Since-和-for-的用法及区别

1、Since和for的用法及区别：一 ,since的四种用法1, since +过去一个时间点（如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、ago. 1990 , last month, half past sixI have been here since 1990. 1990 起，我一直在这儿。2, since+ 段时间 +agoI have been here since fi ve months ago。自从五个月前，我已经在这儿了。3, since+从句 GreatChanges have taken place since you left. 自从你走后，已经发生了很大的变化。4, It is +

2、一段时间+since从句I t i s t w o years since I became a n E n g l i s h teacher. 我成为英语 老师有两年了。2, For +时间段，用来说明动作延续时间长度，因此句中的谓语动词，也应该是延续 性动词。I have been in Beijing for one year 。We have learnt English for about three years.I have been here for 3 days.（）I have arrived here for 3 days.（误）三，延续性动词和终止性动词的概念英语中，动

3、词按其动作发生的方式、动作发生过程的长短，可分为延续性动词和终止性动词。延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：learn, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay 等。终止性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词或短暂性动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow,buy 等。

4、四、延续性动词的用法特征1 .延续性动词可以用于现在完成时，其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间”的短语有：for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long 等I have learned English since I came here.自从我来至 U这儿就学英语了。2 .延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间”状语连用。如：It raind at eight yesterday morning .（误）rain为延续性动词，而at eight表

5、示"点时间"，前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词性动词来表示一瞬间的动作，可借助 come begin get 等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为： It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.（ 正）又如：-When did you get to know Jack?-Two years ago.-Then you' ve known each other for more than two years.-That's right.五、终止性动词的用法特征1 .终止性动词可用来表示某一动作完成，因此可用于现在完成时。如：

6、The train has arrived.火车到了。Have you joined the computer group?你加入电脑小组了 吗？2 .终止性动词表示的动作极其短暂，不能持续。因此，不可与表示一段时间的状语用 （只限肯定式）。如：（1）他死了三年了。误：He has died for three years.正：He has been dead for three years.正：He died three years ago.正：It is three years since he died.正：Three years has passed since he died.（2）

7、他来这儿五天了。误：He has come here for five days.正：He has been here for five days.正：He came here five days ago.正：It is five days since he came here.正：Five days has passed since he came here.句中终止性动词转换为相应的延续性动词，如上面两例中的第一种正确表达方式。下面列举几例：leave fbe away, borrow -keep, buy - have, begin/start fbeon, diefbe dead, m

8、ove to flive in, finish fbe over, join fbe in/be a memberof, open sth. f keep sth. open, fall ill fbe ill, get up - be up, catch a cold fhave a coldo练习：用since和for填空1)two years 2)two years ago 3)last month4)1999 5)yesterday 6)4 o ' clock7)4 hours 8)an hour ago 9)we were children10)lunch time 11)s

9、he left here1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.2. I ' ve known him we were children.3. Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.4. She has been away from the city about ten years.5. It ' s about ten years she left the city.2.短暂性转换延续性 arrive at/in sw. get to/reach sw. come/go

10、/move to sw.fbe in sw./at school/at home/on the farm/be here/be there1) He got to Beijing five minutes ago.He Beijing for2) I moved to the USA last year.I the USA since3) I went home yesterday.I home for4) They came here last week.They here since. come/go back, return f be back come/go out f be out1

11、) He came out two years ago.He for2) We return to Fuzhou yesterday.We to Fuzhou since become f be1) I became a teacher in 2000.I a teacher for.2) The river became dirty last year.The river dirty for. close f be closed open f be open1) The shop closed two hours ago.The shop for2) The door opened at s

12、ix in the morning.The door for six hours. get up f be up die f be deadbe asleepleave sw. f be away from sw.fall asleep/get tot sleepfinish/end f be over marry f be married1) I got up two hours ago.I since.2) He left Fuzhou just now.HeFuzhou for five minutes.3) My grandpa died in 2002.My grandpa for.

13、4) The meeting finished at six.The meeting for six hours.5) I got to sleep two hours ago.I since.6) They married in 1990.They since. start/begin to do sth.f do sth. begin f be on1) I began to teach at this school in 1995.I at this school since.2) The film began two minutes ago.The film for.CD borrow

14、 f keep lose f not have buy f have put on f wearcatch/get a cold f have a cold geknow f know1) They borrowed it last week.They it since.2) I bought a pen two hours ago.I a pen for.3) I got to know him last year.I him since.4) I put on my glasses three years ago.I my glasses for.5) have/has gone to f have been in1) He has gone to Beijing.He Beijing for two days. join the league/the Party/the armyfbe a league/a Party member/a soldierfbe a member of the league/the Part