(完整)初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

1、1名词（课时:2 ）一介绍名词含义: 名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二名词的分类：专有名词( 人名，地名，机构 )William ，Linda, Canada ，China ， the United Nations, WTO普通名词可数名词 :包括 单数 ( 只有一个 ) 和 复数 ( 两个以上 ).不可数名词 : 只有单数 .物质名词milk ， water ， tea ， bread ， beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee， sugar ，salt抽象名词information， friendship， knowledge ， work ， advice

2、， science,news,weather三重点 :单数名词变 复数名词 的规则：1.一般情况下，加“s” . eg: books ， stamps ， pens ， tables2.以“ s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加“ es”eg: buses ， boxes ， foxes ， watches ， matches ， beaches ， coaches, brushes3. 以 “ o ” , 结尾的，加 “es ” or “ s ”eg: Negroes ?ni:gr? 、 heroes 、 volcanoesv ?l ?ke?n? 、 tomatoes 、 potatoes、

3、radios、 pianos 、 zoos 、 photos 、 bamboos 、 video需加 es的记忆技巧：黑人 （ Negro）英雄（ hero ）在火山上 （ volcano ）爱吃西红柿 （ tomato ）和土豆（ potato ）4. 以“辅音字母 + y ” 结尾的，把“ y”变为“ i ”，再加“ es ” .eg: city- cities， country-countries， family-families, story-stories5.以“ f ” 或 “ fe ” 结尾的，把“ f ” 或 “ fe ”变为“ ves ”。eg:thief thieveswi

4、fe wiveslife-liveshalf halvesleaf-leaves ， knife - knives， wolf wolves, shelfshelves, loaf loaves记忆技巧： 贼人（ thief ）的妻子（ wife ）在她一生 （ life ）中用半（ half ）片树叶 （leaf ）当刀子（ knife ）杀死了七匹狼（ wolf ）然后去偷架子（ shelf ）上的面包（ loaf ）。6）不规则变化：man- men，foot- feetwoman - women， tooth- teeth,policeman- policemen,goose- gee

5、se,mousechild- children， ox- oxen- mice， fish- fish， sheep- sheepdeer - deer，means means，Chinese - Chinese，Japanese - Japanese注意：当 man / woman作定语、修饰复数名词时，变为复数。例如： a man teacher - men teachers;a woman teacher - women teachersman / woman与所修饰的名词要同时四重点：名词的所有格（ -（1）单数名词词尾加the boy s bag的）'s； 以；Marys结尾

6、的单数名词， s cap ；Mr James则只加 office .（2）复数名词如果不以s结尾，则加's； 复数名词如果以the Childrens Palacemen s roomthe teachers reading-room10 minutes walks结尾，则只加 .（3）如果表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加如果表示各自所有，就必须在各个名字后面加's .This is Tom and Marks room.These are Tom s and Mark s rooms.'s .（ 4） the + 名词 · of 

7、3;名词 the windows of the house the name of the citythe picture of the Tom's结构也可以转换成of结构the girls name - the name of the girlTom s friend - the friend of Tom（ 5） a +名词· of一” )a picture of To·名词 m s's / a +名词;a friend of mine· of·名词性物主代词(表示“其中之名词专项训练1 - Are there anyin the z

8、oo ?- Yes, there are some.A. pandaB. lionC. tigerD. deer2 There is only onedoctor and severalnurses in thishospital.A. man / womanB. man / womenC. men / womanD. men /women3- What can I do for you ?- I d like two.A. bottle of orange juiceB. bottle of orange juicesC. bottles of orange juiceD. bottles

9、of orange juices4This isbedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anna and JaneB. Anna s and Jane sC. Anna s and JaneD. Anna and Janes5 We ll have aholiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?A. four daysB. four-dayC. four-daysD. fourday s6 Paul hasfriends except me, and sometimes he feels lon

10、ely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more7 How manycan you see in the picture ?A. waterB. childC. deerD.factorys8 This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had.A. short hairsB. short hairC. many short hairD. much short hairs9 - Where are the?- They are playingfootball on the playground.A. boys students / t

11、heB. boy students / theC. boy student / XD. boy students / X10 I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because theres something wrong withhis.A. eyesB. legsC. mouthD. ears11 Jenny gave uson how to learn English well.A. some advicesB. many advicesC. some adviceD. anadvice12 We have bought twofor the com

12、ing party.A. box of strawberryB. boxes of strawberriesC. box of strawberriesD. boxes of strawberry13 Mr Smith is a friend of.A. John s uncleB. John uncle sC. John s uncle sD. John uncle14 - Would you liketea ?- No, thanks. I have drunk two.A. any / bottle of juiceB. some / bottles of juiceC. many /

13、bottles of juicesD. few / bottles of juice15 These are thetoys.A. childB. childrenC. children schildren16 There are hardly anyin the river now because of the pollution.A. duckB.fishC.gooseD.17 She told methe day before yesterday.A. a good newsB. such a good newsC. so good a newsD. a piece of good ne

14、ws18 I won t go there with you, for I have a lot ofto do.A. worksB. jobC. workD.working19 Thereall kinds ofin this shop.A. are / watchesB. be / watchesC. is / watchesD. be /watch20 There areon the desk.A. a paperB. some papersC. a piece of paperD. some pieces of paper21 I d like, please.A. two bottl

15、e of beerB. two bottle of beersC. two bottles of beerD. two bottles of beers22 These arebackpacks.A. Lily and LucyB. Lily and LucysC. Lily s and LucyD. Lily s and Lucy23 We ll havethis summer.A. a two months vacationB. two months vacationC. a two-months vacationD. a two-month vacation24 I go to theo

16、nce a month.A. barberB. barbersC. barber sbarbers D. sD.water25 I want to knowopinion.A. everyone s elseC. everyone else s26 Iwalkedintothedesk.A. teacher s / teacher sC. teacher s / teachersB. everyone elseD. everyone elsesoffice,B. teachersD. teachersandputtheletter / teachers / teacheronmys27 The

17、re s noformore carsin theparkinglot.Itistoo crowded.A. roomB. roomsC. houseD.houses28 My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new.A. showB. shoesC. pairD. one29 Could you speak in a loud? I can t hear you clearly.A. voiceB. noiseC. soundD.throat30 Only onehas been chosen. I don t know whether it is a man or awoman.A.