古建筑名词_中英对照

1、信人 : tjr99 （ 颐养 ）, 信区 : DESIGNPHD标 题 : 中国古代建筑及构造英文翻译发信站 : 未建成 BBS （Sun Mar 11 20:43:56 2007）, 站内（全国自然科学名词审定委员会1996 年公布）中国古代建筑及构造宫 palace ， temple殿 hall厅 hall 又称堂室 room房 house亭 pavilion台 platform坛 altar楼 storied building*阁 pavilion廊 colonnade榭 pavilion on terrace水榭 waterside pavilion轩 windowed verand

2、a 民居 folk house四合院 courtyard house寨 stockaded village舫 boat house阙 que ， watchtower牌楼 pailou ， decorated gateway 华表 huabiao ， ornamental pillar塔 pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overhanging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roofhip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavilion

3、 roof大木wooden structure大式wooden frame with dougong小式wooden frame without dougong大木作carpentry work小木作joinery work抬梁式构架post and lintel construction穿斗式构架column and tie construction井干式构架log cabin construction檐柱 eave column金柱hypostyle column内槽柱 hypostyle column 唐代术语内柱hypostyle column宋代术语山柱center column角柱

4、corner column 唐、宋术语瓜柱short column脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post 宋代术语雷公柱 suspended column帐杆 suspended column 宋代术语侧脚cejiao 宋代术语卷杀entasis梭柱shuttle-shaped column宋代术语角背bracket由戗invertedV-shapedbrace* 手 chashou ， inverted V-shaped brace 宋代术语柁墩woodenpier驼峰tuofeng， camel-hump shaped support 宋代术语梁 beam桢beam宋代术语月梁cr

5、escent beam三架梁 3-purlin beam平梁3-purlin beam宋代术语四架梁4-purlin beam五架梁5-purlin beam四椽桢5-purlin beam宋代术语六架梁6-purlin beam七架梁7-purlin beam六椽桢7-purlin beam宋代术语九架梁9-purlin beam八椽桢9-purlin beam宋代术语单步梁one-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳桢rufu , beam tie 宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋p

6、enetrating tie角梁 hip rafer桁purlin (used with dougong) 大式檩 purlin (used without dougong) 小式樽purlin 宋代术语脊桁ridged purlin大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊樽ridged purlin宋代术语金桁intermediate purlin大式金檩intermediate purlin小式上中平樽intermediate purlin宋代术语老檐桁purlin on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心桁eave purlin 大式檐檩 eave purlin 小式下平樽eave

7、 purlin宋代术语大式额枋 architrave(used with dougong)小式檐枋 architrave(used with dougong)阑额architrave 宋代术语由额垫板cushion board 大式檐垫板 cushion board小式枋 tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purlin tiebeam下金枋lower purlin tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam 大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam 小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter*花架椽intermediate rafte

8、r檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter 宋代术语连檐eave edging瓦口tile edging颔版tile edging 宋代术语举架raising the purlin举析raising the purlin 宋代术语步架horizontal spacingbetween purlins材 cai 契qi分 fen斗口 doukou ， mortise of cap block斗拱 dougong ， bracket set斗 dou ， bracket set升 block with cross mortise大斗cap block

9、栌斗cap block 宋代术语拱 gong ， bracketarm翘 flower arm ， petal华拱 flower arm 宋代术语昂 ang ， lever槽升子center block齐心斗center block 宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block 宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱 oval arm 瓜子拱 oval arm 宋代术语万拱 long arm慢拱long arm 宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular

10、arm 宋代术语单材拱 outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam 枋small tie-beam宋代术语耍头nose攒 set of bracket柱头科bracket set on columns柱头铺作bracket set on columns 宋代术语平身科bracket sets between columns补间铺作bracket sets between columns 宋代术语角科 bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner 宋代术语出 extension of bracket出跳 exten

11、sion of bracket 宋代术语画cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrowbrace搏缝板gableeave board搏缝版gableeave board宋代术语木装修 joiners work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修interior finish work 框槛 door frame槛 stud抱框jamb ondoor or window格栅partitiondoor抹头windowstool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall window榻板window sill支摘窗 removable window门枕door bearin

12、g门簪decorative cylinder门跋door knocker门钉decorative nails on door leaf门枕石 bearing stone抱鼓石drum-shaped bearing stone天花ceiling帽儿梁lattice framing支条lattice framing井口天花compartment ceiling海墁天花flat ceiling藻井caisson ceiling 罩 shelf龛 niche博古架antique shelf瓦石作masonry檐墙eave wall廊墙partition wall扇面墙horizontal partit

13、ion wall隔断墙vertical partitionwall槛墙sill wall樨头gable wallhead挑檐石cantilever stoneon eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel ， hanging over叠涩corbel ， hanging over宋代术语角柱石corner pier阶条石rectangular stoneslab压阑石rectangular stoneslab 宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏 step 宋代术语斗板石 intermediate pier垂带 drooping belt st

14、one副子 drooping belt stone 宋代术语象眼triangular space御路yulu ， imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fascia上袅upper cyma ， recta下袅lower cyma ， reversa束腰suyao钩栏balustrade 宋代术语宋代术语单钩栏single frieze balustrade垂台钩栏double frieze balustrade望柱baluster望柱头baluster capital栏

15、版frieze panel华版frieze panel地伏plinth stone寻杖handrail 宋代术语柱顶石capital stone 柱础 column base踬 zhi 碑碣 stone tablet* 屃bixi ， stone turtle 宋及宋前术语趺fu ， stone turtle清代术语石像生 stone animal石人stone human statue筒瓦round tile板瓦flat tile青瓦black tile脊瓦 ridge tile琉璃瓦 glazed roof tile勾头eave tile滴水drip tile瓦当tile end ， eavetile with pattern正吻zhengwen鸱尾chiwei 宋及宋前术语正脊main ridge垂脊 diagonal ridge for hip roof ， vertical ridge for gable roof戗脊diagonal ridge for gable and hiproof博脊horizontal ridge for gable and hip roof仙人celestial being走兽 animal砖雕brick carving 彩画 colored pattern ， colored drawing苏式彩画Suzh