morphology练习部分答案

1、Chapter3Lexicon I.Choosethebestanswer.(20%) 1. Nouns,verbsandadjectivescanbeclassifiedas A.lexicalwordsB.grammatical wordsC.functionwordsD.formwords 2. Morphemesthatrepresenttense,number,genderandcasearecalledmorpheme. A.inflectionalB. freeC. boundD.derivational 3. Therearemorphemesintheword denatio

2、nalization. A.threeB. fourC.fiveD. six 4. InEnglishiseandtionarecalled A.prefixesB. stems 5. Thethreesubtypesofaffixesare:prefix,suffixand suffixes C.infixes D. A.derivationalaffixB.inflectional affixC.infixD. back-formation 6. isawayinwhichnewwordsmaybeformedfromalreadyexistingwordsbysubtractingana

3、ffixwhichisthoughttobepartoftheoldword. A.affixationB. back-formationC.insertionD. addition 7. ThewordTBisformedinthewayof. A.acronymyB. clippingC.initialismD. blending 8. Thewordslikecomsatandsitcomareformedby A.blendingB. clippingC.back-formationD. acronymy 9. Thestemofdisagreementsis.A.agreementB

4、. agreeC.disagreeD. disagreement 10. Allofthemaremeaningfulexceptfor. A.lexemeB. phonemeC.morphemeD. allomorph 11. Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.(10%) 11. Phonetically,thestressofacompoundalwaysfallsonthefirstelement,whilethesecondelementreceivessecondarystress. 12. Foreasinforet

5、ellisbothaprefixandaboundmorpheme. 13. Basereferstothepartofthewordthatremainswhenallinflectionalaffixesareremoved. 14. Inmostcases,prefixeschangethemeaningofthebasewhereassuffixeschangetheword-classofthebase. 15. Conversionfromnountoverbisthemostproductiveprocessofaword. 16. Reduplicativecompoundis

6、formedbyrepeatingthesamemorphemeofaword. 17. Thewordswhimper,whisperandwhistleareformedinthewayofonomatopoeia. 18. Inmostcases,thenumberofsyllablesofawordcorrespondstothenumberofmorphemes. 19. Back-formationisaproductivewayofword-formations. 20. Inflectionisaparticularwayofword-formations. 111. Fill

7、intheblanks.(20%) 21. Anispronouncedletterbyletter, whileanispronouncedasaword. 22. Lexicon,inmostcases,issynonymouswith 23. Orthographically,compoundsarewritteninthreeways:,and. 24. Allwordsmaybesaidtocontainaroot 25. Asmallsetofconjunctions,prepositionsandpronounsbelongtoclass,whilethelargest part

8、ofnouns,verbs,adjectivesandadverbsbelongstoclass. 26. isareverseprocessofderivation,andthereforeisaprocessofshortening. 27. isextremelyproductive,becauseEnglishhadlostmostofitsinflectionalendingsbytheendofMiddleEnglishperiod,whichfacilitatedtheuseofwordsinterchangeablyasverbsornouns,verbsoradjective

9、s,andviceversa. 28. Wordsaredividedintosimple,compoundandderivedwordsonthelevel. 29. Awordformedbyderivationiscalleda,andawordformedbycompoundingiscalled a. 30. Boundmorphemesareclassifiedintotwotypes:and. IV.Explainthefollowingterms,usingexamples.(20%) 31. Blending 32. Allomorph 33. Closed-classwor

10、d 34. Morphologicalrule V.Answerthefollowingquestions.(20%) 35. HowmanytypesofmorphemesarethereintheEnglishlanguage?Whatarethey?(大学，2003) 36. WhatarethemainfeaturesoftheEnglishcompounds? VI.Analyzethefollowingsituation.(20%) 37. MatchthetermsunderCOLUMNIwiththe underlinedformsfromCOLUMNII(大学，2004) I

11、II (1)acronyma.foe free morphemeb.subconscious (3) derivationalmorphemec.UNESCO (4) inflectional morphemed.overwhelmed (5) prefixe.calculation I. 1-5AACBB II. 11-15FTFTT III. 21.initialism,acronym 23.solid,hyphenated,open 25.close,open back-formation 27.conversion 29.derivative,compound IV. 31. Blen

12、ding:Itisaprocessofword-formationinwhichanewwordisformedbycombiningthemeaningsandsoundsoftwowords,oneofwhichisnotinitsfullformorbothofwhicharenotintheirfullforms,likenewscast(news+broadcast),brunch(breakfast+lunch) 32. Allomorph:Itisanyofthevariantformsofamorphemeasconditionedbypositionoradjoiningsounds. 33. Close-classword:Itisawordwhosemembershipisfixedorlimited.Pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,articles,etc.areallclosed-classwords.610BCADB 1620FTFFF 22.vocabulary 24.morpheme 26. 28.mor