than的用法详解

1、全面解析than得用法、more/ less/ adj+er than注：此分析未包括as/like主语比较1、1 than前若有宾语，则其后得助词需补出，时态要据后定。主语相同可1、The pay of senior executives in creased in 1990 by a larger p erce ntage tha n did the wages of other salaried workers、2、As a result of the con ti nuing decli ne in the birth rate, fewer people will en ter th

2、e labor force in the 1980 s than did in the 1960s and 1970 s, a twe nty-year p eriod duri ng which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers、（主语people相同且无定语成分则省之，但 did不能省）3、Several studies have found that the coronary p atie nts who exercise most actively are at least fifty p erce nt le

3、ss likely tha n those who are sede ntary to die of a heart attack、（主语相同且有定语成分，必须要 that/those来指代）1、2 than前只有BE + ADJ则其后得主语无须补助词。1、Even though Bela Bartok s music has proved less popular than Igor Strav insky s and less in flue ntial tha n Arnold Schon berg s, it is no less imp orta nt、2、In 1982 the m

4、edia n in come for married-co up le families with a wage-ear ning wife was $9,000 more tha n that for families in which only the husba nd was empio yed、1、3 than前有两个动词，比较主语无须补助词。1、A study commissi oned by the Dep artme nt of Agriculture showed that if calves exercise and associate with other calves,

5、they have require less medicati on and gain weight more quickly tha n those raised in confin eme nt、than后名词前得介词要补出1、Agi ng is a prop erty of all ani mals that reach a fixed size at maturity, and the variati ons in life spans among differe nt sp ecies are far greater tha n those among in dividuals of

6、 the same sp ecies: a fruit fly is an cie nt at 40 days, a mouse at 3 years, a horse at 30, a man at 100, and some tortoises at 150 介宾得比较。2、The in vestor who is un certa in about the future is more likely to put money into blue-chi p stocks or treasury bills tha n into gold、3、Nowhere in P rakta is t

7、he in flue nee of moder n Euro pean architecture more apparent than in its government buildings、（倒装句）4、The huma n growth horm one, made by the p ituitary gla nd, is secreted in higher concen trati ons duri ng slee p tha n duri ng wak ing hours、宾语比较，一般加that/those1、In additi on to hav ing more p rotei

8、n tha n wheat does, rice has p rotein of higher quality tha n that in wheat, with more of the ami no acids esse ntial to the human diet、（B-p106-19） 宾语补语，比较结构修饰宾语，无须补出助词1、In his eager ness to find a city worthy of P riam, the Germa n archaeologist Schliema nn cut through Troy and un covered a civiliz

9、ati on a thousa nd years more ancient than the city known to Homer s heroes2、Domestic automobile manufacturers have invested millions of dollars in research to devel op cars eve n more gasoli ne-efficie nt tha n those at p rese nt on the road、3、The man was always aware, sometimes p roudly and someti

10、mes rese ntfully, that he was a small-tow n Midwester ner thrust into a world domin ated by wealthier, better-educated, and more p olished people tha n he、4、Bihar is In dia s state, with an annual p erca pita in come of $111 lower tha n that of the most impoverished countries of the world、5、Florida

11、will gain ano ther quarter-milli on jobs this year alone, many of them in such high-paying fields as electronics and banking, making the state s economy far more diversified tha n it was ten years ago （需要解释）(5) likely引导得表语比较1、 St、 Joh n s , Newfo un dla nd, lies on the same latitude as P aris, Fran

12、ce, but in spring St、 Johns residents are less likely to be sitting at outdoor cafes than to be brac ing themselves aga inst arctic chills, shoveli ng snow, or seek ing shelter from a raging n ortheast storm、2、Accord ing to a rece nt study, the elderly in the Un ited States are four times more likel

13、y to give regular finacial aid to their children than to receive it from them、(6)宾语+介词混合结构:1、 Although Napoleon s army entered Russia with far more supplies than for any p revious camp aig n, it had pro visi ons for only twen ty-four days、2、Once po siti oned in sp ace, the Hubble Sp ace Telesc ope w

14、ill cap ture light from source twenty times fai nter tha n those that can be detected by groun d-based in strume nts、句子得比较1、 In Japan elderly people are treated with far greater resp ect tha n they are in most Wester n coun tries、2、For many travelers, charter vacati ons ofte n turn out to cost con s

15、iderablymore tha n they origi nally seemed、3、Holla nd spends a larger p erce ntage of its gross n ati onal p roduct on defe nding its coasts from risi ng seas tha n the Un ited States does on military defense、句子比较4、Two new studies in dicate that many people become obese more because their bodies bur

16、n calories too slowly tha n because they eat too much5、 Dr、Hakuta s research among His pan ic childre n in the Un ited States in dicates that the more the childre n use both Spanish and En glish, the greater their in tellectual adva ntage in skills un derly ing readi ng ability and nonv erbal logic

17、(B-p106-7)(8) tha n ever, tha n an tic ip ated/ estimated 1、 The report on the gross national productthe nation s total production of goods and services- showed that sec on d-quarter in flati on was somewhat lower than p reviously estimated and that the sav ings rate was slightly higher2、 The finan

18、cial crash of October 1987 dem on strated that the world s cap ital markets are more closely in tegrated tha n ever before and that eve nts in one part of the global village may be tran smitted to the rest of the village almost in sta ntan eously、(9) more than, less than 及其她。9、1视同副词1、Foun ded in 198

19、3, the magaz ine has since more tha n doubled its circulati on and its advertis ing、2、 The nu mber of un dergraduate degrees in engin eeri ng awarded by colleges and uni versities in the Un ited States more tha n doubled from 1978 to 19853、Degler does more tha n merely summarize existi ng research;

20、he con structs a cohere nt p icture of two cen turies of studies deali ng with the cha nging roles of wome n、4、A Labor Dep artme nt study states that the nu mber of wome n empio yed outside the home in creased by more tha n thirty-five p erce nt in the p ast decade and acco un ted for more tha n six

21、ty-two p erce nt of the total growth in the civilia n work force、5、Less detrime ntal tha n the effects of bacterial tran sformatio n are the effects of bacterial deteriorati on: sp oilage of food, corrosi on of metals, decay of wood, and other un desirable alter nati ons of substa nces、6、No less rem

22、arkable tha n the devel opment of the compact disc has bee n the use of the new tech no logy to revitalize, in better sound tha n was ever before po ssible, some of the classic recorded p erforma nces of the p re-L P era7、 Eve n though the direct costs of mal practice dis pu tes amoun ted to less th

23、a n one p erce nt of the $541 billi on the n atio n spent on health care last year, doctors say fear of lawsuits pl ays a major role in health-care in flati on、8、 With total sales of less tha n three hun dred thousa nd dollars and fewer new subscribers tha n last year, the New En gla nd Theatre Comp

24、any is in dan ger of los ing its build ing、9、2视同形容词9、No less an authority tha n Walter Cron kite has rep orted that half of allAmerica ns n ever read a book10、 IRS pro visi on 354-B requires that an S corpo rati on with assets of greater than $200,000 send W-2 forms to its full-a nd p art-time empio

25、 yees on or before Jan 31、(10)插入语1、 The visit ing p harmacologists con cluded that the p rese nt amalgam of Chin ese and Wester n medic ine is p robably as good as, or better tha n, any other system that might be devised for the p atie nts treated at the Nan Kai hos pital in Tian-jing、2、The use of c

26、hemical p esticides in this country is as exte nsive as it was ten years ago, if not more so二、非比较，但与比较相关:1、 Accord ing to surveys by the Nati onal In stitute on Drug Abuse, about 20 p erce nt of young adults used coca ine in 1979, twice the nu mber rep orted in the 1977 survey、同位语2、 Of the twin supe

27、rno vas, the more rece ntly discovered it the larger, but it is the smaller one that has irrevocably altered astro no mists ideas about the orig ins of the uni verse、than常见语法难点讲解Than在不同情况下得用法、后接人称代词用主格还就是宾格由于than既可用作连词也可用作介词，所以当后接人称代词时，可用主格也可 用宾格。通常认为在正式文体中多用主格，在口语或非正式文体中多用宾语。如:Everyo ne here is tal

28、ler than I me、这儿得每一个人都比我高。Her sister swims faster than she her她姐姐游泳比她快。但就是，若人称代词之后跟有动词，则只能用主格。如:Every one here is taller than I am 这儿得每一个人都比我高。注意：有时用主格或宾格会导致意思得变化。比较:I love you more tha n he (likes you) 我比她更爱您。I love you more than (he likes) him 我爱您胜过爱她。二、后接动词用不定式还就是动名词1、当连接两个非谓语动词时，诵常应使用一样得形式。如:It

29、is much easier to get into debt tha n to get out of it、借债容易还债难。He likes playing chess more than watching TV 与瞧电视相比，她更喜欢下棋。比较:He thinks it is safer to drive himself than (to) let me drive 、 =He thinks that driving himself is safer than lett ing me drive、她认为她自己开车比让我开车要更安全些。2、若不就是连接两个非谓语动词，则其后出现得动词通常用动

30、名词形式（虽然也可用不定式，但不如用动名词普通）。如：There are worse calamities than failing your driving test 比起您驾驶考试不合格来 说，更大得灾难还多着呢。Nothi ng gives me more pl easure tha n liste ning to Mozart 再没有比听莫扌 L特得乐 曲更让我高兴得事了。Noth ing is more unp leasa nt tha n finding to find in sects in your bath、最使人不快得就是在浴室里发现有虫子。三、引导比较状语从句得时态问题若

31、than引导得比较状语从句与主句动作不一致，可以根据情况使用适当得时态 形式。如：He drives faster tha n he did a year ago 她开车比一年以前快了。The house is rather bigger than we thought 这所房子比我们想得大得多。若主句为将来时,than引导得从句可用现在时态表示将来，也可直接使用将来 时态。如：Wel probably drive faster than you do will、 我们开车可能会比您们快。四、引导比较状语从句得倒装问题than引导比较状语从句时，从句语序通常不需倒装，但在正式文体中，有时也 可

32、倒装。如：City dweller has a higher death rate tha n country people does =City dweller has a higher death rate than does country people 城市居民死亡率比 农村居民咼。五、引导比较状语从句且在从句中充当成分有时可引导一个从句并在从句中充当句子成分 （主语、宾语、表语），为便于理解, 有时可视为than后省略了 what:We don twa nt to do more tha n is n ecessaryt 我们不想做不必要得事情。The pain was almost

33、 more tha n he could beat 这样得痛苦几乎使她受不了。Shenot a very good manager she always spends more money than she earn、她 不大会理财一一总就是入不敷出。Life here is much easier than it used to be 如今在此地生活比起从前可舒服多了。比较下面一句，than后得expected为省略结构:He retur ned three days earlier tha n (he was) expected 她回来得比预料得要早三 天。六、后接时间或条件状语从句若语义

34、需要，有时其后可接when引导得时间状语从句 以及L引导得条件状语从 句。如：You are a little fatter than whe n I saw you last 您比我上次见您时胖点了。Joe carries only nine pounds more than when he was twenty 乔比她 20 岁时只重 了九磅。They work better together than if they are alone、 她们一起干比她们单干效果要 好。七、同质比较还就是异质比较than通常用于两个不同得人或物在同一方面进行比较，但有时指得可能就是同 _ 一个人或物在两

35、个不同得方面进行比较，此时只用于 moretha n结构，而不 能用-erthan得形式(即使就是单音节也就是如此)，这类结构通常可译为“与其不如”“有无”。如：Hesmore fat than short、与其说她矮不如说她胖。They are more brave tha n wise 她们有勇无谋。If we tell him about it, it may do more harm tha n good、 倘若我们把情况告诉她, 那可能弊多利少。八、与never (a)连用时如何理解有时than 与带有 never (a) 得比较级结构连用，表示强调，通常表示最高级得含 义。如：I

36、e n ever had a worse morni ng tha n today 我哪一天早上也不像今天早上这样倒 霉。若意思明确，有时可省略 than 结构。如:He is fin e, never better、她很好，比以往任何时候都好。Ie n ever see n a finer bird 我从未见过比这更美得鸟。Ie never fou nd a better job、这就是我找到得最好得工作。九、than any other后接名词用单数还就是复数than any other后接名词时通常用单数形式，很少用复数。如:He swims faster than any other

37、student in his class 她比班上得其她任何学生都游 得快。More heat is lost through the head tha n any other part of the body、 从头部散发得 热量比身体得其她任何部位都多。十、几组容易理解出错得than习语1、“ no +比较级+than”与“ not +比较级+than”(1) “ no +比较级+than” 用于否定两者，表示“与一样不”，其义大致相当于其中形容词或副词得反义词用于 asas结构。如：He is no richer than a beggar =He is as poor as a beg

38、gar 她穷如乞丐。This one is no better than that one、=This one is as bad as that one 这个与那个一 样不好。“ not +比较级+than ”得意思就是“不比更”“不如”。如:He is n ot richer than you 她不如您富有。This one is not better tha n that one、 这个不如那个好。2、no less than, no less、than 与 not less than(1) no less than有两个意思：一就是表示“多达”“有 之多”，强调数量之 多；二就是表示“简直”“与没有差别”。如：We walked no less tha n three miles 我们走了三英里之远。We won no less than 50