(完整版)广州版英语八年级下册Unit4讲义

1、Unit 4 Cartoons and comic strips一、短语归纳：ic strip 连环漫画2.pop out 张大，睁大3.decide on 决定4.video camera 摄像机5.play against 同 比赛6.weather forecast 天气预报7.thank goodness 谢天谢地8.make it 获得成功9.think of 考虑，想起，记得What do you think of .？10.have a good idea有个好主意11.think about 思考，考虑12.add.to.把 添加到 13.sound effects 音响效果1

2、4.at the underground station 在地铁站15.look like 看上去像16.put.together 把 放在一起17.the same as与 相同18.be different from 与 不同19.a pair of 一双20.at the top of 在 顶部21.look out=take care=be careful 当心22.pick up 捡起23.in trouble 在困境中二、重点词汇：1.appear+(to be )+adj.She appears (to be) happy at the news她.听到这个消息时显得很开心。ap

3、pear +to do sthYou appear to travel quite a lot. 你好像走过很多地方。2. a bit of = a little3.be ready to do sth.be/get ready for sth.4.the same as和 一样be different from和 不同5.look,sound,taste,smell,feel 连系动词后接形容词作表语。6. in trouble 在困境中1)sb. have trouble with sb./sth某.人 /某物有毛病I have trouble with my car.2) have tr

4、ouble/difficulty in doing sth. 做某事麻烦7.succeed in doing 做成某事8.laugh at sb.嘲笑某人9.tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人做某事10.be used to do 被用来做used to do 过去常常做be used to doing 习惯于做三、知识点讲解与拓展：1. character： n. 人物、角色Yue Fei is a great historical character.2. think of 考虑、思考Im thinking of going

5、to Paris for vacation.拓展： think of ：想起、记起I cantthink of his name.think of ：对 有某种看法，常用于“ What do you think of ”句型中 What do you think of the book？3. add to & add toaddadd toto把 加到 上添加，增添（欢乐、困难等抽象名词）Please add some salt to the water.Do you have anything to add to the list?4. record v. 录音Ive recorde

6、d the whole concert.拓展： record n. 记录 set the record创造记录 break the record打破记录 hold the record 保持记录5. decide on 决定、选定What made you decide on Plan A?6. basic adj. 基础的，基本的拓展： base basis (n.)基础 basic (adj.)基本的 basically (adv,)基本上7. Here it is.以 here 和 there 开头的句子，若后面的主语为人称代词，主谓不倒装；若后面的主语为名词，主谓倒装。Here you

7、 are.给你。Here comes the bus.公共汽车来了。8.forget v. 忘记forget to doforget doing忘记要做某事（动作没发生）忘记做过某事（动作已发生）Iforget to turnoffthelight.I forget opening the door.9. look like 看上去像Tom looks like his father.拓展：提问长相： What do/ dose sb. look like? 提问性格： What is sb. like?10. appear v. 显得，看来，似乎A woman suddenly appear

8、ed in the doorway.拓展： appear （to be） + adj./ n.She appears (to be) happy at the news.appear to do sth.You appear to travel quite a lot.11. a little & a bit1) 两者都可以作副词用，用来修饰形容词（原级或比较级） ，或动词。Im a little/ bit hungry.2) 用作形容词做定语时， a little 修饰不可数名词，而 a bit 后面加 of 再加不可数名词。Theres a little water.= There

9、s a bit of water.12. be ready to do sth. 已完成某事，准备好做某事The contract will be ready to sign in two weeks.拓展： be/ get ready for sth. 为 做好准备Are you ready for your teast?13. as well as 并且，还。用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。She is clever as well as beautiful.14. how to do 疑问词 + to doI dontknow how to do it.拓展

10、： what to do 做什么where to go 去哪里why to do 为什么做15. Dont+动词原形 .否定祈使句，意为“不要 ，禁止 ”Dontplay jokes on me, will you?中考 链接-I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you?-I haventdecided where _.A. goB. wentC. goingD. to go16. the same as和 一样The twins look the same as each other.拓展： be different

11、from与 不同考点结合 London was different _ most European capitals.London was not _ _ _ most European capitals同.(义句转换 )17. look 连系动词，意为“看起来，看上去” ，厚街形容词作表语。Alice looks happy today.拓展：连系动词还有： be(是 ), look( 看起来 ), feel(摸上去 ), seem(似乎是 ), appear(似乎、显得 ), prove(证明是 ), smell(闻起来 ), taste(尝起来 ), sound(听起来 ), turn,

12、 get, become(三个变得 )等18. Let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事在 let 引导的祈使句中， sb 可以是名词，也可以说代词的宾格。Let him go.let 是使役动词，常用的使役动词还有：make，have，leave 等。考点结合 : They made me repeat the story.改(成被动态 )_.19. a pair of+ 不可数名词 / 可数名词的复数a pair of shoes20. look out= pay attention to 当心、注意 Look out！ There is a car coming！拓展： look o

13、ut of 向外看 She stopped writing and looked out of the window.21. pick up 捡起，拾起She pick up a flower on the road.拓展： pick up sth. 捡起某物，当 sth.是人称代词的宾格时，放在pick 之后，如： pick it up 。当 sth.是名词时，可以放在 pick up 中间或 up 之后，如： pick the pen up= pick up the pen。22. in trouble 在困境中Hes in trouble, lets help him.拓展：与troub

14、le 相关的短语：get into trouble 惹上麻烦have trouble（in）doing sth.做某事有困难23. success n. 成功I wish you success with your studies.拓展： succeed v. 成功。 succeed in doing sth.successful adj. 成功的。His business is successful.24. 1) tell sb sth. 告诉某人某事He told me the reason. 改(成被动句 )_. ( I作主语 )_. ( the reason作主语 )2) tell s

15、b. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事The teacher told him to clean the classroom.改(成被动句 )_.tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不做某事He told us not to buy clothes in this store.25. laugh at 嘲笑Dontlaugh at him, please.练习：1.What do you _ your hometown? It is very beautiful. I love it very much.A. look atB. talk aboutC. think o

16、fD. think over2.When I was in the supermarket, I forgot _ money with me.A.to takeB.to takingC. takingD. bringing3.Could you give me some advice? Idontknow _. Why dontyou wear this red shirt?A.when to wearB.what to wearC.how to wear D.where to wear4.Most of my classmatesdontlike to talk to teir paren

17、ts, but I am _ them.A.different fromB.surprised atC. the same asD. proud of5. Wheresyour ticket? Show _ , please.A.me itB.it meC.me to itD.it to me6.-Tom, _ read books while you are walking in the streetIt. svery dangerous. -OK, thank you.A. dontB. doesntC. wontD. cant7.He _ a piece of waste paper,

18、and put it into the rubbish bag.A. picked up B. threw away C. looked for D. handed in8. I tsure our football team will _ this match.We rethe best.A. win B. failC. lose D. beat情态动词9. Our teacher often tells us _ in the riverIt. sdangerous.A. dontswimB. not swimC. not to swimD. not swimming10. Thanks

19、to the Internet, different kinds of information _ in a short time.A.can be learnedB.has been learnedC.can learnD.has learned四、语法被动语态（2）一 . 概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。二 . 主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换Wevisitedthat factorylast summer主动语态主语谓语宾语状语That factorywas visitedby uslast summer被动语态主语谓语宾语状语三 . 各种不同时态的主动语态与被动语态的

20、对比时态主动语态一般现在时（1） Do they speak French ?am / is / are + P.P.（2） They dont use the room .一般过去时（ 1） The hunter killed a tiger .was / were + p.p.（ 2） He wrote many stories last year .现在进行时(1)These workers are building a new bridge.am / is / are +being +p.p.（2） He is mending his car .过去进行时(1)He was selli

21、ng books .was / were + being + p.p.(2)They were discussing the plan at that time .现在完成时(1)She has learned many English words.have / has + been + p. p.(2)He has finished the work.过去完成时(1)They has solved the problem .had + been + p.p.(2)We had told him the news by then .一般将来时（ 1） I shall make a plan .

22、shall / will be + p.p.(2)They are going to fix the radio in an hour.过去将来时（ 1） He told me they would paint the room .would be + p.p.（ 2） They were going to put on a play thewas/ were going to be +next week .p.p.被动语态Is French spoken by them?The room isn t used by them.A tiger was killed by the hunter.

23、Many stories was written by him last year.A new bridge is being built by these workers.His car is being mended by him .Books were being built by him .The plan was being discussed by them at that time .Many English words have been learned by her .The work has been finished by him .The problem had bee

24、n solved by them .The news had been told to him by us .A plan will be made by me .The radio is going to be fixed by them in an hour.He told me the room would be painted by them.A play was going to be put by them the next week.can / may / must / should+ be + p.p.四 . 如何正确使用被动语态（ 1） We should hand in o

25、ur homework .Our homework should be handed in by us.（ 2 ） You must answer the question inThe question must be answered in English by you .English .1. 有些动词带有两个宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语，变被动语态时，可把其中一个宾语变成主语，另一个留在被动结构谓语后面。需要注意的是：若把直接宾语变成被动语态的主语，需要在间接宾语之间加上介词“to”。eg. He often tells us interesting stories .（主动语态）We a

26、re often told interesting stories by him.（被动语态）Interesting stories are often told to us by him.常带双宾语的词有：tell , show , lend , pass, send 等。2. 在主动语态中，某些动词之后带有复合宾语，即宾语和宾语补足语，略，但在被动语态中，这个to 还要还原。eg. I often hear her sing this popular song .（主动语态）这个复合宾语由动词不定式来充当，to 被省宾语宾语补足语复合宾语She is often heard to sing

27、 this popular song . （被动语态） 有这种用法的常用动词有：make , let , see , hear , watch , feel , notice 等。3. 有些 “ be +过去分词” 的结构并不是被动语态，它们可能是 “系表结构 （即系动词之后由过去分词来充当表语）。”The door is closed.门是关着的。 ( 系表结构 )比较： 1.这个门是由冯平来关的。被动语态)The door is closed by Fengping .(The glassis broken .这个玻璃杯是坏的 。系表结构)(2.这个玻璃杯是玛丽弄坏的。 被动语态)The

28、glass was broken by Mary .(4. 只有及物动词和可接宾语的 (动词 +介词 )词组才可以有被动语态, 如 look after 。Great changeshave taken place in China .(正确 )eg：Great changeshave been taken place in China . ( 错误 )The dolphin disappeare in the deepsea.(正确 )The dolphin was disappeare in the deepsea.( 错误 )五、不能用被动语态的情况1) 主动形式表示被动意义。某些感官系

29、动词动词接形容词可以表示被动意义，如：look ， smell，taste， feel， sound 等。eg： Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.语法练习：1.The mobile phone has influenced people s life a lot since it _.A. inventsB. inventedC. is inventedD. was invented2.This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well.A. sellsB. sellC. is sold

30、D. are sold3.The sports meeting _next month.A. will holdB. is going to holdC. will be held4.Excuse me. I'm looking for Be the Best of Yourself.Sorry. The book you ask for_ out.A. is sellingB. is soldC. was sellingD. will be sold5.Annie _ to the party. She had a wonderful time with us.A. invitesB

31、. is invitedC. was invitedD. has invited6.Many houses _ in the earthquake of April 20, 2013 in Ya an.A. is destroyedB. are destroyedC was destroyedD. were destroyed7. Han Han s books are popular. They _ by many teenagers.A. is readB. was readC. are readD. were read8. Teenagers _allowed to drive.9. A

32、t present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups. More chances _ to students to learn from each other.A. offerB. are offeredC. have offeredD. are offering10. I want to borrow the book, but I don t know how long it mayFor two. weeks.A. keepB. be borrowedC. borrowD. be kept11. Many trees

33、_ on the streets every years. So the air is very fresh now.A. plantB. are plantedC. plantedD. were planted12. Didn't you see the sign "No Parking!" on the right?Sorry, I didn't. But now I know parking_ here.A. wasn't allowedB. isn't allowedC. won't allowD. doesn't a

34、llow13. From May 6, pedestrians(行人 ) _10 yuan if they run red lights, according to Beijing traffic authorities.A. will fineB. were finedC. are fineD. will be fined14.What languages _ in that country'?German and EnglishA. are speakingB. are spokenC. speakD. is spoken15. A year has four seasons an

35、d it _ twelve different star signs.A. divided intoB. is dividing intoC.divided intoD is divided into16. The child without parents _ good care of by his teachers in this special school.A. is takenB. are takenC. takeD. takes17. Clark, your room is really in a mess. It needs Sorry, mum. I'll do it

36、at once.A. cleanB. cleanedC. to cleanD. to be cleaned18. “ Frog，” Mo Yan's latest novel, please! Sorry, it _ just now. But it will come out again soon.A. sold outB. is sold outC. has sold outD. was sold out19. Do you know Earth Day?Sure. Itin 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.A. sets upB. se

37、t upC. is set upD. was set up20A lot of trees _around here every year， and we can enjoy fresher air nowAwere plantedB are plantedCwill plantD a完型填空There was a bridge over the river._1_often took some parts away. So Mr White , a farmer offifty-two, _2_to watch it .He had neither wife nor children and

38、 lived in the house _3_the bridge . Heworked hard and always got up several times at night. So it was much _4_than before.Once the old man _5_to his sister birthday party. He asked two days leave and went there. He_6_much that day and fell to sleep as soon as the _7_was over. His sister had to carry

39、 him to a room with her husband. At midnight he _8_. He forget where he was and went out to see if the bridgewas all right. But he didn t9_ it. He was surprised and told the police station about it on the_10_.Later on he forgot what _11_ that night and he returned to his house the following afternoo

40、n.When he saw the bridge , he_12_ it all. He hurried to ring up the police station again and told them the bridge wasn t _13_.“ It s too lateMr ,Wh ite , ” said the officer .“ We _14_ the罪犯criminal)lastnight( . The judgesentenced（判决） him to ten years in prison this _15_!”() 1. A.EverybobyB. Someboby

41、C. NobodyD. Anybody() 2. A. toldB. hopedC. was toldD. was hoped() 3. A. aboveB. onC. underD .at an end of() 4.A. safeB. saferC. importantD. more important() 5. A. madeB .was madeC. askedD. was asked() 6.A. drankB. smokedC. talkedD. played() 7.A. classB. lessonC. dinnerD. meeting() 8.A. woke upB. sto

42、od upC. sat down D. lay down() 9.A touchB. findC. hearD. build() 10. A. letterB. reportC. telephoneD. exercise()11. A. happenedB. wasC. worriedD. looked() 12 A. sawB. watchedC. saidD. remembered()13. A. brokenB. lostC. mendedD. hurt()14. A. missedB. killedC. knewD. caught() 15. A. morningB. eveningC

43、. weekD. month阅读理解AWhen people talk about air pollution, they usually think of smog, acid rain ( 酸性雨 ), and other forms of outdoor air pollution. But did you know that air pollution also exists inside homes, offices, hotels and other buildings? The air in your home can be 2 to 100 times more pollute

44、d than the air outdoors! In fact, some American doctors say that 50% of illnesses have something to do with polluted indoor air.Air pollution influences our health in many ways. Young children and the old often suffer more from air pollution. People with health problems may also suffer more when the

45、 air is polluted. Indoor air pollution can harm people's eyes, nose and throat. Air pollution, both indoor and outdoor, can also lead to lung cancer, heart disease, and even harm to the brain! In the great London fog in 1952, 4,000 people died in a few daysbecause of air pollution! It is said th

46、at half a million young kids and women die each year in India because of indoor air pollution!There're many ways to reduce indoor air pollution. Here are some of them and see if they can help you： Increase the amount of outdoor air coming indoors and open your windows for 15 to 30 minutes eachda

47、y. Turn off all the lights and fans when you don't need them. Share your room with others when the air conditioner is running. Don't smoke and try to stop your family members and relatives from smoking. People who smokeare going to have trouble breathing and even die someday. If you're s

48、mart, don't ever start. Environment-friendly products, such as water-based paints pollute less and work just as well.1.According to the passage,is more serious in the writer s opinion.A. outdoor air pollutionB. indoor air pollutionC. noise pollutionD. water pollution2.Air pollution can do harm t

49、o people's _.A. throatB. lungC. brainD. above all3.How many ways does the writer list in the passage?A. Four.B. Five.C. Six.D. Seven.4.Which is NOT the right way to reduce indoor air pollution?A. Open the windows for fifteen to thirty minutes each day to let the fresh air in.B. Turn off the ligh

50、t when you don't need them.C. Don't smoke and stop others from smoking.D. Don't use water-based paints because they can pollute air.5. We can infer from the passage that _. A. acid rain isn't a form of outdoor air pollutionB. air pollution is not good for people's health, but it

51、can't cause deathC. we should share the room when we turn on the air conditioner D. environment -friendly products pollute moreBIf you watch the sky about an hour after the sun goes down, you may see some“ movingthey aren t really stars. They re satellites. And the biggest of all is the International Space Station(ISSThe ISS is the biggest satellites because scientists want to live on it. They think that the best way to learn more about space is to live there.When the space station is finished, it will be like a cit