变否定句规则

1、变否定句规则一.一般现在时变否定句的规则.(a)含有am is are的句子，变否定句时，只需在am is are 后加 not例 1 This is a book.否定句Thi s i s not a book 例 2 I am a teacher 否定句I amnot a teacher 例 3 These are pens 否定句Theseare not pens (b)含有实义动词的句子，变否定句分两步。(1)如果主语是第三人称单数时，要在实义动词前加doesn't,后面的动词用原形。例 1 He eats an apple否定句Hedoesn't eat an app

2、le例 2 J im does h i s homev/ork否定句Jimdoesn't do his homework例 3 Marry goes to school.否定句Marrydoesn't go to school.(2)如果主语不是第三人称单数时，只需在实义动词前加don't.例 1 I teach English.否定句I don* tteach English.例 2 They go to schooI否定句 They don'tgo to school.例 3 We s i ng a song.否定句 We don11 sing a song

3、.(c)含有情态动词的句子，变否定句时，只需在情态动词后加not.例 1 I can dance否定句 I can not dance.或 I can't dance.例 2 They can speak English否定句TheycannotspeakEnglish.或 They can*t speak English例3 Hemust go home否定句Hemus tnotgohome.或 He mustn't go home例4Hemus tbe on theplaygroundHe cannotbeontheplayground析：当must be用来表示推测，有“

4、一定”的含义时，否定式要用can not.例 5You must say someth i ng at the mecting.mec t i ng.须”的含义时,You needn' t say anythi ng at the析：当“must+行为动词”用来表示“必其否定式可用needn， t或mustn-t表示“不需要”，“不必”,语气委婉，must not表示"禁止”，“千万别”语气生破。例 6 You may come in now.You mustn't come i n now析：may作为情态动词表示"可以” 时， 其否定式用must not

5、,而不用may not.例 7 He may watch TV He mustn't watch TV.注意：(1)见到some变否定句时，要换成any.例 1 I eat some apples否定句 I don11 eat any apples 例 2 He has some books否定句 He does n't have any books.例 3 He does h i s home work否定句 He doesn* t do his home work(2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or.例 1 There i s some a i r and water o

6、n the moon.否定句 There i sn' t any a i r or water on themoon.例 2 He has some brothers and s i sters否定句 He hasn*t any brothers or sisters例 3 He eats apples and oranges否定句 He doesn? t eat apples or oranges(3)见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.仞H 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn* t go to schooI eithert

7、oo和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.随着对谓语动词的否定，某些副词也要作相应的变动。英语句型转换错误分析：肯定句变否定句1. I think she is there误：I think she isn' t there正：I dorT t think she is there析：英语中think, be I ieve, expect, suppose等表示信念和揣测的动词， 后接that从句时

8、，习惯上将从句中的否定形式转移到主句上, 即否定主句谓语，不否定从句谓语。2. He can sing this song and that one误：He can not sing this song and that one.正；He can not sing this song or that one析：肯定句中的连词and在否定句中一般要改为or。3. Tom went to school too.误：Tom didt go to school too.正：Tom didt go to school either析：too和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。4. He

9、 has had supper a I ready.误：He hast had supper a I ready正：He hast had supper yet.析：随着对谓语动词的否定，某些副词也要作相应的变动。5. He had a good rest just now误：He hadt a good rest just now正：He didrT t have a good rest just now.析：have在表示开会、吃饭、休息、进行体育锻炼等词组中是行为动词， 否定句用助动词来完成。6. Let' s do it.误：Let' s don， t do it.正:

10、Don' t let' s do it.或 Les not do it.析：let后接的是不带to的不定式，变为否定式，直接在句首前加Don' t或在不定式前加not。7. He a I ways gets there on time.误：He doesrT t always get there on time.正：He never gets there on time.析：He doesn t a I ways get t here on time 意为“他并非老是准时到那儿”，是部分否定，习惯上把句中的副词改为相应的表示否定的副词即可。如:It often rain

11、s here It seldom rains here8. Be here ear Iy tomorrow误：Be not here ear I y to morrow 正：Don' t be here ear I y tom or row 析：祈使句的否定，一般在谓语动词前加do not的缩写don' t«9. You had better come误：You didn' t have better come.正：You had better not come析：had better相当于一情态动词，不可分割，因此not应放在其后。would rather也

12、是如此。10. BothTom and Xiao Ping went to school.误：Both Tom and Xiao Ping didn' t go to school.正：Neither Tom nor Xiao Ping went to school.析：一个句子中如果有不定代词both, al I, every改为否定式时,要把这些不定代词改为相应的表示否定的代词。二一般过去时变否定句规则(a)含有was were的句子，变否定句时，只需在was were后加rurt.例 1 Th i s was a book.否定句 Th i s was not a book 或T

13、hiswasn't a book 例 2 I was a teacher 否定句 I was not a teacher 或 I wasn' t a teacher 例 3 These were pens 否定句 These were not pens 或 These weren't pens(b)含有实义动词过去式的句子，变否定句时，只需在实义动词过去式前加didn't,后面的动词用原形。例 1 He ate an apple否定句 He didn*t eat an apple例 2 Jim did his homework否定句 Jim didn*t do

14、his homework例 3 Marry went to school否定句 Marry didrf t go to school(c)含有情态动词过去式的句子，变否定句时，只需在情态动词过去式后加not.(can could,may mighteed need ,must must)例 1 I couId dance.否定句 I could not dance.或 I couldn* t dance例 2 They couId speak English.否定句 They cou I d not speak Eng I i sh 或 They couldn* t speak Eng Ii

15、sh例 3 He couId swim,so can I.He could swim,neither (nor)can I析：在“述句+so+助(系情态)动词+主语”结构中，若改为否定句，除述部分加副词not外，还需将so改为neither或nor。例 4 He must go home否定句 He must not go home或 He mustrft go home例 5 He must be on thepIayground.He could not be on thepIayground析：当must be用来表示推测，有“一定”的含义时，否定式要用can not.例 6 You m

16、ust say something at the mecting.You needn' t say anything at the mecting. 析：当amust+行为动词”用来表示“必须”的含义时，其否定式可用need" t或mustn't表示“不需要”，“不必”， 语气委婉，must not表示“禁止”，“千万别”语气生硬。例 7 You might come in now.Youmustn't come in now析：may作为情态动词表示"可以"时， 其否定式用must not,而不用 may not.例 8 He might

17、 watch TV He mustn't watch TV.注意：(1) 见到some变否定句时，要换成any.(2) 见到and变否定句时，要换成or.(3) 见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.仞H 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI eithertoo和also用于青定句中时，否定句中用either替 换。(4)见到al ready变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.三

18、现在进行时变否定句规则1规则：现在进行时变否定句时，只需在be am i s are后加not .例 1 I am watch i ng TV 否定句I am not watch ing TV 或 I ' m notwatching TV例 2 They are playing basketball 否定句 They are not playing baske tball 或 They are n'tplaying basketbalI 2注意:(1)见到some变否定句时,要换成any.否定句I例 1 I am eat i ng someam not eating any a

19、pples.m not eating any apples.例 2 They are singsingsome songs 或 They或I否定句 They are not singsing any songs aren't singsing any songs (2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or例 1 I am eating appIes and oranges 否定句 I am not eating appIes or oranges m not eating or apples.(3)见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.例 1. Tom goes to sch

20、ool too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI either.too和al so用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到al ready变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.四过去进行时变否定句规则过去进行时变否定句时，只需在be was were后加not .例 1 I was watch i ng TV 否定句 I was not watching TV 例 2 They were playing basketball 否定句 T

21、hey were not playing basketball或 Theyv/eren't playing basketball 注意：(1)见到some变否定句时，要换成any.例 1 I was eating some apples否定句 I was not eating any appIes.例 2 They were singsing some songs 否定句 They were not s i ngs i ng any songs 或They weren't:singsing any songs (2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or.例 1 I was eati

22、ng apples and oranges 否定句 I was not eating appIes or oranges 或 I wast eating apples or oranges例 2 He was speaking English and French.)否定句 He was not speak i ng Eng I i sh or French.或 He wasn't speaking English or French(3)见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.彳列 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn'

23、t go to schooI eithertoo和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到al ready变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.五一般将来时变否定句规则(a)含有 wi 11 shal I的句子，变否定句时，只需在wi I I shal I后加notwi I I Iisten to me 否定句He wi I I not I isten to me 或 Hewon' tIi sten to me 例 2 I shaI I studyEng

24、lish tomorrow 否定句 I sha I I not study Eng I i sh to morrow (b)在be going to结构中，变否定句时，只需在be后加not 例 1 It is going to rain.要下雨了。否定句 11 i s not go i ng to ra i n. 或 11 i sn' t go i ng tora i n.彳列 2 We are going to have a meeting today. 今天我冷1开会。否定句 We are not going to have a mee ting today.或 We aren*

25、t going to have a meeting today 例 3 Lm going to be a teacher 否定句 I'm not going to be a teacher 注意：(1)见到some变否定句时，要换成any.例 1 I shaI I eat some apples 变否定 I sha I I not eat any apples 或 I shan't eat any apples 例 2 He wiI I dr ink some water 变否定 He wi I I not dr ink any water 或 He won't dr

26、i nk any water (2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or.例 1 We shaI I eat some apples and oranges 否定句 We shaI I not eat any apples or oranges 或 We shan* t eat any app I es or oranges 例 2 They are going to study English and Maths nest year 否定句 They are not going to study English or Maths nest year 或 They aren*t going to

27、study English or Maths nest year (3)见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.仔H 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI eithertoo和a I so用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到al ready变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.六过去将来时变否定句规则(a) 含有wouId shouId的句子，变否定句时，只需在wouId

28、shouId后 加 not o例 1 He wouId Iisten to me 否定句 He wou I d not I i sten to me 或 He v/ouldn* t I is ten to me例 2 I should study English 否定句 I should not study English 或 I shou Idn11 study Eng I i sh (b) 在was were going to结构中，变否定句时,只需在was were后加not。例 1 It was going to rain 否定句 It was not going to rain 或

29、It wasn*t going to rain 例 2 They were going to Shanghai 否定句 They were not going to Shangha i 或 They weren't going to Shanghai 注意：a 见到some变否定句时，要换成any.例 1 I shouId eat some appIes 变否定 I should not eat any apples 或 I shouIdn't eat any appIes 例 2 He wouId dr i nk some water 变否定 He wouId not dr

30、ink any water 或 He wouIdn't dr i nk any water b见到and变否定句时，要换成or.例 1 We shouId eat some appIes and oranges 否定句 We shouId not eat any appIes or oranges 或 We shouIdn*t eat any appIes or oranges 例 2 They were going to study English and Maths nest year .否定句 They were not go i ng to study Eng I i sh o

31、r Maths nest year 或 They weren*t going to study English or Maths nest year c 见到too和also变否定句时p要换成either彳 列 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI eithertoo和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。 d 见到al ready变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.七现在完成时変否定句

32、规则现在完成时变否定句时p只需在have或has后加not.例 1 I have a I ready f i n i shed my homework我已经完成了我的作业.否定句I have not a I ready finished my homework或 I haven't finished my homework yet.我已经完成了我的作业.注意：(1)肯定句中有some, a I ready时，改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yeto例 1: I have read some English books before否定句：I have not read an

33、y Engl ish books before(2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or.如：例 1: He has eatten some apples and eggs 否定句 He has not eatten apples or oreggs (3)见到too和al so变否定句时，要换成either.仞H 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI eithertoo和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到already变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper

34、a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.八过去完成时变否定句规则过去完成时变否定句时，只需在had后加not.例 1 I had a I ready f i n i shed my homework我已经完成了我的作业.否定句 I had not a I ready fin ished my homework 或 I hadn't finished my homework yet. 我已经完成了我的作业.注意(1)肯定句中有some, already时，改为否定句或疑问句时通常要分别改为any, yeto例 1: I had read some

35、English books before否 定句：I had not read any Eng I i shbooks before.(2)见到and变否定句时，要换成or如: 例 1: He had eatten some apples and eggs 否定句 H had not eatten apples or oreggs (3)见到too和also变否定句时，要换成either.仔H 1. Tom goes to school too.否定句 Tom doesn' t go to schooI eithertoo和also用于肯定句中时，否定句中用either替换。(4)见到

36、already变否定句时，要换成yet。例 1 He has had supper a I ready.He hasn' t had supper yet.一般现在时精炼一将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I am a boy.例 2 You are a girl.例 3 He is a teacher.例 4 Jim is English.例 5 These are b i kes例 6 Those are maps例 7 They are buses例 8 We are Chinese二将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I ' m a boy.例 2 You' re a gir

37、l.例 3 He' s a teacher.例 4 11' s a pen.例 5 These are some b i kes例 6 Those are maps and penc iIs例 7 They' re some buses and cars例 8 She i s your teacher.三将下列句子変疑问句。例 1 I am a boy.例 2 You are a girl.例 3 He i s my teacher例 4 Jim is our English例 5 These are some b ikes例 6 Those are my maps例

38、7 They are some buses例 8 We are Ch inese四将下列句子变成疑问句。例 1 I ' m a boy.例 2 You' re a girl.例 3 He' s my teacher.例 4 11' s a pen.例 5 These are some b ikes例 6 Those are maps and penc iIs例 7 They' re some buses and cars例 8 She i s your teacher五将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I teach English.例 2 They go t

39、o school例 3 We sing a song例 4 He speI Is it.例 5 She goes to school.伊I 6 He does h i s homework例 7 They do the i r homework例 8 I do my homework六将下列句子变否定句。例 1 He teaches my English例 2 They speak English and French.例 3 We eat some appIes例 4 Jim speI Is it.例 5 She goes to our school似I 6 He does some hom

40、ework例 7 They do the i r homework例 8 We do some homework七将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 I teach English例 2 They go to school例 3 We sing a song例 4 He speI Is it.例 5 She goes to school伊I 6 He does h i s homework例 7 They does the i r homework例 8 I do my homework八将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 He teaches my English例 2 They speak English

41、 and French例 3 We eat some appIes例 4 Jim speI Is it.例 5 She goes to our school似I 6 He does some homework例 7 They do the i r homework例 8 We do some homework九将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can dance例 2 They can speak English例 3He must go home例 4 Hemustbe on the pIayground.例 5 You must say something at the mecting.例

42、7 They may watch TV 例 7 He may watch TV 例 8 We need speak English.十 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I can dance and s i ng例 2 They can speak some English例 3You must go home例 4 They mustbe on thepIayground.例 5He must say something at the mecting.例 6 Jim may come in now.例 7 They may watch TV 例 8 We need speak English a

43、nd English十一将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 I can dance例 2 They can speak English例 3He must go home例 4 Hemustbe on thepIayground.例 5 You must say something at the mecting.例 6 You may come in now.例 7 He may watch TV 例 8 We need speak English十二 将下列句子疑问定句。例 1 I can dance and sing例 2 They can speak some English例 3You mus

44、t go home例 4 They mustbe on thepIayground.例 5He must say something at the mecting.例 6 You may come in now.例 8 We need speak English and English.十三 写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式。1go2speI I3speak4Ii ke5teach6 Be7 are8 study9have10 do十四将下列名词变成复数。1 apple2 orange3 map4 pen5penci I6 desk7 dog8 tomato9 photo10knife十五将下列

45、名词变成复数。1man2woma n3child4person5people6fish7sheep8deer9foot10 tooth十六写出人称代词主格。十七写出人称代词宾格。十八写出形容词性物主代词。十九肯定回答和否定回答。1 1sthi s your book ?2 Are you a teacher ?3 Is there any water in the cup ?4 Are there any books or pens on the desk?5 Does he do his homev/ork ?6 Does Jim go to school ?7 Do you Iike yo

46、ur English teacher ?8 Do they study English ?9 Can you dance ?10 May he go home ?11Must you come i n time.12 Need I finish the work today?13 Do you study English ?14 Do they speak English?二十 写出一般现在时的四种构成。1234一般现在时精炼答案一将下列句子变否定句。彳列 1 I am not a boy. 或 I ' m not a boy.彳列 2 You are not a girl或 You

47、aret a girl例 3 He i s not a teacher或 He isn' t a teacher例 4 Jim i s not Engl i sh 或 Jim isn' t Eng I i sh彳列 5 These are not bikes或 These aren* t bikes例 6 Those are not maps或 Those aren* t maps伊I 7 They are not buses或 They aren* t buses例 8 We are not Chinese.或 We aren? t Chinese二将下列句子变否定句。例 1

48、 I'm not a boy.彳列 2You' re not agirl或You aren't a girl伊I 3He' sa teacher或 Heisn' t ateacher彳列 4 It' s not a pen或 It isn' t a pen.例 5Theseare notany b i kes或 These aren' t any bi kes.例 6Thoseare notmaps orpenc iIs或 Those aret maps or penoils例 7 They? re not any buses o

49、r carsA Theyaren? t any buses or cars例 8 She i s not your teacher三将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Are you a boy?例 2Are you a girl?例 3 Is he your teacher ?例 4 Is Jim your English?例 5 Are these any bikes?例 6 Are those your maps?例 7 Are they any buses？例 8 Are you Chinese?四将下列句子变成疑问句。例 1 Are you a boy?例 2 Are you a girl?

50、例 3 Is he your teacher ?例 4 Is it a pen. ?例 5 Are these any bikes?例 6 Are those maps or penciIs?例 7 Are they any buses or cars?例 8 Is she your teacher ?五 将下列句子变否定句。例 1 I don? t teach English.例 2 They don? t go to school例 3 We don' t s i ng a song.例 4 He doesn? t speI I it.例 5 She doesn? t go to

51、school.彳列 6 He doesn? t do h i s homework例 7 They don' t do the i r homework例 8 I don' t do my homework六将下列句子变否定句。例 1 He doesn? t teach my English例 2 They don' t speak English or French.例 3 We don' t eat any apples例 4 Jim doesn? t speI I it.例 5 She doesn? t go to our school似I 6 He do

52、esn? t do any homework例 7 They don? t do the i r homework例 8 We don' t do any homework七将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Do you teach English?例 2Do they go to school?例 3 Do you sing a song?例 4 Does he speI I it?例 5 Does she go to school?例 6 Does he do his homework?例 7 Do they do the i r homework？例 8Do you do your h

53、omework?八将下列句子变疑问句。例 1 Does he teach your English?例 2 Do they speak English or French?例 3 Do you eat any apples?例 4 Does Jim speI I it?例 5 Does she go to your school?例 6 Does he do any homework?例 7 Do they do the i r homework？例 8 Do you do any homework?九将下列句子变否定句。似I 1 I can not dance 或 I can* t danc

54、e例 2 They can not speak English.或 They can' t speak English例 3 He must not go home或 He mustn't go home例 4 He can not be on the pIayground.例 5 You must not say something at the mecting.或 You needt say anything at the mecting例 6 You mustrft come in now.例 7 He mustn* t watch TV 例 8 We need not speak English十将下列句子变否定句。彳列 1 I can' t dance or sing. 或 I can not dance or s i ng例 2 They can' t speak any English或 They can not speak any English例 3You must not go home例 4 They can not be on the pIayground.例 5He must no