unitfoodsanddrinks基础知识点

1、Unit 7 Foods and drinks一、重点单词短语1. foods and drinksfood指食物的总称时用作不可数名词；指不同种类的食物时用作可数名词e.g. I must buy some food for supper.We have a lot of foods. Fish, meat, chicken, which one would like?2. 表示“某国人”的名词的复数变化：a Chin esA two Chin ese中国人a Japanes& three Japanese日本人a Swiss four Swiss瑞士人an Englishman t

2、wo Englishmen英国人a Frenchmarr two Frenchmen法国人an American two Americans美国人an Australian two Australia ns澳大利亚人an European two Europeans欧洲人a German two Germans德国人中国、日本和瑞士，复数不需加-s;英国、法国、荷兰人，要把man改成men； -an,-ian 各国人，后边直接加 -s； German 德国人变复数加 -s。3. popular受欢迎的；流行的be popular with受到的欢迎e.g. popular songs Jay

3、Chou's songs are popular with young men.4. have a great time 玩得开心 (=have a good time/enjoy onese)lfe.g. We all had a great time in the park yesterday.=We all enjoyed ourselves in the park yesterday. 我们昨天在公园玩的很开 心。oneself:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itse

4、lf5. help oneself to sth.用e.g. He helped himself to the meat .他自己拿肉吃。6. cut off 切下e.g. He cut off a piece of bread and gave it to me.他切下一片面包给我。e.g. I will call you as soon as I get back home.我一回家就给你打电话。cutinto pieces把切成碎片e.g. She cut the apple into small pieces 她把苹果切成小块。7. in different ways用不同的方法e.g

5、. The four boys finished the work in different ways.和way相关的短语：on ones way to 在某人去的路上e.g. I met an old frie nd on my way to compa ny.注意：on one'way home 在某人回家的路上by the way顺便说一下e.g. By the way, do you know her?in that way用那种方法e.g. I think you can finish the work in that way.& far from 离远e.g. He

6、 lives far from his school.My home is not far from the park.9. as soon as就 表示一个动作发生了，另一个动作紧接着发生e.g. I will tell him the n ews as soon as he comes back.注意：as soon as引导的时间状语从句中，主语是一般将来时，从句用一般现在 时表示将来。类似的用法还有if （如果）引导的条件状语从句和 when引导的时 间状语从句。e.g. We will visit the park if it doesn' t ratomorrow.Tom

7、will play basketball with his friends when he finishes his homework.10. a little, a few, a bit 一点a little修饰不可数名词，意为“一点” ；little修饰不可数名词，意为“几乎 没有”，含否定意义。e.g. a little watera little milkThere is little food. We should buy some for lun ch.a few 修饰可数名词，意为“一些” ； few 修饰可数名词，意为“几乎没有” 含否定意义。e.g. a few studen

8、ts a few booksThere are a few apples on the desk.a bit 修饰可数名词需加上 ofe.g. a bit of water a bit of milknot a little 相当于 very(much) “非常”； not a bit 相当于 not at all 意为“一点儿都不”e.g. She is not a little tired.=She is very tired.She is not a bit tired.= She is not tired at all.11. be good for对有好处be good to对好 b

9、e goodat擅长于be badfor对不好e.g. Eating more fruits is good for your health. 多吃水果对你的健康有益。12. be sure to定e.g. You are sure to win the match.你一定会赢得比赛的。13. no wonder 难怪e.g. No wonder you are so happy today it'syour birthday today难怪你今天这么开心原来今天是你的生日。14. start with以开始同义词：begin with反义词： end up with 以结束e.g.

10、Miss Green often starts her lessons with an English song.The party ended up with a music.15. stop doing sth. 停止做某事stop to do sth. 停下来做另外一件事e.g. They were tired and stopped walking他们累了，没有走了。They were tired and stopped to have a rest他 们累了，停下来休息。二、重点句型1. It is time to/for到时间；该做某事了It is time for sb. to

11、do sth .某人该做某事了e.g. It is time to go to bed. 该睡觉了It is time for class.该上课了。It is time for us to have a rest.我们该休息 了。2. Can you help me with ?能帮我吗？e.g. Can you help me with my bag?能帮我拿下包吗？help sb. (to) do sth.帮某人做某事help sb. with sth.帮某人某事e.g. Mary always helps me to lear n En glish.Mary always helps

12、with my En glish.3. one of+复数名词 其中之一one of +形容词最高级+复数名词e.g. This is one of my favorite sports.这是我最喜欢的运动之一。This is one of the most in teresti ng books.这是最有趣的书之一。4. have trouble doing sth.做某事有苦难e.g. They had trouble fini shi ng the job.5. It +be+adj.+for sb.to do sth对于某人来说做某事是 .adj.为形容事物属性的形容词e.g. It

13、is dangerous for you to swim in that river.区分：It +be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.表示某人这么做真是太 .了。adj.为形容人的品格的形容词e.g. It is kind of you to help me.6. Thank you very much for your help.非常感谢你的帮助。tha nk sb. for (doi ng) sth.因某事感谢某人e.g. Thank you very much for helping me.7. What'Sor supper?晚饭吃什么？have sth.for

14、breakfast/lu nch/supper 早餐(午餐、晚餐)吃e.g. We had fish for lunch yesterday.& Would you like some soup?尔想要一些汤吗？would like意为 想，想要”与want意义相同，但语气更委婉。would like可与任何人称连用，没有人称和数的变化，肯定句中would常在主语后面缩写为。1. would like sth. 想要“某物 ”。e.g. Would you like a cup of tea? Yes, please. / No, thanks.2. would like to do

15、sth. 想要做某“事 ”。如：e.g. Would you like to go shopping with me? Yes, I ' d like to. / I ' d like to, but I have to do my homework.3. would like sb to do sth 想要某人“做某事 ”。如：e.g. Jim would like his friend to help him with his English. 四、重点语法现在完成时1. for/since already/yet; ever/never 的区另廿(1) . for/sin

16、ce的区别for 后常跟一个 时间段，女口 for three years, for half an hour等。since 作介词，后面可以接一个 时间点，如 since 1980；也可以接“一段时间 +ago”,女口： since three years ago, since two mon ths ago 等;since 还可用作连词，引导一个过去时态的时间状语从句。e.g. We have known each other since we were children.(2) . already/yet 的区别already, “已经”用于肯定句中，可放句首、句中和句尾。yet意为“还

17、，仍”用于否定句或疑问句中，且常放在句尾。e.g. I have already finished my work.I haven'tfinished my work yet.Have you finished you work yet?(3) . ever /never的区别ever意为“曾经”，常用句型Have you ever.?其否定回答常用never。e.g. Have you ever been to Beijing? 否( 定回答)Never.2.结构：have/has+过去分词肯定式：主语+have/has +过去分词e.g. He has read the story

18、 before 他以前读过这个故事。否定式：主语+ have/has +not +过去分词e.g. I haven' t found mlyag.我还没找到我的包。疑问式：Have/Has +主语+过去分词 ？Have you read the book before你以前读过那本书吗？Yes, I have是的，我读过。（肯定回答）No, I have n'.不，还没有。（否定回答）3. 时态意义：（1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在产生的影响或是造成的后果；这时常与already, just, yet等词连用。e.g. He has just gone out.他冈H出

19、去。I have already fini shed my homework.我已经完成我的家庭作业。Have you seen film yet?你看过那部电影了吗？ever当句 表示过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。常与never,等次连用。e.g. He has n ever bee n late for work.他上班从没迟至叽Have you ever climbed that mou ntai n?你爬过那座山吗？Yes, several times.是的，爬过几次。4. 和一般过去式的用法区别这两个时态都说明过去已经发生的事情。现在完成时表示的动作与现在有 关系或对现在有影

20、响；而一般过去只表示过去的的事，与现在没什么联系。 中有明确的过去的时间状语的时候，只能用一般过去时。e.g. I have fini shed the work and I can have a rest now.我完成了工作，现在能休息了。I fini shed my work yesterday.我昨天完成了工作注意： 常和现在完成时利用的时间状语有 lately, recently, in the past few years, these few years, these days, up to now, so far 等，而不能和yesterday, last week, in 2

21、002, three days ago 等表示过去时间的状语连 用。练习一、 单词拼写。1. Eating too much c is bad for your teeth.2. In Japan, some people like eating f fish.3. If you want to keep health, you should form good eating h.4. Chinese food has become p in American in recent years.5. All the w in the restaurant are very kind to cus

22、tomer.6. In China, most people eat with (. 筷子)7. The Europeans usually use a k and a f to eat steak.8. The grapes are 生( 的 ), you had better not eat it.9. We visited Mr. Li yesterday. The h, Mrs. Li, cooked some deliciousfood for us.10. Every child in my family has a (各自的) room.二、 翻译词组。1. 不同的方法 2. 切

23、下 3. 自用 4. 玩得开心 5. 把切成碎片 6.难怪7. 一就 8.以开始二、单项选择( ) 1. The students hurried to school the bell rang.A. until B. as soon as C. ifD. so that() 2. Watching TV too much is not good youreyes.A. for B. to C. onD. at( ) 3. Come on, children. to some fish if you like.A. help themselves B. help yourselfC. help

24、 yourselves D. help themselves( ) 4. I 'm hungry. Let's go to the nearest supermarket some food.A. buy B. to buy C. bought D. have bought( ) 5. She sometimes comes to my house and helps me my English.A. atB. withC. toD. on( ) 6. My teacher us three songs already. She one last week.A. has tau

25、ght; taught B. teaches; teachesC. will teach; has taughtD. taught; taught( ) 7. Where is Tom? Do you know? I think he to the library.A. has gone B.goes C. has been D. went( ) 8. I am afraid your radio is too noisy.Sorry, I 'll .A. turn it off B.turn down itC. turn off itD. turn it on( ) 9. I hav

26、e finished my homework .A. yetB. tooC. alreadyD. then( ) 10. Uncle Wang has worked in this factory ten years ago.A. inB. forC. sinceD. after( ) 11. Zhao Fang already in the school for two years.A. was; studyingB. will studyC. has; studied D. are; studying( ) 12. Did you enjoy at the party, John?A. h

27、imself B. yourselves C. herself D. yourself( ) 13. What about having some coffee?A. Help yourself B. Good ideaC. I wantD. It doesn't matter() 14. Eating too many sweets bad your teeth.A. is; for B. are; forC. is; toD. are; to( ) 15. Chinese like tea anything in it.A. with B. withoutC. hasD. hasn

28、't三、用 already, yet, ever, never, since, fc填空。1. He has worked in that factory it opened 20 years ago.2. I 'm not hungry. I have had breakfast.3. Have you been to the Great Wall? Yes, I have been here twice.4. I have been to Paris, so I want to go there for the first time.5. I have waited for

29、 the bus for half an hour, but it has'nt arrived 6. We have studied English about two years.四、根据中文意思完成句子。 (没空一词)1. 我们彼此认识 10 年了。We each other .2. 他自从离开学校，就在这间工厂工作。He in this factory he school.3. 我已经把书还给图书馆了。I the books to the library.4. 他们从来没见过这么高的房子。They such a high building.5. 汤姆还没完成他的作业。Tom h

30、is homework .附】动词过去式，过去分词的变化一般动词，直接在词尾加以不发音 “ e 结”尾的动词，在词尾加 以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，将 重读闭音节结尾，先双写该辅音字母， 2 、不规则动词：AAA 型ed 。” work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited“ d。”ive-lived-lived ,“ y"变为 “”，再力口 “ ed。” cry-cried-cried 再力口“ ed。” stop-stopped-stopped.1 、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。(1)(2)(3)(4)原型过去式过去分词burstburstburstcast