初中英语语法中考主谓一致(共4页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上上海中考英语语法考点：主谓一致一， 概念及基本规则：英语语法的主谓一致原则是指谓语动词的单复数形式与主语保持一致。1， 就近原则：not onlybut also; notbut; neithernor; eitheror; there be；whetheror; or句型中，谓语动词与相邻的主语保持一致。例：whether he or I am mad. 不是他就是我疯了。2， 就前原则：as well as; together with; rather than; along with; with; without; but; except; like; besi

2、des; including，in addition to等连接主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。二、谓语动词通常用单数的情形：1. 当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由 and 连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数。两个主语视为一体时，动词用单数。主语从句所指物是单数或复数时，谓语用相应单复数。whether he succeeds or fails doesn't concern me . To play basketball and to go swimming are of great use. When and where to build the

3、center hasnt been decided. What I want is an interesting book while what he expects are two cups of coffee.2. 不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词，即使以and连接成多主语，谓语动词仍用单数。如：every doctor and every nurse goes there.each, neither, either, everyone, anything, nobody等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。但each 做同位语，谓语用复数，如They each are。none

4、of them可单可复。every不能做主语，everyone, no one不能与of 联用，every one of , none of ; everyday是形容词，只能做定语,everyday routine, every day短语作状语，放句子首尾。3. 书刊名、学科名、国名，组织名称，时间、距离、价格、度量衡、疾病、游戏等的以s结尾的名词作主语时, 谓语动词常用单数。The United States is复形单义：以s结尾如 mathematics, politics, physics, news, times, wages, circumstances等，谓语动词用单数。4,

5、 more than one；many a加单数名词，谓语用单数。more than one member is, many a student is, 但More members than one are against your plan. One and a half bananas is (are) left on the table. 但An apple and a half are。时间段，用is，强调年数，用are。加减乘除，用单数。但加乘也可用复数。三、谓语动词通常用复数：1，当and 与 bothand 连接两个主语时，一般用复数谓语。但如and并列的主语指同一人时，后面主语

6、没有冠词，谓语用单数。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，用复数。如：The singer and dancer一人。The red and the white coats are mine. The black and white coat is mine.the +形容词/分词做主语表一类人时，谓语常用复数。The elderly, the injured2, 以s结尾的表山脉、群岛、海峡、瀑布等地理名称时，用复数。如，the Alps,the Himalayas, the Niagara Falls, the Philipine Islands. area表示地区、领域为可数，an ar

7、ea, areas谓语相应变化。3，谓语从量词：amounts of 加不可数名词，谓语用复数；quantities of ，masses of, supplies of加可数/不可数，谓语都用复数。Quantities of food (nuts) were on the table。但the number of/the variety of/this kind of 谓语用单数。谓语从名词：a number of，a group of ,a variety of, a couple of加复数可数名词，谓语用复数。四、单复数视句意定：1，当 what, all , such, more,

8、some, any, none, the rest作主语或修饰主语时,谓语动词视情况而定。例：All were silent.人人无语。All was silent.万籁俱寂。the rest of; half of; part of; majority of; percent of; one third of；a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a large quantity of加名词作主语时,谓语与of后的名词保持一致。T2, 定语从句的关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语与先行词一致；在强调句中强调主语时，后面的动词与主语一致； 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词与

9、其后的主语一致。I know one of the boys that are there. He is the only one of the boys who wins the game. the very one of , the first one of3, 意义一致原则：Twenty years is not a long time.Twenty years have passed since he left.五、修饰可数、不可数名词的量词：1， 可数：many, many a(谓语单数), few, a few, a number of, numbers of, several2，

10、 不可数：much, a bit of, little, a little, amounts of（谓语复数）, a large amount of, a great deal of3， 可数不可数都可：some, any, lots of, a lot of, quantities of（谓语复数）, a large quantity of, plenty of谓语动词一般从名词。Lots of , a lot of 通常不用于修饰年月日等时间概念，习惯上不用于否定句，用many, much。六，特殊名词：1, 只用复数的名词trousers, shoes, glasses, clothes

11、, socks, gloves, chopsticks, scissor, shorts等由两个部分构成的物品，以及goods, clothes，people, police, cattle等作主语时, 谓语用复数。但people表民族时可指单数。2，单复同形名词作主语时，表单数谓语用单数，表多数用复数deer, fish, sheep, means, aircraft, spacecraft，Chinese, Japanese, Swiss, (以ese, ss结尾的国籍名)，works(工厂)等。但fish表种类时，可加es, work表著作时，为可数名词。Chinese当语言用，谓语用单

12、数。ten aircraftAll possible means have been tried. Every possible means has been tried.强调整体时谓语用单数, 指全体人员时, 用复数。class , team, group, family, population, audience, government, company, committee，army等。The staff is /are hardworking. 4, 只有单数的名词baggage, luggage, clothing, furniture等不可数名词，不用不定冠词a, an，也不用数词

13、，没有复数形式。选择填空 练习一1-_ either he or I proud of the job ? -Neither he nor you _.A. Am, are B. Is, are C. Are, are D. Am, is2. A knife and fork _ lying on the floor . A. was seen B. were seen C. see D. sees 3. The factory, including its equipment and buildings ,_burnt last night. A. is B. are C. was D. w

14、ere4. I, who _ your close friend, will share your joys and sorrows .A. was B. are C. is D. am5. Over 70 percent of the population in this province _ farmers .A. is B. are C. has D. have 6. Some person _asking for you at the entrance to the cinema .A. will be B. is being C. is D. are 7. The rest of t

15、he novel _ very wonderful and instructive .A. were B. are C. is D. seem8. Every means _ tried, but there is no absolute result yet.A. have been B. has been C. will be D. were 9. What I want _ an interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee . A. is, are B. are, is C. is, is D. are, are

16、10. A teacher, together with four students, _ sent to help with this research the next week. A. was B. has C. were D. are11. He lost one of the books which _borrowed from the library yesterday. A. were B. was C. had D. have12. Jack, as well as his relatives and friends, _a party at home now.A. are h

17、aving B. is have C. is holding D. are holding13. The 26th Olympic Games _ held successfully .A. is B. will be C. are D. were14. All but the one that asked for leave yesterday _ here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were15. On each side of the road _ a lot of tall trees .A. stands B. is standing

18、C. grow D. is growing16. Three hours with your old friends_ to be a short time .A. seem B. seems C. is seeming D. has seemed17. When and where to build the new first aid center _ yet.A. hasn't been decided B. doesn't decidedC. haven't been decided D. aren't decided18. The United Nati

19、ons _ in 1959 .A. were found B. were founded C. was found D. was founded 19. Each teacher and each scientist _ invited to take part in the conference.A. are B. was C. has D. were 20. One and a half apples _ left on the table .A. are B. is C. has D. have1-5 BACDB 6-10 CCBAA 11-15 ACDDC 16-20 BADBA/B练

20、习二1. One-third of the area _ covered with green trees. About seventy percent of the trees _ been planted.  A. are; have   B. is; has   C. is; have   D. are; has2. The number of teachers in our college _ greatly increased last term.A number of teachers in this schoo

21、l _ from the countryside.  A. was; is   B. was; are    C. were; are    D. were; is3. What _ the population of China? One-third of the population _ workers here.   A. is; are    B. are; are     C. is; is   

22、 D. are; is4. Not only he but also we _ right. He as well as we _ right.  A. are; are    B. are; is     C. is; is    D. is; are5. What hed like _ a digital watch. What hed like _ textbooks.  A. are; are    B. is; is   &#

23、160; C. is; are     D. are; is6. He is one of the boys who _ here on time. He is the only one of the boys who _ here on time.   A. has come; have come  B. have come; has come C. has come; has come  D. have come; have come7. Either you or he _ interested in playing

24、chess. _ you or he fond of music at present? A. are; Are     B. is; Are    C. are; Is   D. is; Is8. Many a professor _ looking forward to visiting Germany now.  Many scientists _ studied animals and plants in the last two years.  A. is; have

25、0;  B. is; has    C. are; have   D. is; are9. A knife and a fork _ on the table. A knife and fork _ on the table.A. is; is   B. are; are   C. are; is   D. is; are10. Her family _ much larger than mine four years ago. Her family _ dancing an

26、d singing when I came in last night.  A. were; was   B. was; were  C. was; was   D. were; were11. How and why Jack came to China _ not known. When and where to build the new library _ not been decided.  A. is; has    B. are; has  C. is

27、; have    D. are; have12. Now Tom together with his classmates _ football on the playground.  A. play   B. are playing   C. plays   D. is playing13. Two hundred and fifty pounds _ too unreasonable a price for a second-hand car.   A. is   B. are    C. were   D. be14. All but Dick _ in Class Three this term.   A. are      B. is     C. were    D. was15. Soon after