿井的蜿蜒小路上方的广告牌上，一个满脸炭灰的矿工凝视着远方，旁边的标语写着“煤炭=工作”。But recently, fear has settled in. The states oldest c

24、oal-fired power plant, tucked（不译） among the canyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federal pollution regulations.但是最近，小镇的人们心里充满了恐惧。联邦政府新颁布了一套更为严格的污染管理条例，这使得小镇附近峡谷之中的一家美国最古老的燃煤电厂濒临倒闭。As energy companies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people here have

25、grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozens of workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that they must retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits are preparing to take business elsewhere.由于能源公司纷纷弃用煤炭，转而使用更清洁、更廉价的天然气，小

26、镇的人们越来越害怕，他们的家园可能很快就会人去楼空。卡本电厂的几十名工人早就意识到，他们要么提前退休，要么另谋职业。当地的货运和装配人员正准备开发外地的业务。“There are a lot of people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant since he was 18.凯尔戴维斯从18岁起，一直在卡本电厂工作。他说：“很多人都在担忧。Mr. Davis, 56,worked his way up from sweeping floors to managing operations at the

27、plant, whose furnaces have been burning since 1954.戴维斯先生今年56岁，从清洁工人一直做到电厂的经营主管。卡本电厂的高炉从1954年开工，一直燃烧至今。“I would have liked to be here for another five years,” he said. “Im too young to retire.”他说：“如果可能，我还想再工作五年。毕竟我还很年轻，没到退休年龄。”But Rocky Mountain Power, the utility that operates the plant, has determi

28、ned that it would be too expensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercury emissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015.公共事业公司落基山电力公司是卡本电厂的经营者，公司已经决定，要达到联邦政府最新规定的水银排放标准，就必须改造日趋老化的电厂，而改造费用实在是太贵了，并不可行。电厂计划在2015年4月关闭。“We had been working for the better part of

29、 three years, testing compliance strategies,” said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones we investigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”大卫艾斯凯尔森是电力公司的发言人。他说：“三年来，我们一直在不断地努力改善，尝试各种合规策略。经过调查，这些策略都不能满足政府的要求。”For the last several years, coal pl

30、ants have been shutting down across the country, driven by tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a move by utilities toward natural gas.近年来，政府的环境保护条例愈加苛刻，人们用电的需求量逐渐下滑，加之公共事业公司打算向天然气转型，美国境内已经有数家燃煤电厂被迫关闭。This month, the board of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authorit

31、y, the countrys largest public power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama and Kentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010,more than150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement.田纳西河流域管理局是美国最大的公共电力公司。本月，其董事会投票表决，关闭位于阿拉巴马州和肯塔基州的八家燃煤电厂，部分电厂转成天

32、然气电厂。2010年起，150多家燃煤电厂有的已经关闭，有的即将关闭。The Environmental Protection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for the plants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and will have a sweeping impact on air quality.美国环保局估计，这些针对燃煤电厂制定的更为严格的排放管理条例将节省数十亿美元的健康储蓄金，明显改善空气质量。I

33、n recent weeks, the agency held 11 “listening sessions” around the country in advance of proposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.二氧化碳排放的补充条款颁布之前，美国环保局近几周来在全国范围内召开了11场“听证会”。“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States, and we have ready

34、 alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said Bruce Nilles, director of the Sierra Clubs Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nations coal plants.布鲁斯尼尔斯是塞拉俱乐部“超越煤炭”活动的负责人，该行动旨在关闭美国所有的燃煤电厂。他说“燃煤电厂是美国危险性最大的碳污染源，我们已经采取其他能源代替煤炭，比如风力发电和太阳能发电。”For many here, coal jobs are all th

35、ey know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.对于这里的许多人来说，采煤对他们再熟悉不过了。卡本的煤炭工业在困难时间

36、也能把人们团结起来，尤其是2007年矿难发生后的黑暗时期。那次矿难发生在距离公路南35英里的矿区，矿难造成九人死亡，普里斯附近每一个人几乎都认识遇难者，有六名遇难者至今还埋在山里。But there is quiet acknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change if not now, soon.尽管如此，人们心里还是默默地承认，卡本县必须改变，现在不变，不久也会变。David Palacioss father, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal ro

37、ar and fade here. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was12, and earned $1 a day.大卫帕拉西奥斯的父亲名叫皮特，在矿区工作了43年，见证了卡本煤炭工业的兴衰。皮特今年86岁，当回忆第一次采煤的情景，他双眼湿润了。那年他才12岁，每天挣1美元。“Im retired, so Ill be fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.“我退休了，日子会好过

38、一些。可是这样年轻人呢”皮特帕拉西奥斯说，声音低不可闻。 Section2:Chinese-EnglishTranslation (50 points)天柱县位于贵州省东部，是川渝黔通两广、江浙的重要门户，素有“黔东第一关”、“中国重晶石之乡”、“贵州高原黄金城”之称。Located east of Guizhou, Tianzhu County is an important gateway from Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou to Guangxi, Guangdong, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It has long been kno

39、wn as the “First Pass in East Guizhou”, the “home of Barite in China” and the “Gold City on the Guizhou Plateau”.天柱县总面积2201平方公里，辖16个乡镇，326个行政村，总人口41万余人，以侗、苗族为主的少数民族人口占98.3%。是贵州省少数民族比例最多的县份之一。With a total area of 2,201 square kilometers, Tianzhu County is composed of 16townships and 326 administrativ

40、e villages. Ethnic minorities, predominantly Dong and Miao, constitute 98.3% of the local population of more than 410thousand. It is one of the counties with the highest concentration of ethnic minorities in Guizhou.天柱蕴藏着丰富的自然资源。气候温和，土壤肥沃，是贵州重要粮食生产基地，享有“黔东粮仓”的美誉。当地年产烟叶2.6万担（一担=50公斤），是中国烟叶主产区。这里林业资源丰富，森林面积达185万亩（一亩=1/15公顷），覆盖率达56%，是贵