初一上学期英语知识点总结修订版

1、初一上学期英语知识点总结初一年级(上)【知识梳理】I.重点短语1.Seon13.lookafterII.重要句型1.helpsb.do3.Let'sdosth.5.It'stimeforItis-/It's-7.WhereisIt's.I'英语知识点梳理2.onduty6.looklike10.atwork14.getupsth.3.inEnglish4.ha7.lookat8.h11.atschool15.goshopping12.put9.WhatclassareyouinI*min.11.What'splusIt's.13.Who&

2、#39;sthisThisIcansee,：15.Thereis(are).It's(They're)2.Whatabout4.It'stimetodosth.6.What's8.Howoldareyou10.Welcometo.12.Ithink-14.Whatcanyousee16.Whatcolourisit(arethey)17.WhoseisthisIt's.18.WhattimeisitIt's.III.交际用语1.Goodmorning,Miss/Mre*2.Hello!Hi!3. Nicetomeetyou.Nicetomeety

3、ou,too.4. HowareyouI'mfine,thankyou/thanks.Andyou5. Seeyou.Seeyoulater.6.Thankyou!You'rewelcome.7.Goodbye!Bye!8.What'syournameMynameis.9.Hereyouare.Thisway,please.10.Who'sondutytoday?11.Let'sdo.IV.重要语法1.动词be的用法;12.Letmesee.2 .人称代词和物主代词的用法；3 .名词的单复数和所有格的用法；4 .冠词的根本用法；5 .Therebe句型的

4、用法.【名师讲解】1. in/on在表示空间位置时,in表示在某个空间的范围以内,on表示在某一个物体的表面之上.例如：Thereisabirdinthetree.树上有只鸟.Thereisapictureonthewall.墙上有张图.2. this/that/these/those(l)this常常用来指在时间、地点上更接近讲话人的人和事,these是this的复数形式.that常常用来指在时间、地点上离讲话人更远一点的人和事,those时that的复数形式.例如：YoulookinthisboxandI*11lookinthatoneoverthere.你看看这个盒子,我去看那边的那个盒

5、子.Iwantthiscar,notthatcar.我想要这辆小汽车,不是那一辆.Takethesebookstohisroom,please.请把这些书拿到他房间去.Thisismine;thattsyours.这个是我的,那个是你的.Theseareapples;thoseareoranges.这些是苹果,那些是橘子.(2)在打的用语中,this常常指的是我,that常常指的是对方.例如:ThisisMaryspeaking.Who'sthat我是玛丽.你是谁3. Therebe/haveTherebe有,其确切含意为某处或某时存在某人或某物.其结构是：Therebe+某人或某物+

6、表示地点或时间的状语.Therebe后面的名词实际上是主语,be动词的形式要和主语在数上保持一致,be动词后面的名词是单数或不可数名词时用is,名词是复数时用are.例如：(1) Thereisabigbottleofcokeonthetable.桌上有一大瓶子可乐.(2) Thereisadollinthebox.那个盒子里有个娃娃.(3) Therearemanyapplesonthetree.那树上有许多苹果.总之,Therebe结构强调的是一种客观存在的有.have表示拥有,占有,具有,即：某人有某物(sb.have/hassth.).主语一般是名词或代词,与主语是所属关系.例如：(4

7、) Ihavetwobrothersandonesister.我有两个兄弟,一个姐姐.(5) Thathousehasfourrooms.那所房子有四个房间.4. look/see/watch(l)look表示“看、瞧,着重指认真看,强调看的动作,表示有意识地注意看,但不一定看到,以提醒对方注意.,如：Look!Thechildrenareplayingcomputergames.瞧！孩子们在玩电脑游戏.Look!What'sthatoverthere看！那边那个是什么单独使用是不及物动词,如强调看某人/物,其后接介词at,才能带宾语,如：He'slookingatme.他正在

8、看着我.(2)see强调“看的结果,着重的是look这个动作的结果,意思是“看到",see是及物动词,后面能直接跟宾语.如：Whatcanyouseeinthepicture你能在图上看到什么Lookattheblackboard.Whatdidyouseeonit看黑板！你看到了什么(3)watch观看,注视,侧重于场面,表示全神贯注地观看、观察或注视某事务的活动,强调过程,常用于“看电视、看足球、看演出等.如：YesterdaywewatchedafootballmatchonTV.昨天我们从电视上看了一场足球比赛.4. puton/inputon意为“穿上,戴上.主要指“穿上这

9、一动作,后面接表示服装、鞋帽的名词.in是介词,表示“穿着强调状态.在句中可以做定语、标语和状语.如：It'scoldoutside,putonyourcoat.外面冷,穿上你的外衣.Heputsonhishatandgoesout.他戴上帽子,走了出去.ThewomaninawhiteblouseisJohn'smother.穿白色衬衣的那个妇女是John的妈妈.5. house/home/familyhouse：“房子,指居住的建筑物；Home：“家,指一个人同家人共同经常居住的地方；Family：家庭,"家庭成员.例如：Pleasecometomyhouseth

10、isafternoon.今天下午请到我家来.Heisnotathome.他不在家.Myfamilyallgetupearly.我们全家都起得很早.6. fine,nice,good,well四者都可用作形容词表示好之意,但前三者既可作表语乂可作定语,而后者仅用作表语.主要区别在于：(1) fine指物时表示的是质量上的精细,形容人时表示的是身体健康,也可以用来指“天气晴朗例如：Yourparentsareveryfine.你父母身体很健康.That,safinemachine.那是一台很好的机器.It,safinedayforawalktoday.今天是散步的好时候.(2)nice主要侧重于人

11、或物的外表,有美好,漂亮的意思,也可用于问候或赞扬别人.例如：Lucylooksnice.露西看上去很漂亮.Thesecoatsareverynice.那些裙子很好看.Nicetomeetyou.见到你很快乐.It'sveryniceofyou.你真好.(3)good形容人时指品德好,形容物时指质量好,是表示人或物各方面都好的普通用语.例如：Hersonisagoodstudent.她儿子是一个好学生.Theredcarisverygood.那辆红色小汽车很好.(4)well只可用来形容人的身体好“,但不能作定语,它也能用作副词作状语,多放在所修饰的动词之后.例如：rmverywell

12、,thanks.我身体很好,谢谢.Myfriendssingwell.我的朋友们歌唱得好.Be动词用法：Be动词有三个,am,is还有are.我用am,你用are,is跟着他她它,复数全部都用are.is,are一般现在时态中inguangzhounow.inShanghai.inWuhan.acity.students,ateacher,cities.1.1Be动词的三种形式a0IamMyfatherHeMysisterSheisGuangzhouitWeLucyandIYouareTheyGuangzhouandWuhan练习：用am,is,are填空.1. TheU.S.abigcoun

13、try.2. GuangzhouoneofthelargestprovinceinChina.3. GuangzhouandShanghaimordencities.4. WeinGuangzhounow.5. IastudentinXXschool.6. LucyandIteenagers.7. Davidmyclassmate.8. Youmybestfriend.9. Mydogmybestfriend.10. Mymotherandsisterathome.1.2Be动词的用法.7种用法1. Guangzhouisbeautiful.对主语进行描述.2. Guangzhouisacit

14、y.对主语下分类.即主语是什么.3. Guangzhouisinthesouth.主语的位置.4. WearefromChina.主语来自于哪里.5. Iazz?16yearsold.主语的年龄.6. Itishotinguangzhou.描述天气.7. It3s6o'clock.表示时间.有两种意思:你,你们.BE动词都用are.到底是哪种意思,要看后面的名词.Youareastudent.(你)Youarestudents.(你们)2当主语是另外一个人和I时.Be动词用are.并把另外一个人的名字放I之前,表示对别人的尊重.Johnand工aregoodfriends.3主语用人称

15、代词来谈论时间和天气.be动词用is.ItishotinGuangzhou.ItIs6o'clocknow.isbig.NewYorkandChicagoarebig.人称主格宾格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称我我们单数Imemy我的mine豆数weusyur我们的ours第二人称你你们单数youyouyour你的yours豆数youyouyour你们的yours第三人称他她它他ffj项数hehimhis他的hissheherher她的hersititIts它的its且数theythemtheir它、他、她们的theirs一般疑问句：一般疑问很好认,be,do和情态,三者开头是

16、一般.句首没be就加do.Be分am,is,are.Do,does,did是助动.情态动词有许多,can,may,would,must,还有shall和should,情态动后加动原,遇到some是特殊,any不把some变.它的答复很简单,yes和no轮流用,哪词来问哪词答.冠词用法：冠词有三个,a,an还有the.a,an用单数,单复都用the.an用元音前,the要多注意.特指要用the,独一无二也是the.序数,最高级前不少the.还有情况不用冠,国名,地名,人名前,前有my,this等限定,冠也千万不能用,球类前面不加the,乐器前面要加the.零散语法：动词后面用宾格,主格用在不能放

17、句尾,形容物代跟名词,名词物代不跟词.Like后有名词,没有限定必跟复,如果动词放在后,ing小尾巴不能丢.Wouldlike是想要,想做事情加todo,wantto,howto不少to,to后动原永不变.特殊疑问词特殊疑问词7个wh-和1个how7个wh-：what,who,where,when,which,why,whose二、结构1.特殊疑问词作主语时,句式为：特殊疑问词+动词单三形式或is+其他eg.1：Whoisatschool谁在学校2WhoteachesyouEnglish谁教你英语2 .特殊疑问词+主语时,句式为：特殊疑问词+主语+动词或be+其他eg.Whosebrother

18、isateacher谁的哥哥是一名老师3 .其他情况：特殊疑问词+助动词do/does或be+主语+动词原形+其他eg.1Whatdoeshedo他是做什么的2WhereisChicago芝加哥在哪儿20212021年初一英语上学期期末知识盘点与题解PartOne词类转换一可数与不可数名词,可数名词变复数,：1 Therearetwouniversityinthedistrict.2 Therearemanydictionaryinthebookshop.3Theyhavemanyphoto4Therearemanytall(building)inthecity.5My(parent)arew

19、orkers.6Theyare(manteacher)7Whatareyourfavourite(country)intheworld?8Nowadays,weneveruse(match)moreoftenthanbefore.9Best(wish)toallofyouhere!10Workin(pair)andyoucanspeakwell.11English(class)usuallybeginat6o'clock.12The(monkey)inthezoomakeallofuslaugh.13Heresomeinformationfortheholiday.14Healthyf

20、ood(be)helpfulforus.15Heeatstwoboxesofchocolatethisafternoon.(对戈U线提问)chocolateheeatthisafternoonThethieves'wivescutthewolvesintotwohalveswithleavesmadeintoknives.二人称代词和物主代词的使用1Thisissilkshirt.(he)2Theyareparents(he)3Lucysitsbehind(he)4Kateisinfrontof(we).5Tomisnextto(she)6 WhoteachesEnglish.Athe

21、yBthemCtheirDtheirs7 CanyouhelpwithEnglish(they)8 Thecatislookingatfaceinthewater.(its,it's)三词性的转化1 Therearemany(difference)kindsofanimalsintheworld.2 Canyouwritean(invite)emailinEnglish?3 ManyChinesestudentsstudyin(Europe)universitiesnow.4 Everyoneofusshouldgive(visit)awarmwelcome.5 Theshopis(c

22、lose)atthistimeoftheday.四动词的使用1 Let's(make)acakeforTony.2Shelikes(write)inChinese2Ihavealotofwork(do)3(dance)isherfavourite.4Canyoufinish(run)aroundtheplaygroundin10minutes?5 Hepractises(drive)everySaturday.6 Thanksfor(invite)metoyourparty.7 ThegirlsinClassTwoareallgoodat(speak)English.8 Hehastw

23、o(swim)lessonsonSunday.9 Hermotheralwaysgoes(shop)attheweekend.10 Whatabout(keep)thisasecret?11 Wouldyoulike(stop)(have)adrinkandarestYoulooktirednow.12Tonyasksme(go)PartTwo易错语言点一冠词a,an,the/1Whatfineweatheritisplayfootball3ThemanisArabic,playviolinverywelltoabasketballmatch.today!2Iwantorange4Don

24、9;tyoubelievethathecan5Theactorinthefilmisone-year-oldbaby.二Therebe,have/hasgot以及它们的区别1 There(be)anappleandthreeorangesonthedesk.2 Therearesomestudentsintheroom(变一般疑问).3 Thereistwodesksintheroom.(对划线提问)4 shegotacomputerADoesBDoCHaveDHas5 Hehasgotanewwatch.Hegotanewwatch.6 Lucyhasgottwoemailboxesonth

25、eInternet(对划线提问)Lucyontheinternet?7 Jimgotanydrink.Ahaven"tBhasn"tCdoesn'thaveDdon'thave8 Therearemorethanonehundredteachersinourschool.(同义句)Ourschoolmorethanonehundredteachers.9friendshaveyoufriends.三单数第三人称,动词的单三形式1 Sometimesshe(send)me2 Mohteralwaysgetsupand(family.3 Lily'sfa

26、theroftengotIeightflowersasbirthdaypresent.cook)breakfastforthewhole(drink)wine?9 Jim(practise)dancingeveryday10 Theboyinredclothesalways(listen)totheteachercarefully.11 Linglingnever(watch)footballmatches.12 Theyusually(have)Englishlessonsinthemorning.13 TonyandLinTao(wear)thesameclothes.14 Everyon

27、eintheclass(be)busyforthefinalexam.15 What(be)yourpresentforyouraunt?四be与do1 ThetigereatgrassAisn'tBdoesn'tCaren'tDdon't2 Theyusually(notgive)moneyorfruitaspresents.3 Shewantstobeasingerinthefuture.(对划线提问)shewanttointhefuture.4 WeallpractisereadingEnglilsheverymorning.allpractiseever

28、ymorning.5 ThesnakecomesfromSouthAmerica.同义句ThesnakeSouthAmerica.6 Themeetingendsat3o'clock.同义句Themeetingat3c'clock.7 MybrotherandIbestudents.五句型转换1 Thisbananaisgreenisthisbanana.2 Thegreenbananaisnotgoodforustoeat.notgoodforustoeat?3 Hisbikeisunderthetree.hisbike?4 youcanridethebikeunderthe

29、tree.youride5 What'stheweatherlikeinWuhan同义句inWuhan六介词的使用1Onegirltenisdressedpinkclothes.2Thisbigboxwillserveusatable.3 ChildrenwakeupupveryearlythemorningofChristmasDay.4 Theteacheriscomingbackanhour.go?5 Wewalkourfeet.6Thereisnothingtodotomorrowafternoon,isthere?7Fatherbuysanewcomputermeandgivesitmeasanaward.8Youmustwriteaname_itifyouwanttosaveadocument.9Thegovernmentmakesaplantheuseofland.10ConnectpointA_pointB,wegetastraightline.UTheinvitationisJohn.Wouldyouliketogo12Lilysitsnextto,nextDavid13Thereisablackboa