【2019-2020】高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars(含解析)新必修3

1、1 / 72019-2020】高考英语一轮复习练习题Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars（含解析）新人教版必修3李仕才【阅读理解插花】The more hours young children spend in child care, the more likely they are to turn out aggressiveand disobedient by the time they are in kindergarten, according to the largest study of child care anddevelopment ever

2、conducted. Researchers said this correlation（ 相关性 ） held true regardless ofwhether the children came from rich or poor homes, were looked after by a relative or at a center, andwhether they were girls or boys.What is uncertain, however, is whether the child care actually causes the problem or whethe

3、rchildren likely to turn out aggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care. It alsoremains unclear whether reducing the amount of time in child care will reduce the risk that a child willturn into a mean person. Whats more, quality child care is associated with increased skills in

4、intellectual ability such as language and memory, leading some academics to suggest that child careturns out childr en who are “smart and naughty ”.The government-sponsored research, which has tracked more than 1, 300 children at 10 sitesacross the country since 1991, is bound to cause the debate ov

5、er child care again: How should peoplebalance work and family? And how should parents, especially mothers, resolve the demands that areplaced on them to be both breadwinners and supermoms?That debate was already on display at a new briefing yesterday, where researchers themselveshad different opinio

6、ns about the data and its implications（ 含义）. “There is a constant relationshipbetween time in child care and problem behavior, especially those involving aggression,” saidJay Belsky of Birkbeck College inLondon, one of the lead investigators of the study who has previously annoyed womens groupsbecau

7、se of his criticisms of child care.“On behalf of fathers ormothers? ” interrupted Sarah Friedman, a developmental psychologist at the NationalInstitute of Child Health and Human Development （NICHD） and one of the other leadscientistson the study. “On behalf of parents and families, ” responded Belsk

8、y.2 / 7iScien tists said that the study was highly reliable. But the researchers saidthey had no idea whether the behavioral difficulties persisted as the childrenmovedto higher grades.【文章大意】本文讲述儿童早期在托管所的成长对孩子的心理有负面影响。1. Childre n who spe nd more time in quality child care will_ .A. develop greater

9、ability in Ian guageB. be easy to man age and less n aughtyC. possess great risk-tak ing spiritD. be greedy and mean to their classmates【解析】选 A。细节理解题。根据文章第二段的 What s more, quality child care isassociated with in creased skills.”可知A 项培养更强的语言能力表述正确。2. What is still unknown about the childre n in kin d

10、ergarte n?A. Whether higher level of aggressive ness can be avoided with Ion ger child care.B. Where Ion ger child care equally affects childre n from differe nt families.C. Whether aggressive ness is a direct result of Ion ger child care.D. Whether Ion ger child care improves in tellectual ability

11、in childre n.【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第二段中的What is uncertain, however, is whetherthe child care actually causes the problem or whether childre n likely to turn outaggressive happen to be those who spend more hours in child care.（不确定的是 , 是否托管所真能导致这些问题，以及是否可能有攻击性的孩子刚好是那些在托管所里待时间 长的孩子。）”可知，答案 C（攻击性是否是长时间待在托管所的直

12、接结果。）和上文表述一致,故选 Co3. In the fifth paragraph the word“it ” probably means “_” .B. NICHD is willi ng to give policy advice concerning child careC. the number of hours in child care should be reduced significantly3 / 7D. parents should discipline the behavior of their children more strictly【解析】 选 C。 词义

13、猜测题。 根据上文 Jay Belsky 的观点There is a constant relationship between timein child care and problem behavior, especially those involvingaggression, ”(托管时间和问题行为有特定的联系，特别是涉及攻击性方面)。故这里的it 指的是“托管时间应该减少”。I教材与语法填空根据教材课文内容，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The earth was just a cloud of dust after the“ Big Bang ” . The

14、earth exploded1. (loud) with fire and rock. They were in time 2. (produce) many things,which were to make the earth s atmosphere. As the earth cooled down, water beganto appear on its surface. It allowed the earth to dissolve 3. (harm) gases. _Then life bega n to develop.The first extremely small pl

15、ants multiplied and filled the oceans and seas 4.oxyge n. This en couraged the 5. (develop) of early shellfish and fish. Landani mals such as in sects,reptiles and dino saurs 6. (appear) after gree n pla ntsappeared. Small clever ani mals spread all over the earth. They 7. (put) too _much carb on di

16、oxide in to the atmosphere , 8. preven ts heat from escap ing from the earth intospace.9. (solve)_答案：l.loudly 2.to produce 3.harmful 4.with5. development 6.appeared 7.are putting& which 9.Whether 10.be solvedn教材与话题写作(I)用本单元所学知识完成下列句子。1 .我们能否登上火星依赖于科学技术的发展。(land ; depend on)答案:Whether we can land

17、 on Mars depends on the development of scienee and tech no logy.2 .火星上没有氧气，昼夜温差大，这使我们不能生活在那里。(make it +adj.)答案： There is no oxyge n on Mars and the temperature cha nges greatly from day tonight , and this makes it impossible for us to live there.3.火星与地球环境完全不同。(be differe nt from)答案： The environment

18、of Mars is quite differe nt from that of our earth.4.如果我们想到火星上住些日子，我们要带上氧气、食物、衣服等。(take along.with)答案：If we want to stay on Mars for a few days , we should take along our own oxygen, food , clothingand so on with us.5.我坚信不久的将来我们一定能成功地登上火4 / 7星。(succeed in doi ng)答案：I firmly believe that we will succ

19、eed in landing on Mars in the near future.(n)将以上句子连成短文，要求衔接连贯、过渡自然。【完形填空插花】阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的 最佳选项。I lived in Dallas , Texas nearly all mylife with mydad, momand younger brother.We were raised to_1_ others ，value education，and get all that we could out of life.My parents alw

20、ays say ，“Work_2_ and the world is yours. ” They are _3_ withouta helpful word of_4_ or a bit of en courageme nt whe n life gets_5_._My parents always _6 _me to go to college.However, when I_7_ at 16 years old that rd ratherget married to a man _8_ go to college， they never stoppedtelli ng me they l

21、oved me and I could do anything I wan ted to.Tha nkfully， theypersuaded me.I graduated from high school and curre ntly _9_ the Uni versity ofOklahoma studying medicine.l want to make the world a_10_ place to_ live in.Every time I call home to tell them about a grade received in the chemistry lab or_

22、11_ class it isthat rm working hardest on for the moment， they tell me how_12_ of me they are.I know there are college kids out there that have no one to _13_ home to whenthey get an “A” on a project and I feel incredibly_14_ to havemy pare nts.They never_15_oving me or believi ng in me.Pare nts are

23、 the best gift that God gives me._16_ their consta nt love anden courageme nt， I would nt believe I can _17_ the world.My pare nts _18_ me to _ always fightfor what I _19_ in .So rmworki ng towardsomethi ng really great andcan only hope I_20_to make them proud.1. A.inspireB. respectC. guideD.follow2

24、. A.hardB.solidlyC. attentivelyD.in tellige ntly3. A.sometimesB.any timeC. everD.never5 / 74. A.methodB.adviceC. educationD.in troducti on5. A.toughB.smooth6 / 7CbrightD happy6 A.remindedB supposedCdesignedD expected7 A.decidedB hesitatedCjudgedD remembered8 A.butBandCthanD while9 A.joinedB attended

25、CservedD admittedB suitableC peacefulD better11 A.wheneverB whicheverC whereverD however12 A.ashamedB nervousC proudD modest13 A.goBrunC returnDcall14 A.blessedB annoyedC praisedD relaxed15 A.stoppedB helpedC blamedD prevented16A.WithB WithoutC UnderD Beneath17 A.changeB destroyC conquerD challenge1

26、8 A.forcedB orderedC allowedD taught19 A.enjoyB workC believeD live20 A.wantBwishC haveD continue【解题导语】爸爸、妈妈、弟弟和“我”住在达拉斯，父母教育我们要尊重别人，重视 教育，他们的爱和鼓励对“我”意义重大。1B 根据全文内容可知， 父母教育我们要尊重别人， 重视教育。 respect 意为“尊敬， 尊重”，符合语境。7 / 72 A 父母总是教育我们：“努力工作，世界就是你们的。”故选A。3 D 当生活变得艰难时，父母总会给我们有益的建议或一些鼓励。 never without 为 双重否定

27、，表示肯定的意思。4 B 参见上题解析。 a helpful word of advice表示“有用的建议”。5A 参见 3 题解析。 tough “艰难的，艰苦的”。6 D 根据该段中的“ Thankfully, they persuaded me ”可知，父母一直期望“我” 上大学并最终说服了“我”。 expect “期望，期待”。7A 根据下文父母对“我”的劝说可知， 16 岁时“我”决定 (decided) 结婚而不是上 大学。8 C 16 岁时“我”决定结婚而不是上大学。 would rather.than.为固定用法，表示宁愿.而不愿.”。9 B 根据文中的“ they persu

28、ad ed me.I graduated from high schooland.medicine ”可知， “我”高中毕业后上了一所大学。 attend 意为“经常去， 定期去 ( 学 校、教堂等 )”。10 D 根据文中的“ the University of Oklahoma studying medicine ”可知，“我” 主修医学，想让这个世界成为更好的 (better) 可供人们生活的地方。11 B 每次当“我”打电话告诉他们“我”在实验室里的成绩或是“我”当时正努力 学习的任何一门课程时，他们会告诉“我”他们以“我”为傲。 whichever class 意为“无论哪一门课”。

29、12. C 父母以“我”取得的成绩而自豪。be proud of 为固定用法，意为“以自豪”。13. D “我”知道有的大学生在得到一个“ A”时，因没家人所以无法打电话回家。故选 D。14. A 和那些得了“ A”却没有家人可告知的冋学相比，“我”有这样的父母是非常有福的。 blessed 意义“有福的”。15A 父母从不停止对“我”的爱，从不停止对“我”的信赖。stop doing sth. “停 止做某事”。16B 没有 (Without) 父母持续不断的爱和鼓励， “我”不可能相信“我”能改变世界。17 A 参见上题解析。故选 A。18 D 父母一直教育 (taught) “我”去为“我”认为对的事而奋斗。19C 参见上题解析。 believe in sth. “认为某事好 ( 或对、可接受 ) ”，符合语境。20 D“我”会继续努力，希望父母继续为“我”感到自豪。 continue to do sth.表示“继续做某事”，为固定用法。8 / 7川下面是李华的一篇作文，文中有五处错误，改正错误并背诵该文。Whether we