(完整版)非谓语动词在写作上的运用

1、进行式被动式时态与诰态不 定 £句法功能除谓诒外町作作何威分S 一独立卞桥现在分Mlr主动式：披动式:、1去£护同：donedoingBeing Hnn«一主动式* doing； hfiinp Hone 构成：名词（代词）+分词（短讲）形容词/副词等 伪0旬育或旬尾.活JT1逗号与主句分开 with*宾语+宾补（瞽代独“斗桥结构）及物与不及物语态 时态类别vL主动语态被动语态主动语态动词Jug形式-般时：（与谓语动作同 时发生）makingbdng niad«going完成时；（先于谓语动作 发生）having made （不作定语）having bee

2、n riiadck（不作定诺）having gone （不作定IS）动词 -ed形式只有一般时:不强调时间 先后t只讲原因条件Xm»df（表被动）Jione（表完成）动词不 室式一般时:与谓语动柞（几 乎）同时发生tu maketo be madeto £«完成时:先于说话动作发 生to huve inndeto have bc«n mikdeto have gone逬行时:在昭语动作发生 时正在进行to be makingXhi hr going: to HoL<> be doingLo Have doneto he <lon带疑冋闻

3、的不定式：how lo do 悄态动词后 省略to的悄?况had better等之L hlLVf tlo 爲写扌勾动名词 admit, appreciate, give up, imagine, put off, resist, can' t stan无法忍受）等后可以用动名 词作宾语，但不能用不定式。 forget, mean, regret, remember,等可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别。 在短语 devote to, object to, thank for, be busy, look forward to , there is no use/good/need

4、 等动词词组后也必须用动名词形式。 在love, hate, prefer, like等动词后用动名词或不定式无多大区别。用动名词作宾语时， 指一般情况，而跟不定式作宾语时指某一次具体行为。 .allow, advise, forbid , permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词 作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。We don' t allow smok ing here.We don' t allow stude nts to smoke. .动词need, require，want作需要”解，其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，

5、表示事情需要做。动名词的主动形式表示被动意义。be worth后必须用动名词的主动形式来表示被动意义。The win dow n eeds clea ning/to be clea ned. 动名词的时态和语态动名词的时态分一般式和完成式两种。We are in terested in playi ng chess.I ' m sorry for not having kept my promise.He likes being helped.I don ' t remember having ever been given a chanee to do it.分词的时态和语态

6、(1) 分词分为现在分词和过去分词，其否定形式为n ot+分词。现在分词有一般式和完成式。Being a studen，he was interested in books.Having studied in it for three years, he knows the university very well.(2) 现在分词有一般式和完成式，且有主动语态和被动语态。The questi on being discussed is importa nt.Having been criticized by the teache，Li Ming gave up smoking.(3) 过去分

7、词表示的动作或是在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，或是没有一定的时间性。This is a book written by a famous Chinese writer.如果指的动作现在正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，可用现在分词的被动形 式作定语。We must keep a secret of the thi ngs being discussed here.(4) 作状语分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式、伴随状况等。The teacher stood there surrounded by the students.表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连接词wh

8、ile或when引出。While unfinished，the painting looked ugly.分词短语作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致。如果分词与句子的主语是主动关系，用doing表示与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或进行的动作，用having done表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如果分词与句子的主语是被动关系，则用done强调在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作，也可用havi ng been done。(5) .当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，分词前必须加上自己的主语，此结构被称为独立主格结构。Time permitt ing， I ' ll f

9、inish ano ther less on.二、转换复合句为非谓语动词1. 这里曾有一家化肥厂，位于城市的南边。它每天释放出大量有毒气体，污染环境。There was a large factory, which produced fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas, which polluted the en vir onment.f There used to be a large factory. Every day it gave out a lot of pois onousgas,the environ

10、ment.(现在分词作状语)2. 当我们赶到校门口时，已经 8点了。我们见到老师时，不得不为迟到而向她道歉。Whe n we got to the school gate it was eight. Whe n we saw our teacher, we had to say sorry for we were so late.f When we got to the school gate it was eight. , we had to say sorry for our beinglate.(现在分词作状语)3我们认为中学生学习一门外语是必要的。同时我们也认为，中学生掌握一门外语是可

11、能 的。We think it is necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign language and we also think that it is possible that they can master one.f We think that middle school students should learn a foreign Ianguage and （wethink it） possible for them as well.（it的用法和不定式作真正宾语）4由于老师的帮助，我英语进步了。因为

12、我英语进步了，我相信我能考上更好的大学。Because my teacher helps me, my English has greatly improved. Because my English has greatly improved, I'm sure I will go to a better university.f ,my English has greatly improved, （关联词） makesme sure I will go to a better university.（with 复合结构作状语）5为了赶上同班同学，李东不遗余力地学习。为了好好学习，他从

13、不玩电脑游戏。Li Dong spares no effort to study so that he can catch up with his classmates.He never plays computer games so that he can learn better.fLi Dong spares no effort to study his classmates and better henever plays computer games .不（ 定式作状语 ）三. 运用非谓语动词转换简单句1We were touched by the teacher's wor

14、ds. We decided to work hard.2I didn't receive her letter. I had to write again.3The boy came to school late again. This made the teacher very angry.4The boys were making the most of time. They wanted to finish the work earlier.5I saw an old granny. She lay on the ground. I went over to help her.

15、6. It is high time we took part in some activities. We want to make ourselves more healthy.7. A girl climbed so hard that she lost her temper She complained about the long walk.8. The monitor has set a good example for us . Therefore, the monitor deserves the honor and we should learn from her .四、改错

16、1. Looking from the top of mountain, the city is beautiful .2. In my opinion, climb mountain is an enjoyable thing.3. Which team is good at cooking?A team called itself the supper cook.五、运用非谓语动词转换短文 （根据一般表达写出该短文的高级表达 ） 广州市有大量的出租车司机，他们每天全心全意地为乘客服务，对广州市的交通发挥着 重要作用。他们起早贪黑，赚钱养家糊口。有一次，我下车时不小心把手机忘在了车上，但 当

17、我和司机同志联系上之后，他立即开车把手机送到了我的家门口，让我感动不已。一般表达：1. There are a large number of taxi drivers in Guangzhou. They serve passengers heart and soul. They play an important part in the traffic of Guangzhou. 2. They make some money. They work from dawn till night. 3. One day, I got out of the taxi in a hurry so I

18、 left my cellphone in the taxi I took. 4. After I got in touch with the driver , he drove to my home and gave it back to me. 5.When i saw my phone again, I was very excited.咼级表达:六. 请尽量用非谓语动词来描述以下两篇短文。（仅限5句话）1. 高考快到了，我们班举行了一次会议讨论去哪里春游来缓解考试的压力。我们选择了去 烧烤。第二天，我们大清早出发。我们爬山，有说有笑。当我们到达的时候，我们开始烧烤 吃完大餐，我们欣赏了

19、温暖的日落的美丽风景。返回时，我们虽然很累但很开心。2. 高考临近。保持良好的心态很重要。它有助于减轻焦虑（relax）和勇敢地克服困难建议有足够的睡眠是必要的。原131 它能有效的改善我们的课堂学习°N保持健康的身体是进一步学习及工作 的基础.二、转换复合句为非谓语动词IThere used to be a large factory producing fertilizer. Every day it gave out a lot of poisonous gas, polluting the environment.（现在分词作状语）2. When we got to the

20、school gate it was eight. Seeing our teacher, we had to say sorry for our being late.（现在分词作状语）3. We think it necessary that middle school students should learn a foreign Ianguage and （we think it） possible for them to master one as well不定式作真正宾语 ）4. With my teacher helping me, my English has greatly

21、improved, which makes me sure I will go to a better university.（with 复合结构作状语）5. Li Dong spares no effort to study so as to catch up with his classmates and to learn better he never plays computer games 不定式作状语）三、转换复合句为非谓语动词1. Touched by the teacher's words, we decided to work hard.2. Not having r

22、eceived her letter., I had to write again.3. The boy ' s bgihate again made the teacher very angry.4. To finish the work earlier, the boys were making the most of time.5. Seeing an old granny lying on the ground, I went over to help her.6. It is high time we took part in some activities to make

23、ourselves more healthy.7. She got so angry that she lost her temper, compla ining about the long walk.8. Having set a good example for us, the mon itor deserves the honor and we should lear n from her .四、改错1. Looked from the top of mountain, the city is beautiful .2. In my opinion, climbing mountain

24、 is an enjoyable thing.3. A team called the supper cook.A team calling itself the supper cook.五、运用非谓语动词转换短文（高级表达）There are a large nu mber of taxi drivers in Beiji ng, serv ing passe ngers heart and soul and playing an important part in the traffic of Beijing. In order to make some money to support their families, they work from dawn till night. One day, I got out of the taxi in a hurry with my cellphone left in the taxi I took. On heari ng what had happe ned, the taxi driver drove to my home as fast as possible and gave the cellph one back to me. Seeing my cellph o