状语从句课件

1、All Rights Reserved.杭州外国语学校高三英语组杭州外国语学校高三英语组2007.1 Leo 状语从句在主从复合句中作状语修饰主句中的状语从句在主从复合句中作状语修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词，按意义可分为动词，形容词或副词，按意义可分为 时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、行为方式、比较、让步方式、比较、让步 等九种状语从句。一般位于等九种状语从句。一般位于句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗号和主句格开。句首或者句末，位于句首，用逗号和主句格开。 考点（考点（1）when, as, while 引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句When既可引导

2、持续动作，又可引导短暂动作。它表示主既可引导持续动作，又可引导短暂动作。它表示主句动作和从句动作同时发生，或从句动作在主句动作之前。句动作和从句动作同时发生，或从句动作在主句动作之前。When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.（同时）（同时）When the lesson was over, we began our writing.（从句动作在前）（从句动作在前）while指指“在某一时间里在某一时间里”，“在在 期间期间”，从句动作必，从句动作必须是持续性；也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧须是持续性；也强调主句

3、和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主从句动作的对比。重主从句动作的对比。While he was in London, he studied music. as常和常和when, while通用，但侧重主句和从句的动作同时通用，但侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生，说明两种正在发展和变化的情况。发生，说明两种正在发展和变化的情况。He hurried home, looking behind as he went.I saw your sister as she was getting on the bus yesterday.He sang as he walked.一、时间状语从句一、时间状语从句_

4、 he left school at fourteen, he began to train as an engineer. A. While B. Since C. When C. Then _ the day went on, the weather got worse. A .With B. Since C. While D. As当当when, as, while表示表示“在在一段时间里一段时间里”，主从句的动，主从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。如：作同时发生时，可以换用。如： While (When或或As) we were discussing, Mr. Smith came in

5、.When 和和while 引导时间状语从句时，若主句的主语和从引导时间状语从句时，若主句的主语和从句的主语一致的时候，可以用句的主语一致的时候，可以用when/while+现在分词表示。现在分词表示。_ a young man, he went to France for French.A. When B. While C. As D. Since*when 可表示可表示“如果如果”。如：。如：Dont be afraid of asking for help_ it is needed. A. Unless B. since C. although D. whenwhen和和while还可

6、以是并列连词，意思分别是还可以是并列连词，意思分别是“就在这就在这时时”，“然而然而”。如。如：He was about to tell me the secret_ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. while D. whenI do every single bit of housework_ my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then.B. since B. while C. when D. asJasmine was holidaying with her f

7、amily in a wildlife park _she was bitten on the leg by a lion. A. when B. while C. since D. beforetime, first time, soon after, shortly after都可以作为都可以作为连词引连词引导时间状语。如：导时间状语。如：I recognized him the moment I saw him.By the time he was four, he had taught himself math. Each time he came, he would call on

8、me.- Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?- Yes, I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. for the moment B. the moment C. at the moment D. whileIt was not until he came back that I know it. = Not until he came back did I know it.A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity

9、 _ he reaches the end of the story.A. when B. unless C. after D. untilWe were told that we should follow the main road _we reached the central railway station.A. whenever B. until C. while D. whereverNot until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.A. did the villagers realiz

10、e B. the villagers realizedC. realized the villagers D. didnt the villagers realize*如果如果before引导的从句位于主句之后，词义非常灵活引导的从句位于主句之后，词义非常灵活，注意下列句子中的注意下列句子中的before的词义的词义：1.Before I could get in a word, the tailor had measured me.(还没来得及还没来得及就就)2.We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.(还没还没就就)3.We had sailed

11、4 days before we saw land.(才才)4.Please write it down before you forget it.(趁还没趁还没就就)考点考点4 before Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. whenIt was evening _ we reached the little town of Winchester. A. that B

12、. until C. since D. beforeSomeone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up _ I could answer the phone. A. as B. since C. until D. beforeHe made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. before D. as二、地点状语从句二、地点状语从句where/wherever 引导，要注意引导，要注意

13、where there 连用的某些情连用的某些情况下，使得地点从句更像是一个条件句。况下，使得地点从句更像是一个条件句。例如：例如： Where there is a will, there is a way. The famous scientist grew up _ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai. A. when B. whenever C. where D. whereverShe found her calculator _ she lost it. A. where B. when C. in which D. that三、

14、原因状语从句：三、原因状语从句：考点考点1：because, as, since, for引导原因状从的区别。引导原因状从的区别。because 表示的原因因果关系很强表示的原因因果关系很强, as 和和 since表示已知的表示已知的或比较明显的原因，译为或比较明显的原因，译为“由于由于”“”“既然既然”，since 比比 as 更正式，更正式，as 从句有时候可以倒装。从句有时候可以倒装。1. 在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用在强调句中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导，引导，不可用不可用as或或 since，如：，如： It was because he was ill tha

15、t he didnt go with us.2. because可以引导表语从句可以引导表语从句,而而 as, since不可以，这时状不可以，这时状语一语一 般都是般都是it, this, that 如：如：Its because he is too lazy.3. Tired as he was, he went to bed early. (倒装表示原因倒装表示原因) as 也可以引导让步状语从句，具体意义由上下文表明。也可以引导让步状语从句，具体意义由上下文表明。4. *for也有也有“因为因为”之意，是并列连词，语气较强。常用之意，是并列连词，语气较强。常用来补充说明原因或用来表示推

16、断的依据，前面常带逗号。来补充说明原因或用来表示推断的依据，前面常带逗号。如：如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wetParents should take seriously their childrens requests for sunglasses _ eye protection is necessary in sunny weather. A. because B. though C. unless D. if 四、条件状语从句四、条件状语从句:由由 if, unless, so/as long as (只要只要

17、), so/as far as, in case (that) (万一万一), supposing that, providing/ provided that等引导：等引导：If plastics and rubber are burned, they give off poisonous gases. You can go out, as long as (so long as ) you promise to be back before eleven.In case I forget, please remind me about that.注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将

18、来注意：条件状语从句中的谓语动词的时态不可用将来 时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。时，只能用现在时态或过去时态表示将来时。As far as I can tell , the whole thing should cost about $500. Unless you work hard, you will fail,1) John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out _ he phones. A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that3) The men will have t

19、o wait all day _ the doctor works faster. A. if B. unless C. whether D. that4) _you call me to say youre not coming, Ill see you at the theatre. A. Though B. Whether C. until D. Unless5) You will succeed in the end_ you dont give up halfway. A. even if B. as though C. as long as D. unless6) _ I know

20、 the money is safe, I shall not worry about it. A. Even though B. Unless C. As long as D. While7) - How far apart do they live? - _ I know, they live in the same neighborhood. A. As long as B. As far as C. As well as D. As often as8) _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the

21、danger. A. As long as B. As far as C. Just as D. Even if五五 让步状语从句：让步状语从句：由由though, although, as (虽然尽管虽然尽管), even if, even though, wh-ever, no matter-wh, whether引导引导.1) Though he is old, yet he is active.2) Although most of the people agreed, some were not willing to accepted.3) Proud as the nobles a

22、re, he is afraid to see me.We wouldnt lose heart even if we should fail ten times.4) Whenever (=no matter when) you call on me, you are always welcome.5) Wherever (no matter where) you work, you can always find time to study.6) Take the one you like best, whichever (no matter which) it is.7) No matt

23、er what I say or how I say it, he always thinks Im wrong.8) Whether he comes or not, well discuss the problem this afternoon.注意：注意： （1）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有）让步状语从句在句中的位置可放前也可放后，有时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时时还可以插在主句中间，前置时，强调主句内容，后置时强调从句内容。强调从句内容。 （2）though与与although同义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，同义，用法基本一样，前者通俗，口语化；后者较正

24、式，多放于句首，不能与口语化；后者较正式，多放于句首，不能与but连用，但连用，但可以与可以与yet, still等连用，用来加强语气。等连用，用来加强语气。Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working.1) _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled to much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I

25、 gave traveled to much2) Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when3) - Dad, Ive finished my assignment. - Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no mat

26、ter4) You can eat food free in my restaurant_ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however5) _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A.However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is

27、amusing6) You should try to get a good nights sleep_ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever 六六 方式状语从句：方式状语从句：The teacher told the students to do as he did.Leave it as it is.He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing. I saw the man looking about him as if he wish

28、ed to impress upon his mind everything.as if和和as though意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚意义和用法大致一样，引导的从句多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。拟语气，但也可用陈述语气。He treats me as if I were his own son.由连词：由连词：as（象（象一样）一样）, as if, as though引导引导七七 目的状语从句目的状语从句 通常由通常由that, so that, in order that, sothat, in case（以（以防、免得）防、免得）for fear that(以防，以免以防，

29、以免)等引导等引导He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.She married him so that she might tend and comfort him.I explained again in case he should misunderstand me.注意注意: 目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。等情态动词。I hid the knife under the bed _ he found

30、it.A. if B. so that C. for fear that D. in order that 1) John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if2) Roses need special care_ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even f D. as 3) Sally worked lat

31、e in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first next morning. A. so that B. in order to C. before D. so as八八 结果状语从句：结果状语从句：It was very cold, _ the river froze.The book is _ written _ it gives a quite wrong idea of the facts.There were _ many people (=such a lot of people) in the room _ we could not get i