20中考专题—阅读与表达(带答案)

1、绫】阅读与表达营芝麻开门J.一13噌3事3/3甲皿噂3申3J.JU埠-UA-Um4审4LS噌-LU噂XJ知己知彼考纲近三年中考分布2021年2021年2021年阅读与表达阅读与表达阅读与表达能获取文章的具体信息第64/65/66/67题第64/65/66/67题第65/66/67/68题阅8分8分8分读阅读与表达阅读与表达阅读与表达与能理解归纳文章的主旨要义第68题第68题第69题表2分2分2分达揭秘：阅读与表达是中考必考题型,共5小题,总计10分c其中前4小题是容易题,文章中有明确答案；最后第5题属于难题,通常需要在理解文章主要内容的根底上提取文章主旨要义.4守3噌XJ.XU.

2、JJJ.JLL咏XJ噂XU.-UI一.山.JL1J.4寺XJ.4U.-UJ.U申JU申JU*_U.3.3.3*_U腺344申用兵如神【典型例题】2021北京中考Campinginyourbackyardisfulloffun,whateveryourage.It'sgreatforkeepingusrelaxed.Itofferschancestocheckthenightskyandtobenoisierthanusual.Itletsushavefriendsovertostaywhomightnotfit'llneverforgetinsidethehouse!Follo

3、wtheseinstructionsandyou'llhaveanightyouPutupyourtent.Dependingonthenumberoffamilymembersandguests,youmayneedmorethanonetent.Tellyourfriendstobringtheirtentsifneeded.FollowtheinstructionsorcheckoutthearticlesonhowtoputupatentontheInternet.Prepareyourbedding.ieonthefloor:You'llwantyourguestst

4、obeabletorelaxincomfort.Putsomethingsofttoblow-upairmattressorthickcomfortersmayworkwell.Fillthetentwithsofttoysandblankets毯子.Havelightweightsleepingbagsorcottonblankets.Theyareespeciallyimportantifyoulivewherethenighttemperaturesdropgreatly.Prepareaseatingarea.Ifyouhaveapicnictable,thatwouldworkbes

5、t.Ifnot,setupafewchairsandasmalltabletosetoutdrinksandfood.Asimplechoiceistolayoutablanketinthesun,sothatyourfriendscaneatandtalk.Besurethegrassisn'twet!Makememories.Plansomeactivities.You'recampinginthebackyard,soit'stimetomakethemostofbeingoutdoors.Haveacameranearbytotakesillyphotosofy

6、ou,yourfamilymembers,andyourfriends.Takeonelarge注意：先看问题,再带着问题读文章效率groupshotwitheveryonesmilingandlaughing.Besuretomakecopiesforeveryone!64. Iscampinginthebackyardgreatfun?65. Whatcanwedotohelprelaxourguests?66. Whatisasimplechoicetoprepareaseatingarea?67. Howdowemakememories?68. Whatisthepassagemain

7、lyabout?卡考点一：获取文章具体信息般疑问句64. Iscampinginthebackyardgreatfun?【考点精析】Yes.此题考查获取文章具体信息的水平.通过查找关键词campinginthebackyard可知此题对应的信息就位于文章的第1句话Campinginyourbackyardisfulloffun,whateveryourage.信息与问题致,故答案为Yes.考点二：获取文章具体信息特殊疑问句65. Whatcanwedotohelprelaxourguests?【考点精析】Putsomethingsofttolieonthefloor.此题考查获取文章具体信息的

8、水平.问题是“为了帮助客人放松,我们能做什么？通过查找关键词helprelaxourguests可知此题对应信息位于第3段开头部分You'llwantyourgueststobeabletorelaxincomfort.Putsomethingsofttolieonthefloor你想要你的客人舒适地放松,那么在地板上放一些软绵绵的东西来躺着.故答案为Putsomethingsofttolieonthefloor.66. Whatisasimplechoicetoprepareaseatingarea?【考点精析】Asimplechoiceistolayoutablanketinthe

9、sun.此题考查获取文章具体信息的水平.问题是“准备一个就坐区域的简单项选择择是什么？通过查找关键词prepareaseatingarea可知答案位于第4段;再根据关键词asimplechoice可知答案位于第3句话Asimplechoiceistolayoutablanketinthesun.67. Howdowemakememories?【考点精析】Bytakingphotosofus,ourfamilymembersandfriends.此题考查获取文章具体信息的水平.问题是“我们如何制造回忆？通过查找关键词makememories可知答案位于最后一局部,即照片能给人留下回忆Haveac

10、ameranearbytotakesillyphotosofyou,yourfamilymembers,andyourfriends.答复时需注意两点：首先,要将第二人称转换为第一人称与问题保持一致；其次,通常How引导的特殊疑问句要用by+doing弓I出答案,故答案为Bytakingphotosofus,ourfamilymembersandfriends.点三：提取文章主旨要义特殊疑问句68. Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?【考点精析Whatfunofcampingisandhowwehaveagreatcamping.此题考查提取文章主旨要义的水平.问题是“这

11、篇文章主要关于什么？这类问题通常在原文中找不到明确的对应信息,需要在把握文意的1段是单独的一局部,其余根底上,提炼并归纳出答案.纵观此题原文,发现它可以分成两个局部第带副标题的所有段落是另一局部,那么分别提炼两局部的内容要点并整合在一起就会得出此题答案.第1局部红色划线语句首段前4句话以“总一分式说明camping的乐趣；蓝色划线语句首段最后一句话承上启下,说明第2局部将分述如何才能拥有一个难以忘怀的camping.最后分别what和how两个连接词?各两音B分段义弓I出,即Whatfunofcampingisandhowwehaveagreatcamping.【举一反三】阅读与表达问题形式一

12、般答复方式一般注息事项股具体信息一般疑问句Yes./No.答案对应信息与题号顺致,自上而卜选择疑问句例如:Whichisbetter,AorB?A./B.特殊疑问句in/at+地点wherein/on/at+时间whenBy+doinghowBecause-why主旨要义特殊疑问句WhatandhowWhenandwhere-1Whoandwhy注意人称、时态要与问题一致【即学即练】2021北京中考Weneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment.Beingafrugalconsumer节俭的消费者isonewaytohelp.But,whatexactlydoes

13、thatmean?UseItUpYoucanusethingsupinsteadofwastingthem.Squeezethatlastbitoftoothpasteoutofthetube.Usethelastlittlepieceofsoap.Don'tthrowawayanybitsofthebiscuitatthebottomofthebox.WearItOutYoudonotalwaysneedtohavenewthings.Supposeyoursneakershavebrokenlaces,buttheystillfityou.Repairthemandwearthem

14、longer.Youdon'havetohavethelatestiPhoneuntiltheoldonedoesn'workanymore.Thenyoucangetanewone.Thinktwicebeforereplacingsomethingthatstillwork.MakeItDoWhensomethingyouwantisnotonhand,lookforsomethingelsethatyoualreadyhavetotakeitsplace.Supposeyouarepackingyourlunchfortomorrowandwantabuttersandw

15、ich.Youareoutofbutter.Haveacheesesandwichinsteadsoyoucanuseallofthecheese.Learntofixbrokentoysinsteadofjustthrowingthemaway.Withalittlethought,youcanmakesomethingdo,insteadofbuyingsomethingnew.DoWithoutThinkaboutallthosethingsthatyouwouldliketohave.Doyoureallyneedthem?Howlongwillyoureallyplaywiththa

16、tnewtoyyousawonTV?Makingthethingsthatwewantusesupourworld资源.And,gettingridofthethingswedon'twantanymoretakesupevenmoreresourcesandspace.65. Doweneedtoberesponsibleforourenvironment?66. Howdowedealwiththelastlittlepieceofsoap?67. WhendoweneedtogetanewiPhone?68. Whatshouldwedowhensomethingwewantis

17、notonhand?69. Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?【答案】65.Yes.66. Useitup.67. Untiltheolddoen'tworkanymore.68. Lookforsomethingelse.69. Whyandhowtobearesponsibleconsumer.两先仔细阅读短文后所提出的问题,带着问题通读全文,把握文章意思,然后再研k"读跟问题相关的句子、句子的关键词或短语等；在此根底上再结合上下文进行分析判教学断、逻辑推理、归纳提炼出问题答案；记住要看清问题,不要答非所问,同时表述的点拨句子内容要简洁明了、语法

18、正确、语句通顺、书写标准./过关斩将【2021河北中考】Everyyear,wildfires野火destroymuchforestland.Homesarebrokendown,andthousandsofpeopledie.smokejumpersarehelpingtostopthis.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.Theyjumpfromplacesintoareasthatdifficulttoreachbycaroronfoot.Theyracetoputoutfiresasfastastheycan.Atafiresite,sm

19、okejumpersfirstexaminethelandanddecidehowtofightthefire.Theirmaingoalistostopfirefromspreading.Usingbasictoolssuchasshovelsandaxes,smokejumpersclearlandofburnablemateriallikeplantsandotherdrymaterial.Theycarrywaterwiththemtoo,butnotmuch.Althoughmostsmokejumpersaremen,morewomenarejoining.Mostimportan

20、tareyourweightandheight.SmokejumpersintheU.S.forexample,mustbe54to91kilograms,sotheydonhentheyfartcgetrhgjetwblownbystrongwinds.Smokejumpersmustbeabletoliveinthewilderness.InRussia,manysmokejumpersknowhowtofindfoodintheforestandevenmakesimplefurniturefromtrees.Theworkisdangerous,thehoursarelong.Butf

21、orthesefirefighters,smokejumpingisn'tjustajob.Theylovebeingabletojumpoutofplanes,fightfires,andliveintheforest.As28-year-oldRussiansmokejumpersAlexiTishinsays,“Thisisthebefdijotestrongandbrave.64. WhatareSmokejumpers?65. Wheredotheyjumpfrom?66. What'stheirmaingoal?67. Whyshouldtheyhaveproper

22、weight?68. What'sneededtobeasmokejumper【答案】64.Smokejumpersareaspecialkindoffirefighter.65. Theyjumpfromplanes.66. Theirmaingoalistostopfirefromspreading.67. Becausetheywon'gethurtwhentheyland,orgetblownbystrongwinds.68. Tobeasmokejumper,oneneedstohaveproperheightandweight,beabletoliveinthewi

23、ldernessandlovehis/herjob.【2021海淀一模】Beijingisacrowdedcityofhigh-risebuildingseverywhere.Whenthereisafire,itcanspreadeasilyandquickly.Everyyear,therearethousandsofpeoplelosingnotonlytheirproperty财产butalsotheirlovedonesinfires.Inmanycases,thesefireshappenedbecausepeoplewerecareless.Topreventfiresathom

24、e,itisimportanttomonitor监督somehouseholdactivities.UseofelectricalappliancesAlwayspayattentiontotheelectricalwiringandelectricalappliances电器thatyouareusing.Chooseproperelectricalappliancesandusethemcorrectly.Forexample,allowenoughspacebehindyourTVsetstomakesurethatthereisroomfortheheattoescape.Donotp

25、utheatersnearnewspapersorothermaterialsthatcanburneasily.Whentheelectricalappliancesarenotinuse,disconnectthemfromtheelectricitysupply.Whenyounoticeproblemswithyourelectricalappliances,makesuretorepairorreplacethemquickly.Itisalsoimportanttoavoidconnectingtoomanyplugstothesamesocket插座asfiresmayresul

26、t.FirerisksinthekitchenThekitchenisaplacewherewecanfindfuel燃料,cookingstovesandmanydifferentkindsofelectricalappliances.Becauseofthis,youhavetobemorecarefulwhenworkinginthekitchen.Beforecooking,openthewindowstoallowfreshairintothekitchen.Donotleavethekitchenwhenastoveisinuse.Keepfoodpackagesandwastep

27、aperawayfromastoveaswell.Ifyousmellstronggasinthekitchen,disconnectthegassupplyandcontactyourgassupplycompanyimmediately.MatchesandlightersPutmatchesandlightersinsafeplaces.Donotletchildrenplaywiththem.EmergencyexitsDonotblocktheemergencyexits紧急出口orlockthem.Whenthereisafire,theemergencyexitsareyourm

28、ainescapepaths.64. Whydidfirehappeninmanycases?65. Whereshouldn'tweputtheheater?66. Isitimportanttoavoidconnectingtoomanyplugstothesamesocket?67. Whatshouldwedobeforecooking?68. Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?【答案】64.Becausepeoplewerecareless.65. Weshouldn'tputheatersnearnewspapersorothermateri

29、alsthatcanburneasily.66. Yes./Yes,itis.67. (Weshould)Openthewindowstoallowfreshairintothekitchen.68. Totellushowto/Someusefulwaystopreventfires(athome)./Totellsomethingaboutfireprevention(athome).【2021东城一模】Lisaistenyearsold.Sheishandicapped(残疾的)becauseshehasbraindamage.Shecouldnotdressherselforfeedh

30、erselfuntilayearago.Herparentslovedher,buttheytreatedherlikeababy.Mr.Chinghasadaughterandason.Theyarebothgrown-up.Theylivefarfromtheirfather.Mr.Chingfeltlonely.Hedecidedtodosomethingaboutit.Hevolunteeredtobecomeafostergrandfathertoahandicappedchild.AndthatwashowhemetLisa.Mr.Chingbecameafostergrandpa

31、renttoLisaayearago.Atfirst,Lisawasshy.ShewasafraidbecauseMr.Chingwasastranger.Buthecametoseeherthreetimesaweek.Littlebylittle,shebegantotrusthim.LisaletMr.Chingdothingsforher.Hehelpedtodressher,toldherstoriesandfedher.Onedayhecameatlunchtimeandfedher.Hehandedherthespoonandguidedittohermouth.Hetoldhe

32、rshemustlearntofeedherself.“MostofthatlunchendeduponourclothesinsteadofinLisaMr.Chingremsmbsfe,"BButitwasastartforLisa.Shelearnedtofeedherselfinafewmonths.ThenLisawasreadyformoretreatment.ThankstoMr.Ching,shehadlearnedtodoonesimplething.Shecouldalsolearntodoothersimplethings.Tobecomefostergrand

33、parents,peoplemustbeatleastsixtyyearsoldandingoodhealth.Theyarevolunteers,sotheyarenotpaid.Mr.Chingsays,“Weallbenefit.Thehandicappedchildrenbenefitbecausewehelpthemlivemoreusefullives.Andwebenefitbecauseweknowthechildrenneedusandloveus.Foranyperson,there'nsgreaterhappinessthanthat!64.WhydoesLisa

34、needhelp?65. DoesMr.Chinglivewithhischildren?66. HowoftendidMr.ChingvisitLisa?67. Howcanpeoplebecomefostergrandparents?68. WhatdidMr.ChingdotohelpLisa?【答案】64.Becausesheishandicapped.65. No,hedoesn't.66. Threetimesaweek.67. Theymustbeatleastsixtyyearsoldandingoodhealth.68. Hedressedher,toldhersto

35、riesandfedher.Healsotaughthertofeedherself.【2021西城一模】FlynnMcGarry,a14-year-oldAmericanboy,controlsthekitcheneasily.Heisnowcrownedas被誉为"thecountry'shottestchef厨师.McGarrybeganhiscookingcareerfouryearsagoandsaiditwassomethinghewassoondrawntoo.Hewantedtocookasmuchashecoulddoit.Afterlookingatall

36、thesecookbooksandgoingontheInternet,hethoughthecouldachievethatoneday.McGarrysaid."EverytimeItryit,Ihopetokeepgettingbetterandbetter.Ijustfellinlovewithit."Hesaidhismother'scookingwasanotherreasonforhimtocook.Hedidn'tquitelikehismother'sfood,sohedecidedtotrysomethingsimple.Hest

37、artedcookingforhimself.Hebeganpracticinghisknifeskillsafterschool.Then,hestartedcreatingdishesforafewofhismother'sfriends.Soonafter,hecreatedmorecomplicate-d复杂的andexpensivedishesforfamousrestaurantsinAmerica.Thereal"IwanttobeachefmomentcamewhenMcGarrydecidedtocreatehisowndishes.Hesaidayearl

38、ater.Whenhisskillsinthekitchengotbetter,hewasabletocookhiswaythroughmostofthecookbook.Hehasworkedintoprestaurantsacrossthecountry.Hisaccomplishments技艺mayseemliketheworkofanexperiencedchef,butthiscookisonly14yearsold.Theyoungmanhasastrongpassion热情forcooking.Heeventurnedhisbedroomintoanexperimentalkit

39、chenlab.Youcan'tseeanyvideogames,basketballsormovieposters.McGarry'smotherisproudofhimandshefullysupportsherson.Shesaid,"Heshowedsuchpassionforthisthatitwasanobviouschoicetoallowhimtodowhathelovestodo.""Focusingonyourpassionandhardworkcertainlypaysoffintheend."WhenFlynnMc

40、Garrywasinterviewed,hesaid,"Atthepointinyourlifewhereyoustopcaringifyou'regoingtobefamousordowell,yourdreamwillcometoyou."64. HowoldwasMcGarrywhenhestartedcooking?65. Didhelikehismother'sfood?67. Whendidhereallywanttobeachef?68. WhatmakesMcGarrysuccessful?【答案】69. Hewastenyearsold./

41、Hewasten./Tenyearsold.70. No,hedidn't.71. Forhimself.72. Whenhedecidedtocreatehisowndishes.73. Hispassionforcooking,hardwork,aslongashiscreativeideasandnotcaringwhethersuccessfulornot.【2021朝阳一模】Dr.SharonM.Draperisanexcellentteacheraswellasasuccessfulwriter.Sheisawomanofachievements.Shehasbeenhon

42、oredastheNationalTeacheroftheYear,isafive-timewinneroftheCorettaScottKingLiteraryAwards,andisaNewYorkTimesbestsellingwriter.ShewaschosenasOhio'sOutstandingHighSchoolLanguageArtsEducator,OhioTeacheroftheYear,andasaNCNWExcellenceinTeachingAwardwinner.SheisaMilkenFamilyFoundationNationalEducatorAwardwinner.SheisaYWCACareerWomanofAchievement,andistherecipient接受者oftheDean'sAwardfromHowardUniversitySchoolofEducation.TwoyearsagoshewasnamedOhioPioneerinEducati