定语从句关系代词,关系副词,(非)限定不同类的习题和解析

1、定语从句中关系代词与介词连用的句型练习简易的定语从句不难解决,但一些包含介词的定语从句却使很多学生感到十分困难。其实,有一个既简单,又行之有效的方法,可以巧妙地判断关系代词前用什么介词。请看下面几个句子:1. The tower is 40 metres, on the top _ which we can see the whole city.2. The fox _ which the chicks were killed was shot.3. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China, _ which more than

2、 ten bridges have been built.4. The building _ which he has lived for many years will be turned down.5. The man, _ whom I learned the news, is an engineer.6. Those spades _ which we had planted trees went out of use.7. The village has a big tree _ which the villagers often have meetings.8. His naugh

3、ty grandson has taken away his glasses, _ which the old man can see nothing.9. That is the question _ which the class will have a discussion.10. It rained all night and all day, _ which time the ship broke into pieces.从上面十个句子可以看出,每个关系代词前面都应填上一个介词,但到底应填什么介词呢?方法很简单,只要把原来的定语从句变成两个独立的简单句,这时就不难发现第二个句子里面包

4、含着什么介词。现在先把上面十个句子分别变成下列对应的十组句子:1. The tower is 40 metres. On the top of the tower, we can see the whole city.2. The fox was shot. The chicks were killed by the fox.3. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.More than ten bridges have been built over the river.4. The building will be tu

5、 rned down. Hes lived in the building for many years.5. The man is an engineer. I learned the news from the man.6. Those spades went out of use. we had planted trees went with the spades.7. The village has a big tree. The villagers often have meetings under the tree.8. His naughty grandson has taken

6、 away his glasses.The old man can see nothing without the glasses.9. That is the question . The class will have a discussion about the question.10. It rained all night and all day. The ship broke into pieces during the time.Key: of; by; over; in; from; with; under; without; about; during一、限定性定语从句1.

7、that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置1 The first doll say “mama”was invented in 1830.Athat it couldBcould itCit couldDthat could2 A solar day is the length of time the Earth to revolve o

8、nce around the Sun.AtakesBtakes itCwhich takesDhe takes3 The period during when Apeople learned Bto melt iron is called Cthe DIron Age.2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢4 The second half of his voyage was by far the more dangerous part, he sailed round the treacherous Cape Horn.AwhereB

9、of whichCduring whichDthat5 To travel from England to Hope Corn had taken him nine months, the sailing time was 226 days. He had done what he wanted to accomplish.AwhenBwhichCof whichDthat3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略(见本节“四、关系代词的省略”4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰

10、人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语6 Henry Ford is the person Awhich Bis most responsible Cfor developing Dthe idea of mass production.7 Human beings are social Aanimals whom Busually prefer not to live in Cphysical or psychological isolation D.5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句8 The Everglades is

11、a beautiful region of southern Florida the primitive past mingles with modern life.AthereBwhereCafterDin9 The knee is the joint the thigh bone meets the large bone of the lower leg.AwhenBwhereCwhyDwhich10 A metropolitan region Ais defined as a central Bcity and the territory where C surrounds Dit.6.

12、 when引导定语从句表示时间11 The next morning he came down to breakfast, he was beaming with the pleasure of a new, great discovery.AasBwhenCbecauseDthat12 In a day few noble persons ever spoke to those of humble origins except to give an order, Jefferson went out of his way to talk with gardeners, servants, a

13、nd waiters.AwhoseBduringCwhenDof13 Moreover, in the modern age human beings depend so much on machines, he had given men throughout the world new pride.AwhenBwhetherCmoreDever注值得一提的是,表示时间“time”一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two w

14、eeks. /I still remember the first time I met her. /Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格14 There was a teapot fashioned like a China duck out of open mouth the tea was supposed to come.Awhi

15、chBitsCthatDwhose15 Jackir Mcleanss recordings have shown that he is one of the few Ajazz musicians who B style of playing Chas kept pace with the evolution Dof modern jazz.8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything 或nothing时,常用there is来引导16 I don't wan

16、t to concentrate on anything worrying me.Awhat isBthere isCwhatDthere二、非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way tha

17、t(in which attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。I like the music for the very reason that(for which he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反。We arrived the day that(on which they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。3. 有时as也可用作关系代词4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用whic

18、h代表事物17 Ligaments(韧带,hold organs of the body in place and fasten bones together.Awhich are fibrous tissuesBthey are fibrous tissuesCfibrous tissues thatDare fibrous tissues18 The Little White House in Warm Springs was the Georgia home of President Franklin D. Roosevelt,there on April 12,1945.Awho di

19、edBdiedCwhile diedDhe died19 The first United States citizen to become Aa professional Bsculptor was Patience Lovell Wright,which Cworks were executed in wax D.三、定语从句结构错误1. 缺关系词20 The adder is a snake has Aa relatively Bstout body,a short tail C,and a flat head D.2. 从句中缺成分21 Traditionally,ethnograph

20、ers and linguists have paid Alittle attention to cultural interpretations given to Bsilence,or to Cthe types of social contexts in which tends Dto occur.四、连接代词的省略22 Most crocodiles will eat anything capture and overpower.AcanBthey canCwhich canDand五、例题解析1 D为正确答案。本句中的主句为“The first doll was invented i

21、n 1830”,“that could say mama”为定语从句，修饰主句中的名词(主语“the first doll”。 2 C 为正确答案。 3 A 错。 during 是介词， 它后面的关系代词只能用 which(指人除外， which 在此处指代“the period”， 定语从句为“during which peopleiron”，修饰主句的主语“the period”。 4 C 为正确答案。 5 C 为正确答案。 6 B 错。改用 who，which 只能指物，指人时应用 who，本句的定语从句修饰 the person，关系代 词 who 在从句中作主语。本句也可改用 tha

22、t，因为 that 也可用来指人，它可在从句中作主语或宾 语，但 which 则只能指“物”。 7 B 错。应改用 who，因为这里所指代的是“human beings”，而且在从句中作主语，而 whom 只 能用来作宾语。 8 B 为正确答案。空白后是一个定语从句，从句中主谓宾齐全，关系副词 where 指代上面表示地 点的名词 region(地方，地区，相当于 in which，即 in the region，在从句中作地点状语。 9 B 对。空白后为定语从句，从句中的主谓宾语都已齐全，where 作从句中的地点状语，相当于 in the joint，整个从句修饰“the joint”。

23、10 C 错。改为 which 或 that。这里是一个定语从句，修饰前面的 the territory(区域，虽然被修饰 成分表示一个地点，但若用 where 代替 in the territory 在从句中作地点状语，从句中便没有了主 语，这显然不对。改用 which 后，便可由它作从句中的主语，代 the territory；从句中的 it 代上文 中的 a central city。 11 B 为正确答案。 12 C 为正确答案。 13 A 为正确答案。 14 D 为正确答案。这里 whose 修饰名词短语“open mouth，” 这时“whose open mouth”一起作介 词“of”的宾语。 15 B 错。who 应当在定语从句中作主语，而从句中已有主语 style of playing(演奏风格，故应将 who 改为 whose，用 whose 修饰 style，指代上文中的人名，相当于 his。 16 B 为正确