一般过去时的讲解

1、1, 一般过去时(1) 一般过去时的概念、结构以及用法一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作.谓语动词要用动词的过去式,常和表示过去的时间状语连用,如yesterday昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year 去年,等.一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态.在句子中由主语+动词的过去式来表达.1,He walks to school.( 一般现在时)2,He walked to school.( 一般过去时)例1.中的动词 walks时现在式,由于主语是第三人称单数he,因此原因的walk必须加上 “s,表示目前习

2、惯性、经常性动作.可译为“他现在经常步行上 学.例2.中的动词walked是过去式,过去式是表达过去事情的动词形式,所以这句话时表示的是过去的某时,例如昨天、上周或学生时代等过去的某一时间,这句可译为“他曾经步行上学.(2) 一般过去时的几种结构1. be动词的过去式am与is的过去式是 wasare的过去式是 werebe动词的过去时的句型如下：肯定句：主语+be动词的过去式(was were ) 否认句：主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were ) + not 疑问句：be动词的过去式(was, were ) +主语?O He was busy yesterday.( 肯定句)他昨天很

3、忙.O He was not busy yesterday.( 否认句)他昨天不忙.OWas he busy yesterday?( 疑问句)他昨天忙吗？(1) be动词过去时的肯定句麦克去年在美国.Mike was in the United States last year.be动词的现在式和过去式： There is (are )的句型用于一般过去时需把is , are变为它们的过去式：There was (were) (2) be动词过去式的否认句He was not in Canada last year.他去年不在加拿大.be动词过去时的否认句的结构和现在时一样,只要在be动词过去

4、式(was, were )后面加上not就可以了.否认式的 was not , were not 大多使用缩写形式 wasn't和weren' t .I wasn ' t busy the other day.前几天我不 忙.(3) be动词的过去时的疑问句(一般疑问句)Was it raining in Beijing yesterday?Yes, it was.No, it wasn ' t. I t was cloudy.昨天北京下雨了吗？是的,下了不,没下雨.昨天北京阴天.be动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一样,只要把be动词的过去式 was,

5、were调到主语前面即可. was (were ) + 主语？答复时,需要用 Yes,was (were). 或 No wasn' t (weren ' t)Was your father free this morning?今天上午你爸爸有空吗？Yes, he was . 是的,他有空.No, he wasn ' t. 不,他没空.练习题一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1.Iat school just now.2.Heat the camp last week.3.We students two years ago.4.They _on the farm a mome

6、nt ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.2.一般动词的过去时一般动词过去式的根本句型如下:肯定句： 主语+动词的过去式否认句： 主语+ did not + 动词原形疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形？O He played tennis last week.(肯定句他上周打网了.

7、O He did not play tennis last week.否认句 上周他没打网球.O Did he play tennis last week?疑问句上周他打网球了吗?规那么动词的过去式-edostartf started visit f visitedpull-pulled, cook-cook1一般情况下,在动词原形后面加 look f looked play fplayeded2 .以不发音e结尾的动词,在词尾直接加 -d.live flived use fused taste-tasted3 .以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,先将 y改为i,再加-edostudy fstudi

8、ed try ftried fly f flied4 .以重读闭音节即辅音十元音+辅音 或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词, 要先双写这个辅音字母后,再加-edostop f stopped plan f planned prefer f preferred那么什么是重读闭音节？必须是重读音节以一个辅音字母结尾元音字母发短音总结来说就是：一元一辅,又重又短例子：beg drag drop drip 滴下5.不规那么动词的过去式需特殊记忆.(1)把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式.如：beginbegan , drink drank , give gave, ring rang , sin

9、g sang, sitsat, swimswam(2)把重读开音节 中的i改为o,变成过去式.如：drive drove, ride rode, write wrote(3)改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式.如：draw drew , grow grew , knowknew , throw threw (动词 show 除夕卜, showshowed)(4)动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式.如：get got, forget - forgot(5)动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式.如：feedfed, meet met(6)动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式.如：keep

10、kept, sleepslept, sweepswept(7)动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式.如：breakbroke, speak spoke(8)动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式.如：sell sold, tell told(9)动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式.如：stand stood, understandunderstood(10)以ought和aught结尾,且读音是：t的过去式.如：bring brought, buy bought, think thought, catchcaught, teach- taught(11)以ould结尾且读音为ud的情态

11、动词 过去式.如：cancould, shall should, will would(12)把动词原形中的 .改为a,变成过去式.如：come came, become became(13)在动词原形后加 d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变.如：hear heard, mean meant(14)动词的过去式与动词原形一样.如：letlet, mustmust, putput, readread, costcost, cut cut, hit hit, put put, hurthurt(15)不符合上述规律的动词过去式.如：am, iswas,are were ,build built , d

12、o did ,eat ate,fall fell,feel felt, find found, fly flew , gowent, have/has had,hold held,leave left, makemade,maymight,run ran,see saw,taketook,say said 1.一般动词过去式的肯定句昨天我们过得很愉快.昨天他过得很快乐.We had a good time yesterday.He had a good time yesterday.一般过去时没有人称和数的变化.因此,主语即使是单数、第三人称,也和其他人称 一样化.OI watched TV

13、for an hour.我看了一个小时的电视.O She studied Russian two years ago.两年前他学俄语.2. 一般动词过去时的否认句We did not have a good time yesterday.昨天我们过得不好.一般动词过去时的否认句的结构和一般现在时够定句的结构一样,不管主语是第几人 称,还是单、复数,在主语后面加上 did not而不是do not ,或does not 就可以了.否认式did not常用缩写形式didn ' t .OHe didn ' t have classes this morning.今天上午他没课 .OY

14、ou didn ' t do your best to do it.你没有尽力去做.3. 一般动词过去时的疑问句Did he go there?他去那了 吗？Yes, he did. No, he didn ' t . 是的,他去了.不,他没去.When did you get up this morning?At six. 今天早晨你几点钟起床的？六点钟.一般动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一般疑问句的结构一样,无论主语是 第几人称,单数、复数,在主语前面加上did即可.O Did Tom go with you? 汤姆和你一起去的吗？Yes, he did . No,

15、 he didn ' t .是的.不,不是的O How many subjects did you study last term?上学期你们学习几门功课？We studied seven. 我们学习七门课.比拟一般动词的现在时和过去时一般现在时一般过去时肯定句 I go .He goes . I went .He went .否认句 I don ' t go .He doesn ' t go . I didn ' t go . He didn ' t go .疑问句e go ?Do you go -?Does he go Did you go -?Di

16、d h（3） 一般过去时的几种用法1 .带有确定的过去时间状语时,要用过去时如：yesterday 昨天,two days ago两天前,last year去年.,the other day 前几天,once upon a time 过去曾经 ,just now刚刚,in the olddays 过去的日子里,before liberation解放前,when I was 8 years old 当我八岁时.2 .表示过去一段时间内经常反复的动作.常与always, never等连用.O Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞.只

17、是说明她过去的动作,不说明她现在是否常带着 伞.O Mrs. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞.说明这是她的习惯,说明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞.3 .有些句子,虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存 在的状态的话,也要用过去时,这一点,我们要特别注意.OI didn ' t know you were in Pairs.我不知道你在巴黎.由于在说话时,我已经知道你在巴黎了.这句话指的是说话前,所以只能用过去时表示.实际上,这句话暗指：But now I know you are here. OI thoug

18、ht you were ill.我以为你病了呢.这句话应是在说话前,我以为你病了,但是现在我知道你没病.练习题一、请用正确动词形式填空1. He live in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat eat a bird last night.3. We have a party last Halloween. 44. Nancy pick up oranges on the farm last week.5. I make a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They play chess in the classroom last

19、PE lesson.7. My mother cook a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls dance at the party last night.9. I watch a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?11. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.12. Gao Shan(put) up the picture last night.13. I(sweep) the floor yesterday.14. 14. What she(find) in the garden last morning?15.