新视野大学英语第四册读写教程UNIT

1、Slavery Gave Me Nothing to Lose Unit 8 Section ABackground InformationText StudySummaryWritingLead-inN H C EN H C ELead-inBack48Answer the following questions. UnderstandingUnderstandingText StudyUnderstandingtourists, on horses or in automobileswatch, pleasureHow did I feel about the whitesas a chi

2、ld? (Para. 1)48Text StudyUnderstandingHow did I respond to the whites as a child?enjoy, watch, wave, say, follow(Para. 2)What does the word “show” mean?Who were the “actors”?a stage, travelers, as actors48Text StudyUnderstandingonly different, the white, like to hear, speak, sing, dance, moneyWhats

3、my impressions of the whites as a child? (general point)(Para. 3)48Text StudyUnderstandingwant, so much, discouragementrather than, encouragementWhy did I feel it strange to be given money when I was singingand dancing?(Para. 3)48Text StudyUnderstandingWhats the huge change I experienced when I wast

4、hirteen?school, exclusively, black town, aware, black(Para. 4)48Text StudyUnderstandingHow do I look at the slavery problem?something in the past not register depression nothing to lose, a worldto win(Para. 5)48Text StudyUnderstanding(Para. 5)What do I mean by saying that “it fails to register depre

5、ssion with me?”attitude, not disturbed Why do I think its “The world to be won and nothing to be lost”?good bet, win everything,lose nothing 48Text StudyUnderstandingHow do I feel to be a black as an adult?not feel colored, white manchat calmlynot make any difference(Paras. 6-7)48Text StudyUnderstan

6、dingI compare myself to a brown bag. Whats my purpose in describing the contents of the bags? contents, common objects, white or black, share, in common(Para. 7)When I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people. To me, the difference between

7、black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there. When I moved to a school in Jacksonville, I was taken as a black girl. It didnt depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an advantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors a

8、re just the differently colored bags with almost the same contents in them. What is the text mainly about?Back48I. Structure AnalysisI. Structure AnalysisSpecific Details to a General Statement One of the basic structures of writing that we are familiar with is going from something general to someth

9、ing more specific, yet this time we have the other way round. The writer starts from details and then comes to a general statementor a conclusion. Text StudyStructure Analysis48How I responded to white peopleas a child. (Para. 2)My impressions about the white people and the townspeoples attitude tow

10、ard them when I was little. (Para. 1)General statement: Though I was a black, I felt little difference fromthe white. (Para. 3)Text StudyStructure AnalysisI do not always feel colored. (Para. 6)It doesnt depress me, and Im ready to win the world. (Para. 5)General statement: Being colored does not ma

11、ke any difference to me. I feel to be the same as people of other colors.(Para. 7)A transitional paragraph: It was when I was thirteen that I had a keen sense that I was a black girl. (Para. 4)BOOK4Unit81. But the Northerners were something else again.(L6) (When the people in the town saw)the Northe

12、rners, (their reactions) would be quite different (from those towardthe Southerners). TranslationBOOK4Unit8 2. Not only did I enjoy the show, but I didnt mind the actors knowing that I liked it. (L10)I enjoyed watching travelers coming and going, and I did not mind those peoples knowing about that.

13、TranslationBOOK4Unit8BackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习尽管他不是靠盗窃为生，尽管他不是靠盗窃为生，但他经常干些顺手牵羊但他经常干些顺手牵羊的事。的事。Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing. BOOK4Unit84. . after a strange exchange of greetings . (L13) People in the South and people from t

14、he North spoke with different accents, or maybe the replies were not what was expected,so the greetings sounded strange. TranslationBOOK4Unit8我中断了交谈，接起了电话。他开始讲话，但被过来上咖啡的服务生打断了。I broke off the conversation and answered the phone.He started to speak, but was broken off when the waiter served us coffee

15、.5. break off suddenly stop talking BOOK4Unit8我们对所有那些捐出钱款的人深表谢意。We thanked all the people who have given of their money. 6. give of to give (money, time, etc.), esp. in a way that seems generous BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习BackBOOK4Unit87. I became a permanent brownlike the

16、 best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run. (L34) The writer is saying that her color is fast or fixed and will not come off, as the best brown shoe polish might do.What she intends to say is that she is now a person mature enough to stand between the white and the black. TranslationBOOK4Unit8

17、8. register v. to show or express a feeling听到她失踪的消息，欧文脸上流露出诧异和震惊的表情。When Owen heard that shes missing, surprise and shock registered on his face.BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习Back人要学会控制情绪，做到人要学会控制情绪，做到不以物喜，不以己悲。不以物喜，不以己悲。One should learn to keep his emotion under such control

18、 that external gains cant register thrill with him and personal losses cant register sorrow with him, either. BOOK4Unit8 be recognized by 典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示使某人吃惊使某人吃惊: 使某人兴奋使某人兴奋: 使某人失望使某人失望: Back知知识识链链接接BOOK4Unit89. The terrible war that made me an American instead of a slave said “On the line!

19、”. The period following the Civil War said “ Get set!”; and the generation before me said “Go!”. Like a foot race, I am off to a flying start and I must not halt in the middle to look behind and weep. (L37) participate in the “race”get ready for the racestopBOOK4Unit8TranslationThese lines summarize

20、 the history of the black people in which they struggled for freedom. The writer intends to express the feeling that she will continue the efforts of her forefathers and would not pause to grieve over their fate in the past.BOOK4Unit810. The world to be won and nothing to be lost. (L42) This is sayi

21、ng that this is a very good bet: if I enter upon this bet I can win everything, the world, and if I lose, I lose nothing (or at l e a s t n o t a n y t h i n g i m p o r t a n t ) . TranslationBOOK4Unit811. It is thrilling to think, to know, that for any act of mine, I shall get twice as much praise

22、 or twice as much blame. (L 42) It is very exciting to think and understand this fact: if I did something good, I would get praise from both the black people and the white people, but once I did something wrong, I would receive blame from both the black world and the white world as well. Translation

23、BOOK4Unit812. in the main in general; on the wholel Her fellow students were in the main from wealthy backgrounds.l 结果基本上是令人满意的。l 她的同学大都来自富有的家庭。l The result is, in the main, satisfactory.BOOK4Unit8opinion poll / speak high of 典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示总之；一般说来总之；一般说来: : 总的来说总的来说: :总的来说；大体上：总的来说；大体上：Back知

24、知识识链链接接BackIt is in the main true that mans nature at birth is good. But the differences in education, living environment and personal experiences make the distinction between good people and evil people. 大体上来说，人之初，性本善的大体上来说，人之初，性本善的说法没错。但是，后天教育、生说法没错。但是，后天教育、生活环境、个人经历的不同使人有活环境、个人经历的不同使人有了好坏之分。了好坏之分

25、。 BOOK4Unit813. prop up to prevent something from falling down by putting something else under or against itl He propped up his bike against a tree.l 你不能老是指望你的同事们支持你。l 他把自行车靠在一棵树上。l You cant always expect your colleagues to prop you up. BOOK4Unit8N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习政府要下大力支持农

26、政府要下大力支持农业发展，以提高农民业发展，以提高农民收入。收入。Back靠物质利益维系的友靠物质利益维系的友谊是不可能长久的。谊是不可能长久的。The friendship propped up with material benefits finds no way to last.BOOK4Unit814. But in the main, I feel like a brown bag of mixed items propped up against a wall. Against a wall in company with other bags, white, red and ye

27、llow. (L50) In general, I have the feeling that I am like a brown bag full of different items, leaning against a wall. There are also other bags of different color against the wall together with the brown bag. (It suggests that there are different racial groups living in the U.S.A.)TranslationSummar

28、yEnglish Equivalents of ChineseN H C EN H C E预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作48 Chinese to English Chinese to English48 8.8. English to ChineseEnglish to Chinese48 Summary Summary As a young girl in a Negro town, Zora had no white neighbors, and to her, white people were only _ in that they traveled _ her hometown

29、but didnt live there. However, when she arrived at Jacksonville, she suffered a _. She was no longer Zora of Eatonville, but became the granddaughter of _. When she looked in a mirror, she was now looking at a little _ girl. This, however, had no _ effect on her. To her, _ was something in the _. Th

30、e Civil War had made her a _ American citizen and had given her the opportunity to push ahead and _ in life. She felt she had nothing to _ but everything to _. The insight we can get from the writers perspective is to see things the confines of our past so as to look to what the future holds for us

31、because if we dwell our past, whether glorious or we will the golden chance of reaching new peaks of brilliance.different throughchangeblackillslaveryslavespastfullsucceedlosegainbeyondforwarduponmiserableloseN H C EN H C EBack从从中获得乐趣中获得乐趣 是某人的前排座位是某人的前排座位打招呼打招呼 正好赶上做某事正好赶上做某事 打断谈话打断谈话 区别区别 慷慨地把某物给某

32、人慷慨地把某物给某人 不赞成，反对不赞成，反对 遭遇了巨大的变化遭遇了巨大的变化 汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 to get pleasure out of sth. to be a front row seat for sb. an exchange of greetings (just) in time to do sth. to break off the conversationto differ from to give sb. generously of sth. to disapprove ofto suffer a huge change E

33、nglish Equivalents of Chinese预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作N H C EN H C E各就各位各就各位 为某事所付的代价为某事所付的代价 感觉懵懂无知的佐拉感觉懵懂无知的佐拉 有有共同点共同点 腐朽腐朽 被被的重量压弯的重量压弯 on the line the price one pays for sth. to achieve the unconscious Zora to have sth. in common to decay away English Equivalents of Chinese汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随

34、笔笔 Back预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作to bend under the weight of sth. N H C EN H C E又是另一回事又是另一回事 在（某人）手边在（某人）手边/ /近旁近旁 使某人沮丧使某人沮丧 基本上；大体上基本上；大体上 与与一起一起 汉英互译汉英互译 短语活用短语活用 句式应用句式应用 随随 笔笔 Back预习预习课文课文导入导入写作写作Creative Application of Typical Expressionsto be something else again / another thing at ones elbow to regist

35、er depression with sb. in the main in company with有时候我不属于任何人种，我就是我自己。但有时候我不属于任何人种，我就是我自己。但我大体上还是感觉自己像一只靠墙立着的装满我大体上还是感觉自己像一只靠墙立着的装满各种杂物的棕色袋子。靠墙立着的还有其他颜各种杂物的棕色袋子。靠墙立着的还有其他颜色的袋子，白色的，红色的，黄色的。色的袋子，白色的，红色的，黄色的。 BackN H C EN H C E原原 句句 译译 文文逆逆 译译 练练 习习At certain times I have no race, I am me. But in the ma

36、in, I feel like a brown bag of mixed items propped up against a wallagainst a wall in company with other bags, white, red and yellow. At certain times, sb. do / be sth. But in the main, sb. do / be sth. else. 有时候，某人有时候，某人，但从整，但从整体上讲，某人体上讲，某人 N H C EN H C E句句 式式 提提 炼炼应应 用用 提提 示示用于表述用于表述“某人的主流心态状态某人的主

37、流心态状态”。 Backtell white lies / a person worthy of trust At certain times, he tells white lies. But in the main, he is a person worthy of trust.N H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示BackBackN H C EN H C E典典 型型 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示逆逆译译练练习习我有时梦想一夜成名。我有时梦想一夜成名。但我总体上认为没有但我总体上认为没有超常的付出不会有非超常的付出不会有非凡的成就。凡的成就。N H

38、C EN H C E活活 用用 例例 句句意意 群群 提提 示示Back有时候，我也渴望纵情地生有时候，我也渴望纵情地生活，尽情享受现代生活带来活，尽情享受现代生活带来的一切快乐。但从整体上讲，的一切快乐。但从整体上讲，我还是感到自己是一个清心我还是感到自己是一个清心寡欲的人。寡欲的人。At certain times, I also aspire to live with abandon, enjoying to the fullest every pleasure modern life brings about. But in the main, I feel like a person

39、 who controls his passions and has few desires.从我内心里讲，我渴望像百合花那样无忧无从我内心里讲，我渴望像百合花那样无忧无虑地生活。但在我脑海里我还是觉得有必要虑地生活。但在我脑海里我还是觉得有必要为家庭、为社会、为民族担负起自己的责任。为家庭、为社会、为民族担负起自己的责任。这也正是我所有的牵挂。这也正是我所有的牵挂。In my heart, I desire to be like lilies, living a care-free life. But in my head, I feel a need to bear my responsi

40、bility for my family, my society and my nation, which is what all my concern is with.奴隶身份并没有让我失去什么奴隶身份并没有让我失去什么Para. 1a 我清楚地记得我成为黑人的那一天。我清楚地记得我成为黑人的那一天。13 岁岁之前我一直住在佛罗里达州的一个黑人小镇伊之前我一直住在佛罗里达州的一个黑人小镇伊 顿顿维尔。小镇的居民全是黑人。我所认识的白人都是维尔。小镇的居民全是黑人。我所认识的白人都是来自佛罗里达的奥兰多或是去往奥兰多的过路人。来自佛罗里达的奥兰多或是去往奥兰多的过路人。本地的白人骑着风尘仆仆的

41、马匹，而北方来的旅游本地的白人骑着风尘仆仆的马匹，而北方来的旅游者则驾着汽车沿着乡下的沙土路一者则驾着汽车沿着乡下的沙土路一 路驶来。路驶来。 Para. 1b 小镇的人见惯了南方人，因此他们经小镇的人见惯了南方人，因此他们经过时小镇的人照旧大嚼甘蔗。但是看到北方人过时小镇的人照旧大嚼甘蔗。但是看到北方人则则 是另一回事。胆怯的人躲在窗帘后小心翼翼是另一回事。胆怯的人躲在窗帘后小心翼翼地偷看他们，胆大的则会走到屋外看着他们经地偷看他们，胆大的则会走到屋外看着他们经过，感到很有趣，就像这些旅游者看到这村庄过，感到很有趣，就像这些旅游者看到这村庄也感到很有趣一样。也感到很有趣一样。Para. 2a

42、 门前平台可能是镇上其他人不敢去门前平台可能是镇上其他人不敢去的地方，但对我来说，那儿就像前排座位一的地方，但对我来说，那儿就像前排座位一样。我最爱坐在门柱上。我喜欢在那儿看人样。我最爱坐在门柱上。我喜欢在那儿看人们来来往往，也不在乎让那些人知道我喜欢们来来往往，也不在乎让那些人知道我喜欢看他们，通常还与他们搭几句话。我向他们看他们，通常还与他们搭几句话。我向他们挥手，如果他们也向我挥手，我还会与他们挥手，如果他们也向我挥手，我还会与他们打招呼。打招呼。 Para. 2b 骑马或驾车的人通常会停下来，我骑马或驾车的人通常会停下来，我们不可思议地互打招呼之后，我可能会随着们不可思议地互打招呼之后

43、，我可能会随着他们他们 “颠儿几步颠儿几步” ，这是我们佛罗里达最，这是我们佛罗里达最南边的说法，意思是跟着他们走上一小段路。南边的说法，意思是跟着他们走上一小段路。如果正巧赶上家里人来到房前看见我，他们如果正巧赶上家里人来到房前看见我，他们就会毫不客气地打断我们的交谈。就会毫不客气地打断我们的交谈。Para. 3a 那段日子里，在我看来，白人和黑那段日子里，在我看来，白人和黑人的区别只不过是他们路过小镇，但从不住人的区别只不过是他们路过小镇，但从不住在这里。他们喜欢听我在这里。他们喜欢听我 “说几句说几句” ，喜欢，喜欢听我唱歌，看我跳舞，并为此大方地给我小听我唱歌，看我跳舞，并为此大方地给

44、我小银币。这倒使我感到意外，因为我太愿意跟银币。这倒使我感到意外，因为我太愿意跟他们他们 “说上几句说上几句” ，太愿意为他们唱歌跳，太愿意为他们唱歌跳舞了，他们给我钱时我才会停下来。舞了，他们给我钱时我才会停下来。 Para. 3b 只是他们不知道这一点。黑人不会只是他们不知道这一点。黑人不会给我钱，对我表现出的任何一点欢乐的苗头，给我钱，对我表现出的任何一点欢乐的苗头，他们都不赞同。但我仍然是他们的佐拉，我他们都不赞同。但我仍然是他们的佐拉，我是属于他们，属于周围的旅馆，属于那个地是属于他们，属于周围的旅馆，属于那个地方，属于每一个人的佐拉。方，属于每一个人的佐拉。 Para. 4 但我但

45、我13岁时，家里发生了变故，我被送岁时，家里发生了变故，我被送到杰克逊维尔的学校去了。离开伊顿维尔时我到杰克逊维尔的学校去了。离开伊顿维尔时我还是我，佐拉。可在杰克逊维尔下了船后，原还是我，佐拉。可在杰克逊维尔下了船后，原来的佐拉不复存在了。我似乎发生了巨大的变来的佐拉不复存在了。我似乎发生了巨大的变化，我再也不是伊顿维尔的佐拉了，我现在成化，我再也不是伊顿维尔的佐拉了，我现在成了个小黑妞，在好些方面都是。在镜中，在内了个小黑妞，在好些方面都是。在镜中，在内心深处，我变成了永远不黑不白的棕色人心深处，我变成了永远不黑不白的棕色人就像最好的鞋油，抹不掉，不褪色。就像最好的鞋油，抹不掉，不褪色。 Para